Single-cell transcriptome sequencing reveals altered peripheral blood immune cells in patients with severe tuberculosis.

Tuberculosis is a serious global health burden, resulting in millions of deaths each year. Several circulating cell subsets in the peripheral blood are known to modulate the host immune response to Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) infection in different ways. However, the characteristics and functions of these subsets to varying stages of tuberculosis infection have not been well elucidated.

Effectiveness and safety of regimens containing linezolid for treatment of Mycobacterium abscessus pulmonary Disease.

Objective: To evaluate the effectiveness and safety of linezolid-containing regimens for treatment of M. abscessus pulmonary disease.

Methods: The records of 336 patients with M.

Efficacy and safety of an innovative short-course regimen containing clofazimine for treatment of drug-susceptible tuberculosis: a clinical trial.

In preclinical studies, a new antituberculosis drug regimen markedly reduced the time required to achieve relapse-free cure. This study aimed to preliminarily evaluate the efficacy and safety of this four-month regimen, consisting of clofazimine, prothionamide, pyrazinamide and ethambutol, with a standard six-month regimen in patients with drug-susceptible tuberculosis. An open-label pilot randomized clinical trial was conducted among the patients with newly diagnosed bacteriologically-confirmed pulmonary tuberculosis.

Clinical Features of Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease in the Yangtze River Delta of China: A Single-Center, Retrospective, Observational Study.

With increased focus on nontuberculous mycobacterial pulmonary disease (NTM-PD), and the improvement in detection methods, the global incidence continues to increase every year, but the diagnosis and treatment are difficult with a high misdiagnosis rate and poor curative effect. This study aimed to analyze the clinical indicators of different pathogenic NTM in the Yangtze River Delta. The study retrospectively analyzed the medical records of patients with NTM-PD, who resided in the Yangtze River Delta and were diagnosed using sputum or bronchial lavage fluid and hospitalized in Shanghai Pulmonary Hospital from March 2017 to February 2019.

Factors Associated with Treatment Outcome in Patients with Nontuberculous Mycobacterial Pulmonary Disease: A Large Population-Based Retrospective Cohort Study in Shanghai.

Infectious diseases caused by nontuberculous mycobacteria (NTM) are increasingly common. This retrospective cohort study examined factors associated with outcomes in patients from Shanghai who had NTM pulmonary disease (NTMPD) from January 2014 to December 2018. The causative bacterial species, drug susceptibility test results, treatment outcomes, sputum culture conversion rate, and risk factors associated with treatment failure were determined.

RETRACTED: LncRNA NEAT1 participates in inflammatory response in macrophages infected by mycobacterium tuberculosis through targeted regulation of miR-377-3p.

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LncRNA MEG3 control Mycobacterium Tuberculosis infection via controlled MiR-145-5p expression and modulation of macrophages proliferation.

Background: Mycobacterium tuberculosis (Mtb) is an intractable pathogen for humans to overcome. While as an important part of innate immunity, macrophages play an important role in resisting foreign pathogenic microorganisms, and it has been proved that there is a close relationship between macrophages and Mtb. In recent years, with the in-depth study of LncRNA, there have been crucial breakthroughs in the diagnosis and treatment of a number of diseases, and understanding the impact of LncRNA on Mtb may also be conducive to providing new therapeutic targets for tuberculosis prevention and treatment in the future.

Activation of Nrf2 signaling by oltipraz inhibits death of human macrophages with mycobacterium tuberculosis infection.

Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) infection can induce cytotoxicity to the host macrophages, promoting bacterial spread. We here tested the potential effect of oltipraz, a synthetic dithiolethione, in MTB-infected human macrophages. We show that oltipraz significantly inhibited MTB-induced death and apoptosis in human macrophages.

Cost-effectiveness analysis of Xpert in detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis: A systematic review.

Objectives: To report the cost-effectiveness of Xpert in detecting Mycobacterium tuberculosis (MTB) through a comprehensive systematic review.

Methods: Specialized bibliographic databases were searched. Study quality was evaluated by commonly-used industry standards.

Xanthohumol from L. potentiates the killing of and mitigates liver toxicity by the combination of isoniazid in mouse tuberculosis models.

Anti-tuberculosis drug induced hepatotoxicity is the main problem in tuberculosis patients. Xanthohumol, a major prenyl chalcone present in hops, has diverse biological activities including antibacterial and hepatoprotective activities. The present research aimed to investigate the combined effect of xanthohumol with isoniazid against -infected mice.

Effect and mechanism of long non-coding RNA ZEB2-AS1 in the occurrence and development of colon cancer.

: Clarify the expression changes, biological functions and related mechanisms of long non-coding RNA (lncRNA) ZEB2-AS1 in colon cancer tissues. : The expression levels of ZEB2-AS1 in colon cancer tissues and adjacent tissues were detected by qRT-PCR and in situ hybridization methods. Cell biology experiments were performed to detect the proliferation, migration and apoptosis of colon cancer cells when the level of ZEB2-AS1 was overexpression or silencing.

Z-Score Reference Ranges for the Offset of the Tricuspid Septal Leaflet in Normal Fetuses.

Objectives: To determine Z-score equations and reference ranges for mitral valve-tricuspid valve distance (MTD) and the MTD index in the fetal heart.

Methods: A prospective cross-sectional study was performed in 899 normal singleton fetuses from 14 to 40 weeks' gestation. The MTD and interventricular septum length (IVSL) were measured offline after electronic cardiac spatiotemporal image correlation volume acquisition.