Preoperative radiomic signature based on CT images for noninvasive evaluation of localized nephroblastoma in pediatric patients.

Background: Nephron sparing nephrectomy may not reduce the prognosis of nephroblastoma in the absence of involvement of the renal capsule, sinus vessels, and lymph nodes, However, there is no accurate preoperative noninvasive evaluation method at present.

Materials And Methods: 105 nephroblastoma patients underwent contrast-enhanced CT scan between 2013 and 2020 in our hospital were retrospectively collected, including 59 cases with localized stage and 46 cases with non-localized stage, and then were divided into training cohort (n= 73) and validation cohort (n= 32) according to the order of CT scanning time. After lesion segmentation and data preprocessing, radiomic features were extracted from each volume of interest.

Machine Learning-Based CT Radiomics Method for Identifying the Stage of Wilms Tumor in Children.

Purpose: To develop and validate a machine learning-based CT radiomics method for preoperatively predicting the stages (stage I and non-stage I) of Wilms tumor (WT) in pediatric patients.

Methods: A total of 118 patients with WT, who underwent contrast-enhanced computed tomography (CT) scans in our center between 2014 and 2021, were studied retrospectively and divided into two groups: stage I and non-stage I disease. Patients were randomly divided into training cohorts ( = 94) and test cohorts ( = 24).

Cross electro-nape-acupuncture ameliorates cerebral hemorrhage-induced brain damage by inhibiting necroptosis.

Background: Receptor interacting protein kinase 1 (RIPK1)-mediated cell death, including apoptosis and necroptosis, belongs to programmed cell death. It has been reported that RIPK1-mediated necroptosis exists in lesions of cerebral hemorrhage (CH). Electroacupuncture, a treatment derived from traditional Chinese medicine, could improve neurological impairment in patients with brain injury.

Diagnostic performance of convolutional neural network-based Tanner-Whitehouse 3 bone age assessment system.

Background: Bone age can reflect the true growth and development status of a child; thus, it plays a critical role in evaluating growth and endocrine disorders. This study established and validated an optimized Tanner-Whitehouse 3 artificial intelligence (TW3-AI) bone age assessment (BAA) system based on a convolutional neural network (CNN).

Methods: A data set of 9,059 clinical radiographs of the left hand was obtained from the picture archives and communication systems (PACS) between January 2012 and December 2016.

MR Lymphangiography for Focal Disruption of the Thoracic Duct in Chylothorax of an Infant: a Case Report and Literature Review.

Chylothorax is a rare cause of pleural effusion in children, and it is usually difficult to identify the location of chyle leakage due to the small size of the thoracic duct in children. Herein we report an infant case with chylothorax whose leakage of the thoracic duct was successfully located by magnetic resonance lymphangiography (MRL) using pre-contrast MR cholangiopancreatography (MRCP) and gadodiamide-enhanced spectral presaturation inversion recovery (SPIR) T-weighted imaging, which demonstrate the imaging method is easy and effective for detecting the focal disruption of the thoracic duct in children with chylothorax and younger than 8 months old.

Phenolic acid derivatives with neuroprotective effect from the aqueous extract of Clerodendranthus spicatus.

Two new phenolic acid helisterculins C (1) and D (2) were isolated from the whole plant of Clerodendranthus spicatus. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR, MS, and CD analysis. Compound 1 possesses an unusual bicyclol [2.

Pediatric Isolated Sinonasal Schwannoma: A New Case Report and Literature Review.

Schwannomas of the paranasal sinus are uncommon. Less than 4% of schwannomas involve the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, even less in the pediatric age group. A case of schwannoma arising in maxillary sinus in a 2.

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis with involvement of the urinary bladder.

Eosinophilic gastroenteritis with eosinophilic infiltration of the urinary bladder wall is rare in children. We describe the CT findings of eosinophilic gastroenteritis accompanied by bladder involvement in an 11-year-old boy. CT imaging showed diffuse wall thickening of the entire gastrointestinal tract from the esophagus to the colon and revealed a halo sign, irregular fold thickening and luminal narrowing without obstruction of the gastrointestinal wall.

Comparison of magnetic resonance enterography, capsule endoscopy and gastrointestinal radiography of children with small bowel Crohn's disease.

The aim of this study was to compare magnetic resonance enterography (MRE) findings with those of video capsule endoscopy (VCE) or conventional gastrointestinal radiography (CGR) in pediatric patients with small bowel Crohn's disease. A total of 55 cases of small bowel Crohn's disease that were diagnosed through clinical, laboratory, surgical and histopathological findings were reviewed. Prior to the examination, children suspected of having other types of diseases of the small intestinal were identified.

Quantitative evaluation of the axonal degeneration of central motor neurons in chronic cerebral stroke with diffusion tensor imaging.

Background: Conventional magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can only show the degeneration-induced morphological changes but fail to quantitatively reveal the degree and extent of the axonal damage of nerve fibers. Diffusion tensor imaging (DTI) has the ability to detect the diffusion of water molecules and thus suitable to the study of axonal degeneration of central motor neurons.

Purpose: To illustrate and quantitatively evaluate the axonal degeneration of central motor neurons in patients with chronic cerebral stroke.