Emodin Alcohols: Design, Synthesis, Biological Evaluation and Multitargeting Studies with DNA, RNA, and HSA.

Objective: A series of novel emodin alcohols were designed and prepared in an effort to overcome the increasing microorganism resistance.

Methods: Novel emodin alcohols were prepared from commercial emodin and different nitrogen-containing heterocycles different synthetic strategies, such as O-alkylation and N-alkylation. The antimicrobial activity of synthesized emodin compounds was evaluated by a two-fold serial dilution technique.

Encapsulation of bacteria in different stratified extracellular polymeric substances and its implications for performance enhancement and resource recovery.

Simultaneous recovery of biopolymers and enhanced bio-reactor performance are promising options for sustainable wastewater treatment, and the bioactivity of sludge after biopolymer extraction is thus critical for the performance of the system. To this end, stratified extracellular polymeric substances (EPS), including slime, loosely bound EPS (LB-EPS), and tightly bound EPS (TB-EPS), were extracted, and the bioactivities of the consequent extraction residues were assessed using aerobic respirogram, kinetic, and flow cytometry (FCM). After the initial weak extraction of slime, the particle size distribution of the sludge significantly decreased, and subsequent extractions of LB-EPS and TB-EPS produced an equivalent size distribution.

Investigation on polyphosphate accumulation in the sulfur transformation-centric EBPR (SEBPR) process for treatment of high-temperature saline wastewater.

This study investigated the polyphosphates accumulation rate in a novel sulfur transformation-centric enhanced biological phosphorus removal (SEBPR) process. The SEBPR system was continuously operated over 120 days in a sequencing batch reactor (SBR) that alternated between the anaerobic mode and the anoxic mode of operation (temperature: 30 °C and salinity: 6000 mg/L Cl). In addition to the SBR, batch experiments were carried out to test the effect of two different sulfate concentrations on the system performance and sulfur-phosphorus transformations.

Multiple-cycle operation of sulphur-cycle-enhanced biological phosphorus removal to maintain stable performance at high temperatures.

This study investigated a new method of multiple-cycle operation of a sulphur-cycle-enhanced biological phosphorus (P) removal system to maintain good phosphorus removal performance at a high temperature (30 °C). The findings demonstrate that P removal was low and unstable under a normal cycle (77 ± 18%), but multiple cycles resulted in a high and quite stable level of P removal (88 ± 9%). Moreover, in the normal mode, the polyhydroxyalkanoate levels increased significantly from 2 to 15 mg C/g of VSS, the glycogen level doubled from 5 to 10 mg C/g of VSS and the polyhydroxyalkanoate and glycogen levels were maintained at considerably low levels after multiple cycles (only 5 C/g of VSS).

Translocation of enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli effector Tir to the plasma membrane via host Golgi apparatus.

The translocated intimin receptor (Tir) is a canonical type III secretion system effector, secreted by the enterohemorrhagic Escherichia coli (E. coli). This receptor alters the regular cellular processing of host cells, to promote intracellular bacterial replication and evasion of the host immune system.

[Identification and classification of disease severity of wheat stripe rust using near infrared spectroscopy technology].

Wheat stripe rust caused by Puccinia striiformis f. sp. tritici, is an economically important disease in the world.

Shiga toxins induce autophagic cell death in intestinal epithelial cells via the endoplasmic reticulum stress pathway.

Shiga toxins (Stxs) are a family of cytotoxic proteins that lead to the development of bloody diarrhea, hemolytic-uremic syndrome, and central nervous system complications caused by bacteria such as S. dysenteriae, E. coli O157:H7 and E.

[Detection of Puccinia strii formis f. sp. tritici latent infections in wheat leaves using near infrared spectroscopy technology].

To realize the early detection of P. strii formis f. sp.

[Application of near infrared spectroscopy to qualitative identification and quantitative determination of Puccinia strii formis f. sp. tritici and P. recondita f. sp. tritici].

To realize qualitative identification and quantitative determination of Puccinia strii formis f. sp. tritici (Pst) and P.

[Early diagnosis of wheat stripe rust and wheat leaf rust using near infrared spectroscopy].

In the present study, near-infrared reflectance spectroscopy (NIRS) technology was applied to implement early diagnosis of two kinds of wheat rusts, i. e. wheat stripe rust and wheat leaf rust, by detecting wheat leaves as disease symptom has not appeared.

Simultaneous nitrogen and phosphorus removal in the sulfur cycle-associated Enhanced Biological Phosphorus Removal (EBPR) process.

Hong Kong has practiced seawater toilet flushing since 1958, saving 750,000 m(3) of freshwater every day. A high sulfate-to-COD ratio (>1.25 mg SO4(2-)/mg COD) in the saline sewage resulting from this practice has enabled us to develop the Sulfate reduction, Autotrophic denitrification and Nitrification Integrated (SANI(®)) process with minimal sludge production and oxygen demand.

First genome sequence of a Burkholderia pseudomallei Isolate in China, strain BPC006, obtained from a melioidosis patient in Hainan.

Melioidosis, caused by Burkholderia pseudomallei, is considered to be endemic to Northern Australia and Southeast Asia, with high mortality and relapse rates, regardless of powerful antibiotic therapy. Here we report the first genome sequence of Burkholderia pseudomallei strain BPC006, obtained from a melioidosis patient in Hainan, China. The genome sizes of the 2 chromosomes were determined to be 4,001,777 bp and 3,153,284 bp.

Compromised autophagy by MIR30B benefits the intracellular survival of Helicobacter pylori.

Helicobacter pylori evade immune responses and achieve persistent colonization in the stomach. However, the mechanism by which H. pylori infections persist is not clear.

Identification of a novel linear epitope on EspA from enterohemorrhagic E. coli using a neutralizing and protective monoclonal antibody.

Enterohemorrhagic E. coli (EHEC) causes severe diseases in humans and animals via the production of Shiga toxins, and injection of effectors into epithelia using type III secretion system (TTSS). E.

EspA is a novel fusion partner for expression of foreign proteins in Escherichia coli.

Escherichia coli secreted protein A (EspA) is a component of the type 3 secretion system (T3SS). The high level of expression when self-stimulated suggests that EspA may be used as a fusion partner. In the present study, EspA was used as a "fusion partner" to construct a fusion expression system, pEspA, in order to improve the expression and solubility of proteins from prokaryotes and eukaryotes.

[Disease index inversion of wheat stripe rust on different wheat varieties with hyperspectral remote sensing].

It is becoming more and more important to use mixed wheat varieties to control wheat stripe rust. Different wheat varieties were planted in field and stripe rust was caused by artificial inoculation. Disease index (DI) was assessed and the canopy reflection data of wheat canopy were obtained by ASD FieldSpec HandHeld FR(325-1 075 nm) made by ASD Company.

[Application of hyperspectral data to the classification and identification of severity of wheat stripe rust].

Wheat stripe rust, caused by Puccinia strii formis f. sp. tritici, is one of pandemic diseases causing severe losses in China.