A Randomized, Double-Blind, and Placebo-Controlled Trial of Chinese Herbal Medicine in the Treatment of Childhood Constipation.

Objectives: Management of constipation is still challenging in childhood. The pharmacological effect of XiaojiDaozhi Decoction, a prescription of Chinese Herbal Medicine (CHM), has been well described for the treatment of food and Qi stagnation which account for childhood constipation. However, the efficacy and safety of XiaojiDaozhi Decoction in childhood constipation remains unclear.

Superficial CD34-Positive Fibroblastic Tumor on the Chest Wall of an 8-Year-Old Girl: A Case Report and Literature Review.

This study reports a case of superficial CD34-positive fibroblastic tumor (SCPFT) in a child and analyze the major known clinicopathological features of SCPFT and other skin mesenchymal tumors, contributing to an accurate diagnosis of this rare disease. We summarize the clinicopathologic features of an 8-year-old girl who was diagnosed with SCPFT and 46 previously reported SCPFT cases. Post-operative histopathologic examination of the current case showed the tumor lesion was well-circumscribed; tumor cells were spindled-to-polygonal with a fascicular pattern; most nuclei displayed hyperchromasia and low mitotic rate; intranuclear pseudoinclusions could be found; and abundant eosinophilic cytoplasm and partial myxoid stroma were observed.

Nonoperative management of appendiceal phlegmon or abscess with an appendicolith in children.

Background: The optimal treatment of appendiceal phlegmon or abscess with an appendicolith is controversial. This study aimed to evaluate outcomes and prognosis of nonoperative management of appendiceal phlegmon or abscess with an appendicolith in children.

Methods: From 2007 to 2011, 105 children with appendiceal phlegmon or abscess who were treated nonoperatively without interval appendectomy were reviewed.

Normal development of hindgut and anorectum in human embryo.

Purpose: The aim of the present analysis is to examine the morphological changes, the spatiotemporal distribution of apoptosis/proliferation in the human embryonic anorectum, to reveal the normal development of human anorectum, and investigate the possible roles of apoptosis/proliferation during anorectal development.

Materials And Methods: The embryos were sectioned serially and sagittally, stained with hematoxylin and eosin (H & E) between the third and eighth week of gestation, TdT-mediated dUTP-digoxigenin nick end-labeling (TUNEL) and proliferative cell-specific nuclear antigen (PCNA) immunohistochemical staining from the sixth to the eighth week.

Results: From the fourth to the seventh week, with the growth of the mesenchyme around the cloaca, the cloaca was remolded, subsequently, the cloacal membrane (CM) moved perpendicularly then horizontally.

[Acetylation of hepatic histone H3 in rats with intrauterine growth retardation].

Objective: To investigate the effects of intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR) caused by malnutrition during pregnancy on the acetylation of histone H3 and expression of histonedeacetylase1(HDAC1) in the hepar of the adult offspring and to explore the relationship between them.

Methods: Male 8-week-old offspring from maternal protein-malnutrition dams were studied. The expression of HDAC1 mRNA in the hepar was measured by fluorescent quantization RT-PCR.

Cell apoptosis during the cloacal embryonic development in rats with anorectal malformations.

Objective: In the normal embryonic development of anorectum, apoptosis plays an important role. To explore the role of apoptosis in anorectal malformations (ARM), this study investigated cell apoptosis during the cloacal embryonic development in ARM embryos.

Methods: ARM embryos were induced by intragastric administration of ethylenethiourea (125 mg/kg) for pregnant rats on embryonic day 10 (E10).

Ultrasound-guided hydrostatic reduction of intussusceptions by saline enema: a review of 5218 cases in 17 years.

Background: The aim of this study was to evaluate the results of ultrasound (US)-guided hydrostatic reduction (UGSED) of intussusceptions in pediatric patients by saline enema.

Methods: Five thousand two hundred eighteen pediatric patients with intussusceptions treated by UGSED from October 1985 to October 2002 were reviewed retrospectively.

Results: The success rate of reduction in 5218 patients was 95.