Histone Lactylation-Driven Ubiquitin-Specific Protease 34 Promotes Cisplatin Resistance in Hepatocellular Carcinoma.

Background: Ubiquitin-specific protease 34 (USP34) is a deubiquitinase that has been shown to play a critical role in the process of tumor drug-resistance. The objective of this study was to investigate the role of USP34 in cisplatin resistance in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC).

Methods: Firstly, we analyzed the USP34 levels in cisplatin-sensitive and -resistant patients using The Cancer Genomic Atlas (TCGA) data from Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA2).

The Vagus Nerve Regulates Immunometabolic Homeostasis in the Ovine Fetus near Term: The Impact on Terminal Ileum.

Background: Glucosensing elements are widely distributed throughout the body and relay information about circulating glucose levels to the brain via the vagus nerve. However, while anatomical wiring has been established, little is known about the physiological role of the vagus nerve in glucosensing. The contribution of the vagus nerve to inflammation in the fetus is poorly understood.

Recording and manipulation of vagus nerve electrical activity in chronically instrumented unanesthetized near term fetal sheep.

Background: The chronically instrumented pregnant sheep has been used as a model of human fetal development and responses to pathophysiologic stimuli. This is due to the unique amenability of the unanesthetized fetal sheep to the surgical placement and maintenance of catheters and electrodes, allowing repetitive blood sampling, substance injection, recording of bioelectrical activity, application of electric stimulation, and in vivo organ imaging. Recently, there has been growing interest in the pleiotropic effects of vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) on various organ systems such as innate immunity and inflammation, and metabolism.

α7 Nicotinic Acetylcholine Receptor Signaling Modulates Ovine Fetal Brain Astrocytes Transcriptome in Response to Endotoxin.

Neuroinflammation may result in lifelong neurological disabilities. Astrocytes play a pivotal role in this process, but the mechanisms are poorly understood. No early postnatal treatment strategies exist to enhance neuroprotective potential of astrocytes.

[Assessing abundance and specificity of different types of sgRNA targeting miRNA precursors].

CRISPR/Cas technology enables efficient and specific editing the genome. Since different bacterial sources or artificially modified Cas9, as well as Cpf1 and other nucleases, recognize different PAMs (protospacer adjacent motifs), different gene editing nucleases may use different types of sgRNAs (small guide RNA). MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are a class of regulatory small non-coding RNAs.

Bioinformatic analysis of microRNA-mRNA expression profiles of bladder tissue induced by bladder outlet obstruction in a rat model.

Various microRNAs (miRNAs) have previously been demonstrated to exhibit an association with the process of bladder remodeling, induced by bladder outlet obstruction (BOO). However, little is known about miRNA and gene expression profiles and the molecular mechanism underlying bladder pathophysiological alterations. The present study used bioinformatic analysis technology to examine the altered miRNA and mRNA expression profiles of bladder tissue in a rat model of BOO and validate the involved signaling pathways.

Epigenetic Modification of the CCL5/CCR1/ERK Axis Enhances Glioma Targeting in Dedifferentiation-Reprogrammed BMSCs.

The success of stem cell-mediated gene therapy in cancer treatment largely depends on the specific homing ability of stem cells. We have previously demonstrated that after in vitro induction of neuronal differentiation and dedifferentiation, bone marrow stromal cells (BMSCs) revert to a primitive stem cell population (De-neu-BMSCs) distinct from naive BMSCs. We report here that De-neu-BMSCs express significantly higher levels of chemokines, and display enhanced homing abilities to glioma, the effect of which is mediated by the activated CCL5/CCR1/ERK axis.

[Relationship between retention PM and leaf surface AFM character of six greening trees during autumn in Beijing West Mountain].

This study investigated PM adsorption by leaves of six tree species (Pinus bungeana, Pinus tabuliformis, Salix babylonica, Acer mono, Ginkgo biloba, Populus davidiana) in the West Mountain of Beijing. An aerosol generator was used for quantitative determination of PM adsorption. Atomic force microscopy (AFM) was used to determine micro morphology characteristics on the leaf surface, including roughness parameters and the PM absorption mechanism of tree leaves.

Can Monitoring Fetal Intestinal Inflammation Using Heart Rate Variability Analysis Signal Incipient Necrotizing Enterocolitis of the Neonate?

Objective: Necrotizing enterocolitis of the neonate is an acute inflammatory intestinal disease that can cause necrosis and sepsis. Chorioamnionitis is a risk factor of necrotizing enterocolitis. The gut represents the biggest vagus-innervated organ.

Isolated Intramedullary Spinal Rosai-Dorfman Disease: A Case Report and Literature Review.

Background: Rosai-Dorfman disease (RDD) is a rare histioproliferative disorder that only occasionally involves the central nervous system.

Case Description: We present the diagnosis and treatment of an exceedingly rare case of isolated intramedullary spinal RDD that has been reported only 3 times previously. Moreover, it is the first time that intramedullary spinal RDD has been described in a child.

Vagus Nerve Stimulation for Treatment of Inflammation: Systematic Review of Animal Models and Clinical Studies.

Vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) has been used since 1997 for treatment of drug-resistant epilepsy. More recently, an off-label use of VNS has been explored in animal models and clinical trials for treatment of a number of conditions involving the innate immune system. The underlying premise has been the notion of the cholinergic antiinflammatory pathway (CAP), mediated by the vagus nerves.

Instrumentation of Near-term Fetal Sheep for Multivariate Chronic Non-anesthetized Recordings.

The chronically instrumented pregnant sheep has been used as a model of human fetal development and responses to pathophysiologic stimuli such as endotoxins, bacteria, umbilical cord occlusions, hypoxia and various pharmacological treatments. The life-saving clinical practices of glucocorticoid treatment in fetuses at risk of premature birth and the therapeutic hypothermia have been developed in this model. This is due to the unique amenability of the non-anesthetized fetal sheep to the surgical placement and maintenance of catheters and electrodes, allowing repetitive blood sampling, substance injection, recording of bioelectrical activity, application of electric stimulation and in vivo organ imaging.

Effect of maternal ketoacidosis on the ovine fetus.

Ketoacidosis during pregnancy carries significant risk of intrauterine fetal demise, but little is known about the impact of ketoacids on the ovine fetus. We report a case series of maternal ketoacidosis in ewes. Maternal ketoacidosis may result in biochemical and acid-base fetal abnormalities associated with changes in feto-placental unit perfusion.

Long noncoding RNAs expression profile of the developing mouse heart.

Long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) represent a sub-group of noncoding RNAs that are longer than 200 nucleotides. The characterization of lncRNAs and their acceptance as crucial regulators of numerous developmental and biological pathways have suggested that the lncRNA study has gradually become one of the hot topics in the field of RNA biology. Many lncRNAs show spatially and temporally restricted expression patterns during embryogenesis and organogenesis.

Overexpression of FABP3 promotes apoptosis through inducing mitochondrial impairment in embryonic cancer cells.

Fatty acid-binding protein 3 (FABP3) is a low-molecular-weight protein with a distinct tissue distribution that may play an important role in fatty acid transport, cell growth, cellular signaling, and gene transcription. Previously, we have found that FABP3 was involved in apoptosis-associated congenital cardiac malformations, but the underlying mechanisms have not yet been described. In the present study, we investigated the characteristics of mitochondrial dysfunction in embryonic cancer cells (P19 cells) that overexpressed FABP3.

Flavonoids: recent advances as anticancer drugs.

Flavonoids belong to polyphenolic secondary metabolites with broad-spectrum pharmacological activities and extensive biological effects, and the most prominent activity is their potential role as anticancer agents. In recent years, flavonoids and their synthetic analogues have been intensely investigated in the treatment of ovarian, breast, cervical, pancreatic, and prostate cancer. To some extent, chemical structures of flavonoids will influence their anticancer activities.