Surface Reconstruction of High-Voltage LiNiMnO Cathode via the Sculpture Method toward Enhanced Stability.

High-voltage LiNiMnO (LNMO) cathodes suffer from severe capacity degradation during long-term cycling due the manganese dissolution and their high operating voltage (∼4.95 V), which pose serious challenges at the surface or interface. Moreover, both traditional ion-doping and passivation layer coating are difficult to apply consistently to LNMO cathode because of their complicated procedures, especially in large-scale production.

Failure of Lithium-Ion Batteries Accelerated by Gravity.

The safety concerns surrounding lithium-ion batteries (LIBs) have garnered increasing attention due to their potential to endanger lives and incur significant financial losses. However, the origins of battery failures are diverse, presenting significant challenges in developing safety measures to mitigate accidental catastrophes. In this study, the aging mechanism of LiNiCoMnO||graphite-based cylindrical 18,650 LIBs stored at room temperature for two years was investigated.

Sub-millisecond lithiothermal synthesis of graphitic meso-microporous carbon.

Porous carbons with concurrently high specific surface area and electronic conductivity are desirable by virtue of their desirable electron and ion transport ability, but conventional preparing methods suffer from either low yield or inferior quality carbons. Here we developed a lithiothermal approach to bottom-up synthesize highly meso-microporous graphitized carbon (MGC). The preparation can be finished in a few milliseconds by the self-propagating reaction between polytetrafluoroethylene powder and molten lithium (Li) metal, during which instant ultra-high temperature (>3000 K) was produced.

High quality holographic 3D display with enhanced focus cues based on multiple directional light reconstruction.

Holographic display faces the trade-off between image quality and focus cues, resulting from the specific choice of phase distribution. In this Letter, we propose a speckle-free holographic display with enhanced focus cues by multiple directional light reconstruction. The uniform phase hologram is first generated by the gradient descent optimization algorithm.

Lens array-based holographic 3D display with an expanded field of view and eyebox.

Conventional spatial light modulator (SLM)-based holographic 3D display faces limited field of view (FOV) and eyebox, due to its limited pixel number. In this paper, a lens array is used to expand the FOV and eyebox of an SLM-based holographic display. The hologram is calculated to reconstruct a 3D sub-image array, each sub-image corresponding to a specific perspective of the 3D object.

Oriented Gradient Doping of Zirconium in Ni-Rich Cathode to Achieve Ultrahigh Stability and Rate Capability.

Ni-rich layered oxide materials exhibit great prospects for practical applications in lithium-ion batteries due to their high specific capacity. However, the poor cycling performance and suboptimal rate performance have caused obstacles for their widespread application. Herein, we developed a gradient Zr element doping method based on the bulk gradient concentration of Ni-rich layered oxide material to reinforce the cycle stability and rate performance of the cathode.

Universality of Benzoquinone-based Anodes toward Various Metal Cations in Aqueous Rechargeable Batteries.

The poly(2,5-dihydroxy-1,4-benzoquinone-3,6-methylene) (denoted as PDBM) capable of reversible coordination/uncoordination with both mono- and multivalent cations in aqueous electrolytes is desired to develop safe, sustainable, and cost-effective aqueous rechargeable batteries (ARBs). However, the comprehensive mechanism between the electrochemical performance of PDBM and properties of these metal cations is unclear. Herein, we initially demonstrate the universality of PDBM to reversibly coordinate/uncoordinate with various cations (Na, Mg, Ca, Zn, Al, ) with high specific capacities (>200 mA h g), high rate capabilities (∼20 C), and long cycling life (5000 cycles).

Cross talk-free retinal projection display based on a holographic complementary viewpoint array.

In near-eye displays (NEDs), retinal projection display (RPD) is one kind of promising technology to alleviate the vergence-accommodation conflict (VAC) issue due to its always-in-focus feature. Viewpoint replication is widely used to enlarge the limited eyebox. However, the mismatch between viewpoint interval and eye pupil diameter will cause the inter-viewpoint cross talk when multiple viewpoints enter the pupil simultaneously.

Reducing crosstalk of a multi-plane holographic display by the time-multiplexing stochastic gradient descent.

Multi-plane reconstruction is essential for realizing a holographic three-dimensional (3D) display. One fundamental issue in conventional multi-plane Gerchberg-Saxton (GS) algorithm is the inter-plane crosstalk, mainly caused by the neglect of other planes' interference in the process of amplitude replacement at each object plane. In this paper, we proposed the time-multiplexing stochastic gradient descent (TM-SGD) optimization algorithm to reduce the multi-plane reconstruction crosstalk.

Lensless phase-only holographic retinal projection display based on the error diffusion algorithm.

Holographic retinal projection display (RPD) can project images directly onto the retina without any lens by encoding a convergent spherical wave phase with the target images. Conventional amplitude-type holographic RPD suffers from strong zero-order light and conjugate. In this paper, a lensless phase-only holographic RPD based on error diffusion algorithm is demonstrated.

Simultaneous multi-channel near-eye display: a holographic retinal projection display with large information content.

Augmented reality (AR) near-eye displays (NEDs) are emerging as the next-generation display platform. The existing AR NED only present one single video channel at a time, same as traditional media such as TVs and smartphones. In this Letter, to the best of our knowledge, we propose for the first time a multi-channel holographic retinal projection display (RPD), which can provide multi-channel image sources simultaneously, thus greatly increasing the information content.

Synergistic and capacitance effects in nanocarbon based capacitor batteries designed for superior rate capability and long-cycle stability.

Existing lithium-ion batteries struggle to achieve high-rate discharge stability. To address this problem, this study combines resin-based carbon nanospheres with a double electric layer effect and cathode materials with lithium-ion intercalation/delithiation behavior to form a LiNiCoMnO/resin-based carbon-sphere hybrid electrode. For further improvement in electron contact and tap density, the size of the carbon nanospheres was controlled by changing the synthetic parameters, and a size-matched spatial structure model of each component within the hybrid electrode was constructed.

Conjugate wavefront encoding: an efficient eyebox extension approach for holographic Maxwellian near-eye display.

Conventional holographic display suffers from the conjugate light issue. In this Letter, we propose to efficiently extend the eyebox of holographic Maxwellian near-eye display by encoding the conjugate wavefront as the multiplication of plane wave phase with the target image. It is interesting that after being focused by the lens, the generated conjugate viewpoints also present erect virtual images with the same image quality as the signal viewpoints.

Lensless full-color holographic Maxwellian near-eye display with a horizontal eyebox expansion.

A lensless full-color holographic Maxwellian near-eye display using a single amplitude-type spatial light modulator is proposed in this Letter. The color holographic image is directly projected onto the retina without any eyepiece. The color crosstalk is clearly separated from the signal in the space owing to the encoded spherical wave and carrier wave.

Electrolyte Chemistry in 3D Metal Oxide Nanorod Arrays Deciphers Lithium Dendrite-Free Plating/Stripping Behaviors for High-Performance Lithium Batteries.

Lithium dendrite-free deposition is crucial to stabilizing lithium batteries, where the three-dimensional (3D) metal oxide nanoarrays demonstrate an impressive capability to suppress dendrite due to the spatial effect. Herein, we introduce a new insight into the ameliorated lithium plating process on 3D nanoarrays. As a paradigm, novel 3D CuO and Cu nanorod arrays were designed on copper foil.

Hybrid holographic Maxwellian near-eye display based on spherical wave and plane wave reconstruction for augmented reality display.

The holographic Maxwellian display is a promising technique for augmented reality (AR) display because it solves the vergence-accommodation conflict while presenting a high-resolution display. However, conventional holographic Maxwellian display has the inherent trade-off between depth of field (DOF) and image quality. In this paper, two types of holographic Maxwellian displays, the spherical wave type and the plane wave type, are proposed and analyzed.

Enhanced resolution of holographic stereograms by moving or diffusing a virtual pinhole array.

In this paper, two different display modes, the "pinhole mode" and the "lens mode" of the pinhole-type integral imaging (PII) based hologram are demonstrated by proper use of random phase. The performances of resolution, fill factor and image depth, of the two display modes are analyzed. Two different methods, the moving array lenslet technique (MALT) and the high-resolution elemental image array (EIA) encoding are introduced for the spatial resolution enhancement of the two display modes, respectively.

Direct surface coating of high voltage LiCoO cathode with P(VDF-HFP) based gel polymer electrolyte.

For high-voltage cycling of lithium-ion batteries, a gel polymer Li-ion conductor layer, P(VDF-HFP)/LiTFSI (PHL) with high electrochemical stability has been coated on the surfaces of as-formed LiCoO (LCO) cathodes by a solution-casting technique at low temperature. An LCO cathode coated with around 3 μm thickness of the PHL ultrathin membrane, retains 88.4% of its original capacity (184.

Optical Trapping with Focused Surface Waves.

Near-field optical trapping can be realized with focused evanescent waves that are excited at the water-glass interface due to the total internal reflection, or with focused plasmonic waves excited on the water-gold interface. Herein, the performance of these two kinds of near-field optical trapping techniques is compared using the same optical microscope configuration. Experimental results show that only a single-micron polystyrene bead can be trapped by the focused evanescent waves, whereas many beads are simultaneously attracted to the center of the excited region by focused plasmonic waves.

Carbon Nanotubes Coupled with Metal Ion Diffusion Layers Stabilize Oxide Conversion Reactions in High-Voltage Lithium-Ion Batteries.

Creating new architectures combined with super diverse materials for achieving more excellent performances has attracted great attention recently. Herein, we introduce a novel dual metal (oxide) microsphere reinforced by vertically aligned carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and covered with a titanium oxide metal ion-transfer diffusion layer. The CNTs penetrate the oxide particles and buffer structural volume change while enhancing electrical conductivity.

Tailoring the magnetic field induced by the first higher order mode of an optical fiber.

In this paper, according to the inverse Faraday effect (IFE), the amplitude, phase, polarization and field distribution of the first higher order mode of an optical fiber are tailored carefully, and a magnetic field with arbitrary orientation is generated in the focal region. Compared with traditional strategies to generate a magnetic field with arbitrary orientation, where the configurations are complicated and the components employed for the system are costly, the first higher order mode of a fiber, which has two lobes with opposite instantaneous electric fields, draws more attention for generating a magnetic field with arbitrary orientation. We believe that such an arbitrary orientation state of magnetic field can be applied in the field of confocal and magnetic resonance microscopy and spin dynamics, especially for the use of optical magnetic recording, where laser pulses are used to trigger the magnetization switching.

Single frontal projection autostereoscopic three-dimensional display using a liquid crystal lens array.

Frontal projection autostereoscopic three-dimensional (3D) display is a kind of excellent 3D display technique with large display size and efficient space utilization, especially suitable for the future glasses-free 3D cinema. In this paper, we propose a frontal projection autostereoscopic 3D display using a liquid crystal lens array (LCLA) and a quarter-wave retarding film. The LCLA acts as two roles, refraction and transparency, for different polarized light.

Crystal reconstruction of binary oxide hexagonal nanoplates: monocrystalline formation mechanism and high rate lithium-ion battery applications.

Structural design and/or carbon modification are the most important strategies to improve the performance of materials in many applications, where metal (oxide)-based anode design attracts great attention in metal ion batteries due to their high capacities. However, achieving these two goals within one-step remains challenging due to the lower cost and higher efficiency needed to satisfy the demand in practical application. Herein, we report a new approach for the crystal reconstruction of metal oxides by acetylene treatment, in which a hierarchical binary oxide decorated with carbon (i.