Identifying the Quantitative Trait Locus and Candidate Genes of Traits Related to Milling Quality in Rice via a Genome-Wide Association Study.

Milling quality directly affects production efficiency in rice, which is closely related to the brown rice recovery (BRR), the milled rice recovery (MRR) and the head milled rice recovery (HMRR). The present study investigated these three traits in 173 germplasms in two environments, finding abundant phenotypic variation. Three QTLs for BRR, two for MRR, and three for HMRR were identified in a genome-wide association study, five of these were identified in previously reported QTLs and three were newly identified.

Prediction of Thermo-Mechanical Properties of 8-Harness Satin-Woven C/C Composites by Asymptotic Homogenization.

The elasticity matrix and the coefficients of thermal expansion (CTEs) of 8-harness satin-woven (8HS) carbon-fiber-reinforced carbon matrix (C/C) composites at high temperatures were obtained by the asymptotic homogenization method (AHM) and finite element method (FEM). By analyzing the microstructure of the 8HS C/C composites, a representative volume element (RVE) model considering a braided structure was established. The effects of the temperature and component volume fraction on the elasticity matrix and CTEs of the composites were investigated.

QTL Detection and Candidate Gene Identification for Eating and Cooking Quality Traits in Rice ( L.) via a Genome-Wide Association Study.

The eating and cooking quality (ECQ) directly affects the taste of rice, being closely related to factors such as gelatinization temperature (GT), gel consistency (GC) and amylose content (AC). Mining the quantitative trait loci (QTLs), and gene loci controlling ECQ-related traits is vital. A genome-wide association study on ECQ-related traits was conducted, combining 1.

A Modified Bond-Associated Non-Ordinary State-Based Peridynamic Model for Impact Problems of Quasi-Brittle Materials.

In this work, we have developed a novel bond-associated non-ordinary state-based peridynamic (BA-NOSB PD) model for the numerical modeling and prediction of the impact response and fracture damage of quasi-brittle materials. First, the improved Johnson-Holmquist (JH2) constitutive relationship is implemented in the framework of BA-NOSB PD theory to describe the nonlinear material response, which also helps to eliminate the zero-energy mode. Afterwards, the volumetric strain in the equation of state is redefined by the introduction of the bond-associated deformation gradient, which can effectively improve the stability and accuracy of the material model.

A Bond-Based Peridynamic Model with Matrix Plasticity for Impact Damage Analysis of Composite Materials.

The prediction of damage and failure to fiber-reinforced polymer composites in extreme environments, particularly when subjected to impact loading, is a crucial issue for the application and design of protective structures. In this paper, based on the prototype microelastic brittle (PMB) model and the LaRC05 composite materials failure model, we proposed a bond-based peridynamic (BB-PD) model with the introduction of plastic hardening of the resin matrix for fiber-reinforced polymer composites. The PD constitutive relationships of the matrix bond and interlayer bond under compressive loading are considered to include two stages of linear elasticity and plastic hardening, according to the stress-strain relationship of the resin matrix in the LaRC05 failure model.

Numerical Simulation on Laser Shock Peening of BC-TiB Composite Ceramics.

The introduction of residual stresses using laser shock peening (LSP) is an effective means of improving the mechanical properties of ceramics. Numerical simulations offer greater convenience and efficiency than in-lab experiments when testing the effects of different processing techniques on residual stress distribution. In this work, a BC-TiB ceramic model based on the extended Drucker-Prager model was established to investigate the effects of laser power density, the number of impacts and laser spot overlapping rate on the residual stress distribution, and the reliability of the simulation method was verified by experimental data.

Thermo-Mechanical Coupling Model of Bond-Based Peridynamics for Quasi-Brittle Materials.

The mechanical properties of quasi-brittle materials, which are widely used in engineering applications, are often affected by the thermal condition of their service environment. Moreover, the materials appear brittle when subjected to tensile loading and show plastic characteristics under high pressure. These two phenomena manifest under different circumstances as completely different mechanical behaviors in the material.

Comparison of two methods in the treatment of congenital pseudarthrosis of clavicle: multicenter experience.

Background: Congenital pseudoarthrosis of the clavicle (CPC) is an uncommon entity. Owing to its scarce presentation, treatment of this disorder has not been well established. This study aimed (1) to compare surgical treatment methods that included excision of pseudoarthrosis and iliac crest bone graft and fixate with either the elastic stable intramedullary nail (ESIN) or K-wires or plate and screws, and (2) to assess the clinical outcomes of two different surgical methods.

Management strategies of pediatric ipsilateral olecranon with associated radial neck fractures based on multicenter experience.

Background: The ipsilateral olecranon with associated radial neck fractures does not include in the Bado classification of Monteggia fractures and equivalent lesions. The primary aims of this retrospective multicenter study were to characterize this type of injury and, noting its unique properties, evaluate the results of the treatment, determine the prognostic factors that influence the radiological and clinical outcome, and also give treatment strategies.

Methods: Between July 2011 and July 2016, forearm fracture patient charts were retrospectively reviewed from seven pediatric trauma centers.

Antifungal resistance-modifying multiplexing action of Momordica charantia protein and phosphorylated derivatives on the basis of growth-dependent gene coregulation in Candida albicans.

Unlabelled: Fungal growth-dependent gene coregulation is strongly implicated in alteration of gene-encoding target proteases ruling with an antifungal resistance niche and biology of resistant mutants. On the basis of multi-alterative processes in this platform, the resistance-modifying strategy is designed in ketoconazole resistant Candida albicans and evaluated with less selective Momordica charantia protein and allosterically phosphorylated derivatives at the Thr102, Thr24 and Thr255 sites, respectively. We demonstrate absolutely chemo-sensitizing efficacy regarding stepwise-modifying resistance in sensitivity, by a load of only 26.

Influence of Cu Content on the Microstructure and Mechanical Properties of Cr-Cu-N Coatings.

The Cr-Cu-N coatings with various Cu contents (0-25.18 (±0.17) at.

An Oxalyl-CoA Synthetase Is Involved in Oxalate Degradation and Aluminum Tolerance.

Acyl Activating Enzyme3 (AAE3) was identified to be involved in the catabolism of oxalate, which is critical for seed development and defense against fungal pathogens. However, the role of AAE3 protein in abiotic stress responses is unknown. Here, we investigated the role of rice bean (Vigna umbellata) VuAAE3 in Al tolerance.

Phase-coherent orthogonally polarized optical single sideband modulation with arbitrarily tunable optical carrier-to-sideband ratio.

We propose and experimentally verify a novel approach to achieve phase-coherence orthogonally polarized optical single sideband (OSSB) modulation with a tunable optically carrier-to-sideband ratio (OCSR). In our scheme, the orthogonally polarized OSSB signal is achieved using a dual-polarization quadrature phase shift keying (DP-QPSK) modulator without an optical band-pass filter (OBPF). Therefore, the proposed method is wavelength independent.

Andrographolide protects against lipopolysaccharide-induced vascular hyporeactivity by suppressing the expression of inducible nitric oxide in periaortic adipose.

This study investigated the role of perivascular adipose tissue (PVAT) in the beneficial effects of andrographolide on vascular reactivity in endotoxaemic rats. After being challenged by lipopolysaccharide (4 mg/kg intraperitoneally), the rats were treated with andrographolide (1 mg/kg intraperitoneally). The response to phenylephrine of aortic rings with or without PVAT was recorded.