Binaphthyl-based chiral covalent organic frameworks for chiral drug separation.

Separation of racemic drugs is of great importance and interest in chemistry and pharmacology. Here, we report the bottom-up synthesis of the binaphthyl-based chiral covalent organic frameworks (CCOFs), (R)-BHTP-COF. Then, high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) columns were prepared using (R)-BHTP-COF as a chiral stationary phase (CSP).

Sintilimab in Patients with Previously Treated Metastatic Neuroendocrine Neoplasms.

Background: Neuroendocrine neoplasms (NENs) are a group of diseases that show high heterogeneity but have limited treatment options. This phase I study evaluated the safety and efficacy of sintilimab, anti-PD-1 monoclonal antibody, in treating advanced NENs.

Methods: We prospectively enrolled patients pathologically diagnosed with NENs after standard treatment failure.

The Upregulation of PLXDC2 Correlates with Immune Microenvironment Characteristics and Predicts Prognosis in Gastric Cancer.

Tumor microenvironment (TME) has been demonstrated to exhibit a regulatory effect on the progressions of gastric cancer (GC). However, the related functions of stromal and immune components (TME-associated genes) in TME remain largely unclear. From the TCGA dataset, we downloaded the clinical data of 375 GC cases and then estimated the percentage of tumor-infiltrating immunocytes (TICs) and the levels of immune and stromal constituents by the use of CIBERSORT and ESTIMATE tolls.

Clinicopathological and prognostic significance of Fusobacterium nucleatum infection in colorectal cancer: a meta-analysis.

This study aimed to clarify the relationship between F. nucleatum levels and the prognosis of CRC, which is still controversial. Relevant articles were searched on PubMed, Web of Science, PMC and Embase up to April 7, 2020.

Effects of lifestyle interventions on rural patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Background: The prevalence of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is rising rapidly in rural areas, and lifestyle interventions can effectively reduce the blood glucose levels of patients with T2DM. However, current dietary and exercise guidelines are still at experimental stages and are difficult for subjects to understand and implement. The Human Metabolism Analyzer provides real life interventions for the prevention and treatment of T2DM, and our pilot research has demonstrated its effectiveness and good compliance.

Omega-3PUFA Attenuates MNU-Induced Colorectal Cancer in Rats by Blocking PI3K/AKT/Bcl-2 Signaling.

Background: Omega 3 polyunsaturated fatty acid (Omega-3PUFA) is one of the essential nutrients for human body involved in intracellular metabolic regulation and cell signaling. Previous studies have shown that Omega-3PUFA is involved in the pathogenesis of digestive system tumors, including colorectal cancer (CRC), however, the effects of Omega-3PUFA on CRC has not been fully elucidated. In the current study, we evaluated whether Omega-3PUFA can alleviate N-methyl-N-nitrosourea(MNU) induced CRC in a rat model and illustrated the potential mechanism.

Survey and analysis of the nutritional status in hospitalized patients with malignant gastric tumors and its influence on the quality of life.

Background/objectives: The assessment of nutritional status and the quality of life in patients with gastric cancer has become one of the important goals of current clinical treatment. The purpose of this study was to assess the nutritional status in hospitalized gastric cancer patients by using patient-generated subjective global assessment (PG-SGA) and to analyze the influence of nutritional status on the patients' quality of life (QOL).

Methods: We reviewed the pathological diagnosis of gastric cancer for 2322 hospitalized patients using PG-SGA to assess their nutritional status and collected data on clinical symptoms, the anthropometric parameters (height, weight, body mass index (BMI), mid-arm circumference (MAC), triceps skin-fold thickness (TSF), and hand-grip strength (HGS).

Enhanced water solubility, antioxidant activity, and oral absorption of hesperetin by D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate and phosphatidylcholine.

Hesperetin, an abundant bioactive component of citrus fruits, is poorly water-soluble, resulting in low oral bioavailability. We developed new formulations to improve the water solubility, antioxidant activity, and oral absorption of hesperetin. Two nano-based formulations were developed, namely hesperetin-TPGS (D-α-tocopheryl polyethylene glycol 1000 succinate) micelles and hesperetin-phosphatidylcholine (PC) complexes.

Determinants and nutritional assessment value of hand grip strength in patients hospitalized with cancer.

Background And Objectives: Hand grip strength (HGS) has emerged as a predictor of the nutritional status. However, many factors may modify the malnutrition-HGS association. This study explored the nutritional assessment value and determinants of HGS in patients hospitalized with cancer.

Warburg effect or reverse Warburg effect? A review of cancer metabolism.

Cancer is a major threat to human health. A considerable amount of research has focused on elucidating the nature of cancer from its pathogenesis to treatment and prevention. Tumor cell metabolism has been considered a hallmark of cancer.

Heterogeneity research in muscle-invasive bladder cancer based on differential protein expression analysis.

The aim of this study was to study the expression profiles of muscle-invasive bladder cancer (MIBC) cells of different risk groups and to explore the crucial role of biological pathway change in heterogeneity of MIBC cells. Thirty individual samples (cancer and non-cancerous specimens) were obtained from patients with MIBC. Laser capture microdissection was employed to harvest the homogeneous MIBC cells and normal urothelial cells.

Far from resolved: stromal cell-based iTRAQ research of muscle-invasive bladder cancer regarding heterogeneity.

The aim of the present study was to globally characterize the cancer stroma expression profile of muscle-invasive bladder cancer in different metastatic risk groups and to discuss the decisive role of biological pathway change in cancer heterogeneity. Laser capture microdissection was employed to harvest purified muscle-invasive bladder cancer stromal cells derived from 30 clinical samples deriving from 3 different metastatic risk groups. Isobaric tags for relative and absolute quantitation (iTRAQ) and two-dimensional liquid chromatography tandem mass spectrometry (2D LC-MS/MS) were used to identify the differentially expressed proteins.

Molecular biomarkers of colorectal cancer: prognostic and predictive tools for clinical practice.

Colorectal cancer remains one of the most common types of cancer and leading causes of cancer death worldwide. Although we have made steady progress in chemotherapy and targeted therapy, evidence suggests that the majority of patients undergoing drug therapy experience severe, debilitating, and even lethal adverse drug events which considerably outweigh the benefits. The identification of suitable biomarkers will allow clinicians to deliver the most appropriate drugs to specific patients and spare them ineffective and expensive treatments.

Differential protein expression during colonic adaptation in ultra-short bowel rats.

Aim: To investigate the proteins involved in colonic adaptation and molecular mechanisms of colonic adaptation in rats with ultra-short bowel syndrome (USBS).

Methods: Sprague Dawley rats were randomly assigned to three groups: USBS group (10 rats) undergoing an approximately 90%-95% small bowel resection; sham-operation group (10 rats) undergoing small bowel transaction and anastomosis; and control group (ten normal rats). Colon morphology and differential protein expression was analyzed after rats were given post-surgical enteral nutrition for 21 d.

Primary gastric signet ring cell carcinoma presenting as cardiac tamponade.

Primary gastric signet ring cell carcinoma presenting as cardiac tamponade is difficult to diagnosis early. Patients are generally asymptomatic until the disease is advanced. General practitioners usually focus on the initial symptoms related to pericarditis and pericardial effusion.

[Apoptosis resistance induced by leptin and its mechanism in breast cancer cells].

Objective: To explore the apoptosis resistance induced by Leptin and its mechanism in breast cancer cells in vitro.

Methods: The leptin-mediated reduction of docetaxel-induced apoptosis in human breast cancer T47D cells was evaluated by TransAM ELISA, MTT and caspase-9 assay. The leptin-promoted survivin expression was analyzed by Western-blot and RT-PCR.

Dammarane-type saponins from Panax quinquefolium and their inhibition activity on human breast cancer MCF-7 cells.

A new compound, named quinquefoloside-L(c) (1), together with nine known compounds, was isolated from leaves of Panax quinquefolium, and its structure was elucidated as 3beta,12beta, 20S-trihydroxy-25-methoxydammar-23-ene 3-O-beta-D-glucopyranosyl (1-->2)beta-D-glucopyranosyl-20-O-beta-D-xylopyanosyl (1-->6) beta-D-glucopyranoside (1), on the basis of MS, 1D-and 2D-NMR experiments as well as by chemical degradation. The cytotoxicity of these compounds against human breast cancer MCF-7 cell line was also tested by MTT method.

[Intestinal mucosal barrier dysfunction after abdominal operation and its clinical significance].

Objective: To investigate the plasma glutamine (Gln) level and relationships between the intestinal mucosal permeability and bacterial translocation and between bacterial translocation and systemic inflammatory response syndrome (SIRS) after abdominal operation.

Methods: The peripheral blood was collected from 42 patients before and 2 and 7 days after elective abdominal operation. The plasma Gln concentration and lactulose/mannitol (L/M) ratio were measured and the whole blood bacterial DNA concentration was determined by polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Differences in shotgun protein expression profile between superficial bladder transitional cell carcinoma and normal urothelium.

This study was undertaken to identify differences in protein expression profiles between superficial bladder transitional cell carcinoma (BTCC) and normal urothelial cells. We used laser capture microdissection (LCM) to harvest purified cells, and used two-dimensional liquid chromatography (2D-LC) followed by electrospray ionization-tandem mass spectrometry (ESI-MS/MS) to separate and identify the peptide mixture. A total of 440/438 proteins commonly appeared in 4 paired specimens.

Estrogen receptor alpha variant ERalpha46 mediates growth inhibition and apoptosis of human HT-29 colon adenocarcinoma cells in the presence of 17beta-oestradiol.

Background: Estrogen is involved in suppression of colon cancer development and exerts its function via estrogen receptors alpha and beta (ERalpha, ERbeta). The recently identified ERalpha46 resulted from exon 1-deletion from the 66-kDa full length form of ERalpha66 is devoid of the transactivation domain AF-1, whose function remains largely unknown.

Methods: In this study, we compared the expression of ERalpha46 mRNA in 32 normal colorectal tissues and their matched colorectal cancer tissues by real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (PCR).

Structure elucidation and complete NMR spectral assignments of two new dammarane-type tetraglycosides from Panax quinquefolium.

Two new saponins were isolated from leaves of Panax quinquefolium and their structures were elucidated as 3beta, 12beta, 20S-trihydroxy-25-methoxydammar-23-ene 3-O-{[beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-20-O-[alpha-L-arabinopyranosyl(1-->6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1) and 3beta, 20S-dihydroxy-12beta, 23R-epoxydammar-24-ene 3-O-{[beta-D-glucopyranosyl(1-->2)-beta-D-glucopyranosyl]-20-O-[beta-D-xylopyanosyl(1-->6)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (2) on the basis of (1)D and (2)D NMR (including (1)H, (13)C-NMR, (1)H-(1)H COSY, HSQC, TOCSY, HMBC, and NOESY), ESI-MS spectrometry and chemical methods.

[The influence of virtual reality both on biology experiment and teaching].

Based on the characters of virtual laboratory of biology and bioinformation, this article suggested that the development of the technique would lead to great influence and reform on both the experiments of biology and its teaching. Furthermore, the technique had an important impact on the traditional studies in Biology and its thinking model of students.

[Protective effect of glutamine on intestinal barrier function in patients receiving chemotherapy].

Objective: To study the protective effect of glutamine (Gln) on intestinal permeability in patients receiving chemotherapy.

Methods: Thirty-nine patients with gastrointestinal cancer after operation were randomly divided into Gln and control groups, and received oral administration of glutamine (30 g/d) for 7 days (n=22) or not (n=17). All patients received CF+ 5-FU chemotherapy for 5 days.