Rice transcription factor bHLH25 confers resistance to multiple diseases by sensing HO.

Hydrogen peroxide (HO) is a ubiquitous signal regulating many biological processes, including innate immunity, in all eukaryotes. However, it remains largely unknown that how transcription factors directly sense HO in eukaryotes. Here, we report that rice basic/helix-loop-helix transcription factor bHLH25 directly senses HO to confer resistance to multiple diseases caused by fungi or bacteria.

The Application of Nucleic Acid Nanomaterials in the Treatment of Mitochondrial Dysfunction.

Mitochondrial dysfunction is considered highly related to the development and progression of diseases, including cancer, metabolism disturbance, and neurodegeneration. Traditional pharmacological approach for mitochondrial dysfunction treatment has off-target and dose-dependent side effects, which leads to the emergence of mitochondrial gene therapy by regulating coding or noncoding genes by using nucleic acid sequences such as oligonucleotides, peptide nucleic acids, rRNA, siRNA, etc. To avoid size heterogeneity and potential cytotoxicity of the traditional delivery vehicle like liposome, framework nucleic acids have shown promising potentials.

Application of Ultrasonic Intelligent Imaging in L-Selectin Regulating Embryo Implantation in Mongolian Sheep Endometrium.

In order to explore the practical application of ultrasonic imaging in the pregnancy stage of Mongolian sheep and the role of L-selectin in the embryo implantation process of Mongolian sheep, this paper systematically observed the early embryonic development by B-mode ultrasonic imaging wave diagnostic instrument with 5 MHz rectal probe and detected the expression of sLex and L-selectin in embryonic cells (jar cells) and endometrial cells (RL95-2 cells) by immunoassay to show the role of L-selectin in embryonic adhesion. The results were as follows: the correct rate of fetal sex determination by ultrasound imaging increased with the increase of pregnancy days and reached 93% at 84 days; sLex/L-selectin on the surface of Jar/RL95-2 cells is involved in the adhesion between embryo and endometrium; and when the concentration of L-selectin was 30 g/ml, the implantation success rate of fertilized eggs and embryos was the highest, reaching 95%. It is proved that ultrasonic intelligent imaging exploration can summarize the imaging characteristics of the early development law of sheep fetus, which provides a basis for B-ultrasound to monitor fetal growth and predict fetal age.

The PGS1 basic helix-loop-helix protein regulates Fl3 to impact seed growth and grain yield in cereals.

Plant transcription factors (TFs), such as basic helix-loop-helix (bHLH) and AT-rich zinc-binding proteins (PLATZ), play critical roles in regulating the expression of developmental genes in cereals. We identified the bHLH protein TaPGS1 (T. aestivum Positive Regulator of Grain Size 1) specifically expressed in the seeds at 5-20 days post-anthesis in wheat.

Discovery of broad-spectrum fungicides that block septin-dependent infection processes of pathogenic fungi.

Many pathogenic fungi depend on the development of specialized infection structures called appressoria to invade their hosts and cause disease. Impairing the function of fungal infection structures therefore provides a potential means by which diseases could be prevented. In spite of this extraordinary potential, however, relatively few anti-penetrant drugs have been developed to control fungal diseases, of either plants or animals.

Effect of Ferrule Thickness on Fracture Resistance of Endodontically Treated Incisors Restored with Fiber Post and Metal Crown.

Purpose: To assess the influence of ferrule thickness on the fracture resistance and failure mode of endodontically treated bovine incisors and to predict the long-term prognosis, as well as choose the most suitable clinical treatment, for teeth with different ferrule thicknesses.

Materials And Methods: A total of 50 endodontically treated bovine incisors were restored with quartz fiber posts and metal crowns and separated into five groups (n = 10 each): no ferrule (group A); 0.5-mm-thick ferrule (group B); 1.

Sclerenchyma cell thickening through enhanced lignification induced by OsMYB30 prevents fungal penetration of rice leaves.

Broad-spectrum resistance is highly preferred in crop breeding programmes. Previously, we have reported the identification of the broad-spectrum resistance-Digu 1 (bsr-d1) allele from rice Digu. The bsr-d1 allele prevents activation of Bsr-d1 expression by Magnaporthe oryzae infection and degradation of H O by peroxidases, leading to resistance to M.

An alternative approach to transalveolar sinus elevation for the placement of multiple implants.

Traditional approaches to sinus floor elevation for dental implant placement have limitations. This technical report describes a modified transalveolar method of elevating the sinus membrane when 2 or more implants are placed simultaneously in a maxillary posterior area where the residual bone height is insufficient. With a narrow osteotomy connecting drilled holes, the Schneiderian membrane can be directly elevated with curettes as with the lateral approach, resulting in a reduced risk of perforation.

Effect of LOCATOR attachments with different retentive forces on the stability of 2-implant-retained mandibular overdenture.

Statement Of Problem: The LOCATOR system has been widely used for 2-implant-retained mandibular overdentures (2-MOs), but the influence of different LOCATOR attachments on the stability of 2-MOs has not been assessed.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the stability of 2-MOs anchored by LOCATOR attachments with different retentive forces.

Material And Methods: An edentulous mandibular test cast with 2 bone-level implants inserted in the left and right mandibular canine regions was used.

CAD-CAM-fabricated interim fixed complete-arch implant-supported restorations based on the existing dentition.

An interim restoration is often used to assess the patient's functional and esthetic needs for implant-supported complete-arch fixed prostheses. A digital protocol for accurately transferring information from the existing dentition to the interim restoration is required. The purpose of this clinical report was to describe a digital workflow to fabricate an interim fixed restoration by using the vertical dimension of occlusion and occlusal relationship from the original dentition to provide an accurate, efficient, and predictable computer-aided design and computer-aided manufacturing (CAD-CAM) interim complete-arch implant-supported restoration.

A single transcription factor promotes both yield and immunity in rice.

Plant immunity often penalizes growth and yield. The transcription factor Ideal Plant Architecture 1 (IPA1) reduces unproductive tillers and increases grains per panicle, which results in improved rice yield. Here we report that higher IPA1 levels enhance immunity.

Internal adaptation of cobalt-chromium posts fabricated by selective laser melting technology.

Statement Of Problem: Selective laser melting (SLM) has become popular in prosthetic dentistry. However, only limited information is available for the internal adaptation of cobalt-chromium (Co-Cr) posts fabricated by SLM.

Purpose: The purpose of this in vitro study was to investigate the internal adaptation of Co-Cr metal posts fabricated by SLM technique.

Effect of implant number on the movement of mandibular implant-supported overdentures under biting force: An in-vitro study.

Objective: Many studies have investigated the effect of implant number on the performance of implant-supported overdentures (ISO), but few have focused on denture movement. This in-vitro study aims to investigate the influence of implant number on the movement of mandibular ISO under biting force.

Method And Materials: An edentulous mandibular cast and 12 overdentures (n = 12) were fabricated, and a locator attachment system with blue nylon inserts was chosen for this study.

Landmark-Independent Method to Determine Midsagittal Plane and Its Clinical Application in Craniomaxillofacial Trauma.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to explore new landmark-independent methods suitable for determining the midsagittal plane (MSP) in patients with craniomaxillofacial trauma and its clinical application.

Materials And Methods: Preoperative spiral computed tomography data of 25 patients with craniomaxillofacial trauma were imported into Mimics software (Materialise, Leuven, Belgium) to reconstruct 3-dimensional skull models. In the experimental group, the MSP was determined by different landmarks that were clear, were scattered, and did not have displacement according to the types of fractures.

An All-Zirconia Crown Discovered 2 Years Following Aspiration.

Accidental aspiration or ingestion can occur in dental treatment, as most procedures are performed with the patient in a supine position or semi-recumbent position. Aspiration of foreign bodies commonly causes acute symptoms such as violent coughing, choking, and dyspnea; however, if foreign bodies are stuck distally to the lower lobe bronchi or the bronchus intermedius, acute presentation can be rare. This clinical report documents a 68-year-old male patient who accidentally aspirated an all-zirconia crown during the try-in procedure.

Practice-based preclinical instruction for gingival displacement with animal models.

Statement Of Problem: Gingival displacement is recognized as a substantive and difficult procedure in fixed prosthodontics. However, a realistic simulation of gingival displacement is unavailable for preclinical dental students.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate whether practice-based preclinical instruction of gingival displacement with animal models could improve students' skill in patient care.

Numerical and experimental study of capillary-driven flow of PCR solution in hybrid hydrophobic microfluidic networks.

Capillary-driven microfluidics is essential for development of point-of-care diagnostic micro-devices. Polymerase chain reaction (PCR)-based micro-devices are widely developed and used in such point-of-care settings. It is imperative to characterize the fluid parameters of PCR solution for designing efficient capillary-driven microfluidic networks.

Retrospective Study on Multidrug-Resistant Bacterium Infections After Rigid Internal Fixation of Mandibular Fracture.

Purpose: To retrospectively investigate infection by multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) after rigid internal fixation (RIF) of mandibular fracture and determine risk factors and cure methods.

Patients And Methods: From 2009 through 2014, 933 patients with mandibular fracture were enrolled in the study. Fifteen variables were statistically analyzed using univariate and multivariate logistic regression methods to investigate risk factors for MDRB infection after RIF of mandibular fracture.

The Influence of Particle Shapes on Strength and Damage Properties of Metal Matrix Composites.

The influence of the distribution of particle shapes, locations and orientations on the mechanical behavior of the particle reinforced Metal-Matrix Composite (MMC) is studied through finite element (FE) method under different loading conditions in this investigation. The FE-model with multi-particle is generated through the random sequential adsorption algorithm, with the particles treated respectively as elastic-brittle circular, regular octagon and hexagon and square shape. Ductile failure in metal matrix, brittle fracture of particles and interface debonding are taken into account during the simulations.

Demonstration of osteocytic perilacunar/canalicular remodeling in mice during lactation.

Osteoclasts are thought to be solely responsible for the removal of bone matrix. However, we show here that osteocytes can also remove bone matrix by reversibly remodeling their perilacunar/canalicular matrix during the reproductive cycle. In contrast, no osteocytic remodeling was observed with experimental unloading despite similar degrees of bone loss.

Determination of L-tetrahydropalmatine in human plasma by HPLC and pharmacokinetics of its disintegrating tablets in healthy Chinese.

The objective of the study was to establish an HPLC method for the determination of L: -tetrahydropalmatine in human plasma, and to investigate the pharmacokinetics after oral administration of L: -tetrahydropalmatine disintegrating tablets in healthy Chinese. L: -tetrahydropalmatine in human plasma was separated on a Phenomenex luna C(18) column (250 mm × 4.6 mm, 5 μm), eluted using methanol-water (75:25, v/v) as mobile phase, and detected by photodiode array detector at a wavelength of 281 nm.

Effect of a differently tilted angle of mandibular premolar on fracture resistance of 3 postcore restorations.

Objective: The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect of differently tilted mandibular premolars on fracture resistance of 3 postcore restorations.

Methods: Seventy-five extracted human mandibular premolars were simulated to 5 different tilted angles: lingually tilted (LT) 30° and 15°, 0°, and buccally tilted (BT) 15° and 30°, and restored with custom-made metal postcore (CMPC), prefabricated fiber postcore (PFPC), or custom-made fiber postcore (CFPC). Then, a 30° oblique load was applied with a crosshead speed of 1 mm/min to the restoration.

Overexpression of Bax inhibitor-1 (BI-1) induces cell transformation in NIH3T3 cells.

BI-1 (Bax inhibitor-1), an apoptosis-inhibiting gene belonging to the Bcl-2 protein family, plays an important role in mitochondrial apoptosis pathway to suppress Bax-induced apoptosis. To investigate the potential role of BI-1 in promoting cell growth and tumorigenesis, in the present study we overexpressed the BI-1 gene in NIH3T3 cells using the lentivirus-mediated gene expression system. Our in vitro studies showed that NIH3T3 cells overexpressing BI-1 displayed a significantly higher growth rate and formed more and larger colonies than the control cells.

Mechanical induction of PGE2 in osteocytes blocks glucocorticoid-induced apoptosis through both the β-catenin and PKA pathways.

Glucocorticoids are known to induce osteocyte apoptosis, whereas mechanical loading has been shown to sustain osteocyte viability. Here we show that mechanical loading in the form of fluid-flow shear stress blocks dexamethasone-induced apoptosis of osteocyte-like cells (MLO-Y4). Prostaglandin E(2) (PGE(2) ), a rapidly induced signaling molecule produced by osteocytes, was shown to be protective against dexamethasone-induced apoptosis, whereas indomethacin reversed the antiapoptotic effects of shear stress.