Phloem iron remodels root development in response to ammonium as the major nitrogen source.

Plants use nitrate and ammonium as major nitrogen (N) sources, each affecting root development through different mechanisms. However, the exact signaling pathways involved in root development are poorly understood. Here, we show that, in Arabidopsis thaliana, either disruption of the cell wall-localized ferroxidase LPR2 or a decrease in iron supplementation efficiently alleviates the growth inhibition of primary roots in response to NH as the N source.

Low-frequency electroacupuncture improves disordered hepatic energy metabolism in insulin-resistant Zucker diabetic fatty rats via the AMPK/mTORC1/p70S6K signaling pathway.

Background And Aim: Disordered hepatic energy metabolism is found in obese rats with insulin resistance (IR). There are insufficient experimental studies of electroacupuncture (EA) for IR and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). The aim of this study was to probe the effect of EA on disordered hepatic energy metabolism and the adenosine monophosphate (AMP)-activated protein kinase (AMPK)/mammalian target of rapamycin complex 1 (mTORC1)/ribosomal protein S6 kinase, 70-kDa (p70S6K) signaling pathway.

Automated detection and quantification of COVID-19 pneumonia: CT imaging analysis by a deep learning-based software.

Background: The novel coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) is an emerging worldwide threat to public health. While chest computed tomography (CT) plays an indispensable role in its diagnosis, the quantification and localization of lesions cannot be accurately assessed manually. We employed deep learning-based software to aid in detection, localization and quantification of COVID-19 pneumonia.

[Promoting tanshinone synthesis of Salvia miltiorrhiza root by a seed endophytic fungus, Phoma herbarum D603].

The interaction of endophytes and host plant is an effective mean to regulate the growth and secondary metabolism of medicinal plants. Here we want to elucidate the effects and mechanism of Phoma herbarum D603 on the root development and tanshinone synthesis in root of Salvia miltiorrhiza by endophyte-plant coculture system. The mycelium of P.

[Clinical therapeutic effect of hyperlipidemia of turbid phlegm obstruction pattern/syndrome treated with the different Jin's three-needle therapies].

Objective: To compare the differences in clinical effects on hyperlipidemia of turbid phlegm obstruction pattern/syndrome treated with the different Jin's three-needle therapies so as to provide a new approach and theoretic evidence for the clinical optimal scheme of acupuncture on hyperlipidemia.

Methods: A total of 90 patients were randomly divided into education group, electroacupuncture group and catgut embedding group (30 cases in each). The routine health education was given to the education group.

Inhibition of DNA demethylation enhances plant tolerance to cadmium toxicity by improving iron nutrition.

Although the alteration of DNA methylation due to abiotic stresses, such as exposure to the toxic metal cadmium (Cd), has been often observed in plants, little is known about whether such epigenetic changes are linked to the ability of plants to adapt to stress. Herein, we report a close linkage between DNA methylation and the adaptational responses in Arabidopsis plants under Cd stress. Exposure to Cd significantly inhibited the expression of three DNA demethylase genes ROS1/DML2/DML3 (RDD) and elevated DNA methylation at the genome-wide level in Col-0 roots.

Progressive study of the effect of superfine green tea, soluble tea, and tea polyphenols on the physico-chemical and structural properties of wheat gluten in noodle system.

In this study, the improving effects of green tea powder, soluble tea, and tea polyphenols on the mixing and tensile qualities of dough and texture of tea-enriched noodles, as well as the physico-chemical and structural properties of gluten proteins were progressively investigated. Dough strength and noodle texture were significantly increased by all the three tea products. Tea polyphenols in particular presented the most effective improvement with highest dough stability, resistance, and noodle chewiness.

Changes in Intestinal Microbiota of Type 2 Diabetes in Mice in Response to Dietary Supplementation With Instant Tea or Matcha.

Objective: Gut microbiota plays a key role in metabolism and health in diabetes patients with gastrointestinal microbiota dysbiosis. Thus, regulating the ecological balance of gut microbiota may provide a pathway toward improvement for these patients. Our previous study showed that functional ingredients in tea may inhibit cornstarch digestion in vitro.

[Progress of researches on mechanisms of acupuncture therapy for insulin resistance].

Insulin resistance (IR) is a common pathophysiological basis of many chronic diseases, such as obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), nonalcoholic fatty liver disease, cerebral vascular disease, cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases, etc. Acupuncture therapy has been demonstrated to have a positive role in reducing IR level in clinical practice. In the present paper, we summarized development of researches on the mechanism of acupuncture therapy underlying improvement of IR in recent 10 years from 1) regulating expression of hypothalamic phosphatidylinositol-3-kinase (PI3K)-p85 and PI3K-P110 proteins in obesity rats; 2) regulating the levels of some related proteins of insulin target tissues (liver and skeletal muscle), such as insulin receptor substrate-1 (IRS)-1 and -2, glucose transporter mRNAs and proteins, sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP-1) and fatty acid synthetase proteins; 3) suppressing inflammatory reaction of liver tissue and down-regulating serum adiponectin in T2DM rats; 4) raising the activity of superoxide dismutase (SOD) and reducing the levels of reactive oxygen species, and malondialdehyde (MDA) contents of quadriceps femoris in spontaneous IR rats; and 5) attenuating structural injury of pancreas islet and apoptosis of pancreatic β cells in diabetes rats.

[Eletroacupuncture improves lipid metabolic disorder by regulating hepatic AMPK/p38 MAPK/RRARγ signaling in rats with high-fat diet-induced insulin resistance].

Objective: To observe the effect of eletroacupuncture (EA) intervention on lipid metabolism and expression of AMP-activated kinase (AMPK), p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (p38 MAPK) and peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor γ (PPARγ) protein in the liver in rats with insulin resistance (IR), so as to reveal its mechanisms underlying improvement of IR.

Methods: Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into blank control, model, medication, and EA groups (＝8 in each). The IR model was established by feeding the rats with high-fat diet for 12 weeks.

Sulfide alleviates cadmium toxicity in Arabidopsis plants by altering the chemical form and the subcellular distribution of cadmium.

Several sulfur compounds are thought to play important roles in the plant tolerance to cadmium (Cd), but the role of inorganic sulfide in Cd tolerance remains largely unknown. In this study, we found that Cd exposure increased the accumulation of soluble sulfide in Arabidopsis plants. When exogenous sulfide, in the form of NaHS, was foliarly applied, Cd-induced growth inhibition and oxidative stress were alleviated.

[Effect of Eletroacupuncture Intervention on Insulin Resistance, Lipid Metabolic Disorder and Expression of Hepatic SREBP-1 c and Fatty Acid Synthase Proteins in Rats with Hyperlipidemia].

Objective: To observe the effect of electroacupuncture(EA) of "Fenglong" (ST 40) and "Sanyinjiao" (SP 6) on lipid metabolic disorder, insulin resistance (IR) and expression of sterol regulatory element blinding protein-1 (SREBP-1) c and fatty acid synthase (FAS) proteins in the liver tissue in hyperlipidemia rats with IR, so as to reveal its mechanisms underlying improvement of IR.

Methods: Forty male SD rats were randomly divided into blank control, model, medication and EA groups (＝8 in each group). The IR model was established by feeding the rat with high-fat diet.

[Acupoints Selection Exploring for Acupuncture Treatment of Insulin Resistance Based on Data Mining].

Objective: To analyze the characteristics and rules of acupoint selection for acupuncture treatment of insulin resistance.

Methods: Data collections were conducted by searching references on acupuncture treatment of insulin resistance in PubMed, CNKI, VIP data base from 1991 to 2016, and acupuncture prescription data base for acupuncture treatment of insulin resistance was established. Data mining was applied to analyze the characteristics and rules of acupoint selection.

Phosphate starvation promoted the accumulation of phenolic acids by inducing the key enzyme genes in Salvia miltiorrhiza hairy roots.

Phosphate starvation increased the production of phenolic acids by inducing the key enzyme genes in a positive feedback pathway in Saliva miltiorrhiza hairy roots. SPX may be involved in this process. Salvia miltiorrhiza is a wildly popular traditional Chinese medicine used for the treatment of coronary heart diseases and inflammation.

[Episodic central nervous system symptoms with reversible white matter involvement in Chinese patients with X-linked Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease and literatures review].

Objective: To analyze the phenotype and genotype of CMTX1 patients with episodic transient reversible white matter involvement, and delineate the features of brain MRI in the episode and the possible mechanisms.

Method: Three Chinese probands and their family members were sequenced in the coding regions of GJB1. With the other 16 reported CMTX1 patients with episodic transient reversible white matter involvement, the clinical feature of the episodic central nervous system symptoms and the genotypes were reviewed.

[The role of cellular retinol-binding protein-1 on pulmonary structural remodeling after rat myocardial infarction].

Objectives: To observe the expression of cellular retinol-binding protein-1 (CRBP-1) in pulmonary tissues after rat myocardial infarction (MI) and uncover the role of CRBP-1 on the pulmonary structural remodeling.

Methods: MI was produced in male Wistar rats by left coronary ligation. Rats were sacrificed to obtain the lung at the 3(rd), 6(th), 15(th), 30(th), and 45(th) day after operation.

The histone deacetylase inhibitor trichostatin A induces cell cycle arrest and apoptosis in colorectal cancer cells via p53-dependent and -independent pathways.

Many chemotherapeutic agents induce apoptosis via a p53-dependent pathway. However, up to 50% of human cancers have p53 mutation and loss of p53 function. Histone deacetylase inhibitors (HDACIs) are emerging as a potentially important new class of anticancer agents.

Roles of ezrin in the growth and invasiveness of esophageal squamous carcinoma cells.

Ezrin, which crosslinks the cytoskeleton and plasma membrane, is involved in the growth and metastatic potential of cancer cells. Ezrin expression in esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) was described recently, but its roles and the underlying mechanism(s) remain unclear. In our study, we first showed that ezrin in ESCC cell is expressed in the nucleus as well as in the cytoplasm and plasma membrane.

[The method and influencing factors of alkalescency protein purification from bitter melon (Momordica charantia) seeds by polyacrylicacid precipitation].

In this study, polyacrylicacid precipitation alkalescence protein from Momordica charantia L. seeds was studied, and the effect of conditions on experiment was also evaluated. Isoelectric precipitation is achieved by adjusting the pH of a protein solution and is based on that a protein's solubility is at minimum at its pI.