Simultaneously enhancing the crystallization rate and fire retardancy of poly(lactic acid) by using a novel bifunctional additive trimethylamine phenylphosphonate.

Simultaneously regulating the crystallizing and combustion behaviors of poly(lactic acid) (PLA) will be conducive to its further development in the fields of electronic appliances, automotive and rail transit materials. To achieve this goal, a novel bifunctional additive triethylamine phenylphosphonate (TEAP) was synthesized through acid-base neutralization reaction between trimethylamine and phenylphosphonic acid. When TEAP was added into PLA, the crystallization behaviors of PLA/TEAP assessed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and polarized optical microscopy (POM) suggested that TEAP acted as a nucleating agent and plasticizer for PLA, which effectively increased the crystallization rate of PLA.

[Effects of applying different nitrogen form on cherry tomato nitrogen metabolism during fruit development].

A hydroponic experiment was conducted to study the effects of applying 100% NO3- -N, 100% NH4+ -N, and 75% NO3- -N+25% NH4+ -N on the nitrogen metabolism and the nitrate reductase (NR) and glutamine synthetase (GS) gene expression of cherry tomato during its fruit development. Applying 75% NO3- -N+25% NH4+ -N slightly increased the single fruit mass, and increased the fruit NH4+ -N, total amino acid, and total N contents and N accumulation significantly, compared with applying 100% NO3- -N. In treatments 100% NO3- -N and 75% NO3- -N + 25% NH4+ -N, the fruit NR activity and its gene expression had no significant difference, but were higher than those in treatment 100% NH4+ -N.