Mechanically robust surface-degradable implant from fiber silk composites demonstrates regenerative potential.

Through millions of years of evolution, bones have developed a complex and elegant hierarchical structure, utilizing tropocollagen and hydroxyapatite to attain an intricate balance between modulus, strength, and toughness. In this study, continuous fiber silk composites (CFSCs) of large size are prepared to mimic the hierarchical structure of natural bones, through the inheritance of the hierarchical structure of fiber silk and the integration with a polyester matrix. Due to the robust interface between the matrix and fiber silk, CFSCs show maintained stable long-term mechanical performance under wet conditions.

Ghrelin Induces Ferroptosis Resistance and M2 Polarization of Microglia to Alleviate Neuroinflammation and Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer's Disease.

Microglial polarization and ferroptosis are important pathological features in Alzheimer's disease (AD). Ghrelin, a brain-gut hormone, has potential neuroprotective effects in AD. This study aimed to explore the potential mechanisms by which ghrelin regulates the progression of AD, as well as the crosstalk between microglial polarization and ferroptosis.

Perfluorinated compounds linked to central precocious puberty in girls during COVID-19: an untargeted metabolomics study.

Background And Objective: The incidence of central precocious puberty (CPP) in girls increased significantly during the COVID-19 pandemic. This study aimed to explore the impact of perfluorinated endocrine disruptors on CPP through metabolomics analysis in girls from Hainan Province, China.

Methods: Serum samples from 100 girls with CPP and 100 healthy controls were collected.

Biochemical dissection of a fungal highly reducing polyketide synthase condensing region reveals basis for acyl group selection.

Fungal highly reducing polyketide synthases (hrPKSs) are remarkable multidomain enzymes that catalyse the biosynthesis of a diverse range of structurally complex compounds. During biosynthesis, the ketosynthase (KS) and acyltransferase (AT) domains of the condensing region are visited by the acyl carrier protein (ACP) domain during every cycle, catalysing chain priming and elongation reactions. Despite their significance, our comprehension of how these steps contribute to biosynthetic fidelity remains poorly understood.

Current trends in intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring among Asia-Pacific countries: an Asia-Pacific Spine Society survey.

Study Design: A prospective web-based survey.

Purpose: Although intraoperative neurophysiological monitoring (IONM) is critical in spine surgery, its usage is largely based on the surgeon's discretion, and studies on its usage trends in Asia-Pacific countries are lacking. This study aimed to examine current trends in IONM usage in Asia-Pacific countries.

A STING agonist prodrug reprograms tumor-associated macrophage to boost colorectal cancer immunotherapy.

Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) are abundant in colorectal cancer (CRC), correlating with immunosuppression and disease progression. Activation of the stimulator of interferon gene (STING) signaling pathway in TAMs offers a promising approach for CRC therapy. However, current STING agonists face challenges related to tumor specificity and administration routes.

Proteomic study of the inhibitory effects of tannic acid on MRSA biofilm.

Introduction: The mechanism of tannic acid (TA) intervention on methicillin-resistant (MRSA, USA 300) biofilm formation was explored using proteomics.

Methods: The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) of TA against the MRSA standard strain USA 300 was determined by two-fold serial dilution of the microbroth. The effects of TA were studied using crystal violet staining.

A posterior trans-intervertebral osteotomy with anterior support for kyphosis deformity secondary to ankylosing spondylitis: a technical note.

Background: This study aimed to assess the efficacy of a novel spinal osteotomy technique, the posterior trans-intervertebral osteotomy with anterior support, in individuals diagnosed with ankylosing spondylitis. This study utilized computer software to simulate the osteotomy procedure, predict orthopedic outcomes, and assist in preoperative planning.

Methods: Four patients with ankylosing spondylitis underwent posterior trans-intervertebral osteotomy with anterior support that post-operative follow-up of more than 1 year.

Tamsulosin ameliorates bone loss by inhibiting the release of Cl through wedging into an allosteric site of TMEM16A.

TMEM16A, a key calcium-activated chloride channel, is crucial for many physiological and pathological processes such as cancer, hypertension, and osteoporosis, etc. However, the regulatory mechanism of TMEM16A is poorly understood, limiting the discovery of effective modulators. Here, we unveil an allosteric gating mechanism by presenting a high-resolution cryo-EM structure of TMEM16A in complex with a channel inhibitor that we identified, Tamsulosin, which is resolved at 2.

Association of Preoperative Serum Potassium With Postoperative Seizures in Patients Undergoing Elective Craniotomy.

Background And Objectives: Patients who undergo craniotomy are at risk of developing seizures during the postoperative period. Preoperative serum potassium as an important potential risk factor has not been investigated yet.

Methods: We conducted a retrospective cohort study involving adults undergoing elective craniotomy at West China Hospital, from January 2011 and March 2021.

Comparative analysis of the complete chloroplast genome of Pueraria provides insights for species identification, phylogenetic relationships, and taxonomy.

Background: Pueraria is an edible and medicinal raw material, which is of great value to the pharmaceutical and food industries. Nonetheless, due to morphological diversity and complex domestication history, the classification of Pueraria plants is ambiguous. As the varieties on the market are mixed, the species are difficult to distinguish, and their morphological characteristics are similar to the physical and chemical properties.

Controllable Active Intermediate in CO Hydrogenation Enabling Highly Selective ,-Dimethylformamide Synthesis via -Formylation.

,-Dimethylformamide (DMF) is a widely used solvent, and its green and low-carbon synthesis methods are in high demand. Herein, we report a new approach for DMF synthesis using a continuous flow reaction system with a fixed-bed reactor and a ZnO-TiO solid solution catalyst. This catalyst effectively utilizes CO, H, and dimethylamine (DMA) as feedstocks, demonstrating performance with 99% DMF selectivity and single-pass DMA conversion approaching thermodynamic equilibrium.

[Prognostic value of albumin and aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio in patients with acute liver failure in hyperacute phase of sepsis: a multicenter retrospective cohort study].

Objective: To investigate the prognostic value of albumin (ALB), aspartate aminotransferase/alanine aminotransferase ratio (AST/ALT) in patients with acute liver failure (ALF) in hyperacute phase of sepsis which provided the basis for clinical evaluation and prognostic judgment and corresponding treatment options.

Methods: A multicenter retrospective cohort study was conducted. Patients with ALF in hyperacute phase of sepsis admitted to Zhoupu Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Health College, Shanghai Pudong New Area People's Hospital, and Shanghai Oriental Hospital from January 2019 to February 2024 were enrolled.

Factors associated with postoperative coronal imbalance in adult patients with severe and rigid scoliosis: a retrospective study.

Background: Extensive studies examined coronal imbalance (CIB) in adolescent and adult degenerative scoliosis; however, few studies addresses on CIB in adult with severe rigid scoliosis (SRS). Therefore, we analyzed postoperative SRS patients to identify factors associated with postoperative CIB.

Methods: In this retrospective study, we investigated SRS patients undergoing one-stage posterior column osteotomy (PCO) and fusion at our hospital between August 2012 and January 2019.

Comparison of clinical outcomes between direct and indirect transfer in patients with ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction.

Primary percutaneous coronary intervention (PCI) is the cornerstone of treatment for ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI). Previous studies suggest that direct transport by ambulance to a primary PCI facility is associated with better clinical outcomes in patients with STEMI. However, those studies included seriously ill patients for whom direct transport is the only option.

Signatures of Six Autophagy-Related Genes as Diagnostic Markers of Thyroid-Associated Ophthalmopathy and Their Correlation With Immune Infiltration.

Background: Thyroid-associated ophthalmopathy (TAO) is one of the most complex autoimmune diseases in endocrinology areas. Autophagy-related genes may be involved in the pathophysiology of TAO. This study aims to reveal key genes associated with autophagy in the pathogenesis and the potential diagnostic markers for TAO.

Association between various types of corticosteroids and mortality for severe community-acquired pneumonia in adults: a systematic review and network meta-analysis.

Objective: This study aims to conduct a systematic review and network meta-analysis to evaluate the efficacy and safety of specific corticosteroids, including but not limited to hydrocortisone, methylprednisolone, prednisolone, and dexamethasone, in the treatment of severe community-acquired pneumonia (SCAP). Efficacy will be assessed using specific outcomes, such as 30-day mortality and the requirement for mechanical ventilation. Safety evaluations will include adverse events like gastrointestinal bleeding and healthcare-associated infections.

Molecular Basis for Cγ-N Bond Formation by PLP-Dependent Enzyme LolC.

Pyridoxal 5'-phosphate (PLP)-dependent enzymes catalyze a diverse array of biochemical transformations, making them invaluable biocatalytic tools for the synthesis of complex bioactive compounds. Here, we report the biochemical characterization of LolC, a PLP-dependent γ-synthase involved in the biosynthesis of loline alkaloids. LolC catalyzes the formation of a Cγ-N bond between -acetyl--homoserine (OAH) and l-proline, generating a diamino diacid intermediate.

Doping Ti into RuO to Accelerate Bridged-Oxygen-Assisted Deprotonation for Acidic Oxygen Evolution Reaction.

The development of efficient and durable electrocatalysts for the acidic oxygen evolution reaction (OER) is essential for advancing renewable hydrogen energy technology. However, the slow deprotonation kinetics of oxo-intermediates, involving the four proton-coupled electron steps, hinder the acidic OER progress. Herein, a RuTiO solid solution electrocatalyst is investigated, which features bridged oxygen (O) sites that act as proton acceptors, accelerating the deprotonation of oxo-intermediates.

Primary dedifferentiated liposarcoma of the gallbladder: a case report and literature review.

Background: Liposarcoma (LPS) is a kind of malignancy of soft tissue usually found in the retroperitoneal, limb, or neck region, and some may be detected with delayed symptoms (pain or palpable mass), and less frequently occurs in organs of the digestive system. In contrast, Dedifferentiated liposarcoma (DDLPS) is a common histological subtype of LPS. The present study reported a case of dedifferentiated liposarcoma originating in the gallbladder.

Amorphous NiB Promotes Electroreduction of Nitrate to Ammonia.

The electrocatalytic nitrate reduction to ammonia (NRA) can address nitrogen cycle imbalance and high carbon emissions; however, the intense competition of hydrogen evolution reaction (HER) restricts the rate of NH production. Herein, amorphous NiB (a-NiB) is designed to balance the NRA and HER. The NH yield of a-NiB surpasses those of pure Ni and NiO, which is attributed to the preferential adsorption of NO on the B and Ni sites of a-NiB for the NRA reaction, greatly inhibiting the HER.