Intravitreal indocyanine green is toxic to the retinal cells.

Background: Indocyanine green (ICG) is widely used to stain the epiretinal membranes and internal limiting membranes during the pars plana vitrectomy (PPV). This study aims to evaluate the effect of ICG on rat retinas and various retinal cell lines, including ARPE-19 cells, rMC-1 cells, BV2 cells, HRMECs and R28 cells.

Methods: ICG solutions were prepared and diluted with glucose solution (GS) according to the standard clinical protocols.

T3SS protein EsrC binds to the -like operator of type 1 fimbrial operon to suppress adhesion of .

Type 1 fimbria, the short hair-like appendage assembled on the bacterial surface, plays a pivotal role in adhesion and invasion in . The type III secretion system (T3SS), another bacterial surface appendage, facilitates 's replication by delivering effectors into host cells. Our previous research demonstrated that T3SS protein EseJ inhibits adhesion and invasion of by suppressing type 1 fimbria.

High-Performance One-Component Epoxy Adhesive Based on the Synergistic Effect of Lignin-Derived Triaryl-Imidazole and Phytic Acid.

Latent curing agents are essential in the formulation of one-component epoxy resins, yet they are seldom derived from fully biobased chemicals. In the present work, a fully biobased latent curing agent for epoxy resins (BIMPA) was produced by synthesizing an ionic complex of lignin-derived triaryl-imidazole (BIM) and phytic acid (PA). Benefiting from the synergistic effect of BIM and PA, the one-component epoxy resin, composed of BIMPA and commercially available E51, exhibits a storage stability of over 90 days.

Wnt5a/β-catenin-mediated epithelial-mesenchymal transition: a key driver of subretinal fibrosis in neovascular age-related macular degeneration.

Background: Neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD), accounts for up to 90% of AMD-associated vision loss, ultimately resulting in the formation of fibrotic scar in the macular region. The pathogenesis of subretinal fibrosis in nAMD involves the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) occurring in retinal pigment epithelium (RPE). Here, we aim to investigate the underlying mechanisms involved in the Wnt signaling during the EMT of RPE cells and in the pathological process of subretinal fibrosis secondary to nAMD.

Controllable fabrication of CoNi bimetallic alloy for high-performance electromagnetic wave absorption.

With the coming era of artificial intelligence (AI) dominated by high-tech electronics, developing high-performance microwave absorption materials (MAMs) is imperative to solve the problem of increasing electromagnetic inference and pollution. Herein, a metal-organic framework (MOF)-derived CoNi bimetallic alloy (CoNi/C) with an irregular rod-like structure is prepared by a thermal reduction method. Introducing the CoNi alloy facilitates the balance between conduction loss and polarization loss and forms good impedance matching, leading to excellent microwave absorption performance.

Automated detection of nine infantile fundus diseases and conditions in retinal images using a deep learning system.

Purpose: We developed an Infant Retinal Intelligent Diagnosis System (IRIDS), an automated system to aid early diagnosis and monitoring of infantile fundus diseases and health conditions to satisfy urgent needs of ophthalmologists.

Methods: We developed IRIDS by combining convolutional neural networks and transformer structures, using a dataset of 7697 retinal images (1089 infants) from four hospitals. It identifies nine fundus diseases and conditions, namely, retinopathy of prematurity (ROP) (mild ROP, moderate ROP, and severe ROP), retinoblastoma (RB), retinitis pigmentosa (RP), Coats disease, coloboma of the choroid, congenital retinal fold (CRF), and normal.

Effect of acupuncture on Hashimoto thyroiditis: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Hashimoto thyroiditis (HT) is a common autoimmune thyroid disease for which there is no specific treatment. Oral levothyroxine sodium tablets significantly improved thyroid function but did not promote a reduction in thyroid-related antibody concentrations. Acupuncture can improve clinical symptoms and thyroid function in HT patients, reduce serum TPOAb and TGAb levels in HT patients, and improve patients' quality of life.

Glucose transport, transporters and metabolism in diabetic retinopathy.

Diabetic retinopathy (DR) is the most common reason for blindness in working-age individuals globally. Prolonged high blood glucose is a main causative factor for DR development, and glucose transport is prerequisite for the disturbances in DR caused by hyperglycemia. Glucose transport is mediated by its transporters, including the facilitated transporters (glucose transporter, GLUTs), the "active" glucose transporters (sodium-dependent glucose transporters, SGLTs), and the SLC50 family of uniporters (sugars will eventually be exported transporters, SWEETs).

Unraveling and characterization of novel T3SS effectors in .

Type III secretion system (T3SS) facilitates survival and replication of . Identifying novel T3SS effectors and elucidating their functions are critical in understanding the pathogenesis of T3SS effector EseG and EseJ was highly secreted when T3SS gatekeeper-containing protein complex EsaB-EsaL-EsaM was disrupted by EsaB deficiency. Based on this observation, concentrated secretomes of Δ strain and ΔΔ strain were purified by loading them into SDS-PAGE gel for a short electrophoresis to remove impurities prior to the in-the gel digestion and mass spectrometry.

Prevalence, Trends and Correlates of HIV, Syphilis and HCV Infection Among Chinese Local and Cross-border Migrant Female Sex Workers in the Sino-Vietnam Border Area of Guangxi, 2016-2021.

Female sex workers (FSWs) are considered a high-risk group for sexually transmitted infections (STIs). However, limited data exist on the prevalence and trends of HIV, syphilis and HCV among FSWs in the Sino-Vietnam border area. To determine the prevalence, trends and correlates of STIs among Chinese local FSWs (CL-FSWs) and cross-border migrant FSWs (CM-FSWs), we conducted consecutive cross-sectional surveys from 2016 to 2021, recruiting 7747 CL-FSWs and 932 CM-FSWs.

Fundus Image-Label Pairs Synthesis and Retinopathy Screening via GANs With Class-Imbalanced Semi-Supervised Learning.

Retinopathy is the primary cause of irreversible yet preventable blindness. Numerous deep-learning algorithms have been developed for automatic retinal fundus image analysis. However, existing methods are usually data-driven, which rarely consider the costs associated with fundus image collection and annotation, along with the class-imbalanced distribution that arises from the relative scarcity of disease-positive individuals in the population.

FIT-Net: Feature Interaction Transformer Network for Pathologic Myopia Diagnosis.

Automatic and accurate classification of retinal optical coherence tomography (OCT) images is essential to assist physicians in diagnosing and grading pathological changes in pathologic myopia (PM). Clinically, due to the obvious differences in the position, shape, and size of the lesion structure in different scanning directions, ophthalmologists usually need to combine the lesion structure in the OCT images in the horizontal and vertical scanning directions to diagnose the type of pathological changes in PM. To address these challenges, we propose a novel feature interaction Transformer network (FIT-Net) to diagnose PM using OCT images, which consists of two dual-scale Transformer (DST) blocks and an interactive attention (IA) unit.

Adversarial learning-based multi-level dense-transmission knowledge distillation for AP-ROP detection.

The Aggressive Posterior Retinopathy of Prematurity (AP-ROP) is the major cause of blindness for premature infants. The automatic diagnosis method has become an important tool for detecting AP-ROP. However, most existing automatic diagnosis methods were with heavy complexity, which hinders the development of the detecting devices.

LAC-GAN: Lesion attention conditional GAN for Ultra-widefield image synthesis.

Automatic detection of retinal diseases based on deep learning technology and Ultra-widefield (UWF) images plays an important role in clinical practices in recent years. However, due to small lesions and limited data samples, it is not easy to train a detection-accurate model with strong generalization ability. In this paper, we propose a lesion attention conditional generative adversarial network (LAC-GAN) to synthesize retinal images with realistic lesion details to improve the training of the disease detection model.

Aquaporin 11 alleviates retinal Müller intracellular edema through water efflux in diabetic retinopathy.

Retinal Müller glial dysfunction and intracellular edema are important mechanisms leading to diabetic macular edema (DME). Aquaporin 11 (AQP11) is primarily expressed in Müller glia with unclear functions. This study aims to explore the role of AQP11 in the pathogenesis of intracellular edema of Müller glia in diabetic retinopathy (DR).

Sonographic features of secondary involvement of skin and subcutaneous tissues by hematologic malignancies.

Objectives: To evaluate the sonographic features of secondary involvement of skin and subcutaneous tissues by hematologic malignancies.

Methods: A review of the ultrasound and pathology databases yielded 10 cases with 13 skin and subcutaneous tissue lesions secondary to hematologic neoplasms, which were confirmed by pathology. We used ultrasound to assess the number, location, size, depth of involvement, echogenicity, and vascularity of the lesions.

Simple and Efficient Synthesis of Diamino Derivatives of bis-1,2,4-oxadiazole Tandem Staudinger/aza-Wittig Reaction.

Unlabelled: Two efficient, scalable routes to bis-1,2,4-oxadiazole have been developed by tandem Staudinger/aza-Wittig reaction from the same starting material diaziglyoxime, isocyanates and triphenylphosphonium in good yields.

Background: Two convenient and efficient routes for synthesizing diamino derivatives of bis-1,2,4- oxadiazoles were described.

Objective: This study provides a simple protocol for the synthesis of bis-1,2,4-oxadiazoles.

RO4929097, a Selective γ-Secretase Inhibitor, Inhibits Subretinal Fibrosis Via Suppressing Notch and ERK1/2 Signaling in Laser-Induced Mouse Model.

Purpose: This study aimed to explore whether RO4929097 (RO), a specific γ-secretase inhibitor, could inhibit the subretinal fibrosis in laser-induced mouse model and the relevant molecular mechanisms.

Methods: Male C57BL/6J mice were used to produce choroidal neovascularization (CNV) and subretinal fibrosis by laser photocoagulation, and RO was administered intravitreally 1 day after laser induction. The sizes of CNV and subretinal fibrosis were measured and quantified in both 2D and 3D constructions.

Anti-VEGF reduces inflammatory features in macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion.

Aim: To investigate the anti-inflammatory effect of intravitreal injection of anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (anti-VEGF) in patients with macular edema secondary to retinal vein occlusion (RVO-ME).

Methods: Twenty-eight eyes from twenty-eight treatment-naïve patients (14 males and 14 females) with RVO-ME were included in this retrospective study. The retinal vein occlusion (RVO) was comprised of both central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO, =14) and branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO, =14).

Naked-eye chemosensor with high absolute fluorescence quantum yield for selective detection of Cu(II) and cell imaging.

The regulation of copper in the human body is important for the prevention of several diseases. Therefore, a rhodamine B-based chemosensor 1 that demonstrates substantial affinity and selectivity was synthesized for the fluorescence imaging of copper(II). In the presence of Cu, the chemosensor underwent a color change from colorless to amaranth that was visible to the naked eye, and the fluorescence intensity did not change when excess EDTA was added to the solution.

Secreted in a Type III Secretion System-Dependent Manner, EsaH and EscE Are the Cochaperones of the T3SS Needle Protein EsaG of Edwardsiella piscicida.

The intracellular EscE protein tightly controls the secretion of the type III secretion system (T3SS) middle and late substrates in Edwardsiella piscicida. However, the regulation of secretion by EscE is incompletely understood. In this work, we reveal that EscE interacts with EsaH and EsaG.

Orf1B controls secretion of T3SS proteins and contributes to Edwardsiella piscicida adhesion to epithelial cells.

Edwardsiella piscicida is a Gram-negative enteric pathogen that causes hemorrhagic septicemia in fish. The type III secretion system (T3SS) is one of its two most important virulence islands. T3SS protein EseJ inhibits E.