The role of autophagy in brain health and disease: Insights into exosome and autophagy interactions.

Effective management of cellular components is essential for maintaining brain health, and studies have identified several crucial biological processes in the brain. Among these, autophagy and the role of exosomes in cellular communication are critical for brain health and disease. The interaction between autophagy and exosomes in the nervous system, as well as their contributions to brain damage, have garnered significant attention.

The polysaccharide from purple sweet potato (Ipomoea batatas (L.) Lam) alleviates lipopolysaccharide-induced acute lung injury in mice via the VIP/cAMP/PKA/AQPs signaling pathway.

Background: The polysaccharide (PSP) from purple sweet potato has great potential for regulating apoptosis, but its regulatory role in acute lung injury (ALI) is unknown.

Methods: The objective of this study was to investigate the protective effect of PSP on lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced ALI in mice and lung epithelial A549 cells and its mechanism. Moreover, subacute toxicity evaluation of PSP was carried out on ICR mice.

Simulation of electrical rectification effect in two-dimensional MoSe/WSelateral heterostructures.

Two-dimensional (2D) transition metal dichalcogenides lateral heterostructures exhibit excellent performance in electrics and optics. The electron transport of the heterostructures can be effectively regulated by ingenious design. In this study, we construct a monolayer MoSe/WSelateral heterostructure, covalently connecting monolayer MoSeand monolayer WSe.

LncRNA-mediated cell autophagy: An emerging field in bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis.

In recent years, research on the mechanism of bone destruction in rheumatoid arthritis (RA) has remained in the initial stages, and the mechanism has not been fully elucidated to date. Recent studies have shown that long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) participate in RA bone destruction via autophagy, but the specific regulatory mechanism of lncRNA-mediated autophagy is unclear. Therefore, in this article, we review the mechanisms of lncRNA-mediated autophagy in fibroblast-like synoviocytes and chondrocytes in RA bone destruction.

[Preliminary observation on the clinical application of rehabilitation support for lumbar disc herniation based on 3D printing technology].

Objective: To analyze the important effect of 3D printing personalized lumbar support on lumbar pain and lumbar function in patients with lumbar disc herniation.

Methods: From October 2018 to May 2021, 60 patients initially diagnosed with lumbar disc herniation were selected and divided into an observation group and a control group, with 30 patients in each group. Among them, there were 18 males and 12 females in the observation group;the age ranged from 24 to 56 years old, with an average of (45.

[Heat-tonifying acupuncture relieves pain and synovial inflammatory injury by regulating Keap1-Nrf2/ARE/ HO-1 signaling pathway in rabbits with cold syndrome type rheumatoid arthritis].

Objective: To observe the effect of heat-tonifying needling on Keap1-Nrf2/ARE/HO-1 signal transduction pathway in knee synovium in rabbits with cold syndrome type rheumatoid arthritis (RA), so as to explore its mechanisms underl-ying improvement of RA.

Methods: New Zealand rabbits were randomly divided into normal control, RA model, uniform reinforcing-reducing acupuncture, twisting reinforcing acupuncture and heat-tonifying acupuncture groups, with 6 rabbits in each group. The cold syndrome type RA model was established by subcutaneous injection of mixture fluid of ovalbumin and Freund's complete adjuvant at the shoulder-back as well as injection of mixture of ovalbumin and normal saline into knee-joint cavity combined with ice-compress freezing.

Functional characterization, structural basis, and regio-selectivity control of a promiscuous flavonoid 7,4'-di--glycosyltransferase from var. .

A highly efficient and promiscuous 7,4'-di--glycosyltransferase ZjOGT3 was discovered from the medicinal plant var. . ZjOGT3 could sequentially catalyse 4'- and 7--glycosylation of flavones to produce 7,4'-di--glycosides with obvious regio-selectivity.

China rheumatoid arthritis registry of patients with Chinese medicine (CERTAIN): Rationale, design, and baseline characteristics of the first 11,764 enrollees.

Background: Chinese medicine (CM) has become a popular interventional treatment for rheumatoid arthritis (RA). However, limited knowledge about general characteristics and long-term clinical outcomes hampers the development of CM for RA.

Purpose: The main objectives of the China Rheumatoid Arthritis Registry of Patients with Chinese Medicine (CERTAIN) were to describe the population of RA patients receiving CM treatment in multiple centers in China using different variables and compare these findings with internationally reported data.

GuRhaGT, a highly specific saponin 2''--rhamnosyltransferase from .

A highly regio- and donor-specific 2''--rhamnosyltransferase GuRhaGT was characterised from the medicinal plant . GuRhaGT could efficiently catalyse rhamnosylation at 2''-OH of the C-3 glycosyl moiety of triterpenoid saponins.

A highly selective 2''--glycosyltransferase from and biosynthesis of isovitexin 2''--glucoside.

A novel and efficient 2''--glycosyltransferase ZjOGT38 was identified from . It could regio-selectively glycosylate 2-hydroxyflavanone -glycosides. ZjOGT38 allowed biosynthesis of isovitexin 2''--glucoside in .

GPNMB overexpression is associated with extensive bone metastasis and poor prognosis in renal cell carcinoma.

Glycoprotein non-metastatic protein B (GPNMB) promotes bone metastasis (BM) in various types of cancer. However, GPNMB expression and its function in patients with renal cell carcinoma (RCC) and BM is still unknown. Therefore, the clinical significance of GPNMB and its biological function in RCC with BM was investigated in the present study.

Functional Characterization and Protein Engineering of a Triterpene 3-/6-/2'-O-Glycosyltransferase Reveal a Conserved Residue Critical for the Regiospecificity.

Engineering the function of triterpene glucosyltransferases (GTs) is challenging due to the large size of the sugar acceptors. In this work, we identified a multifunctional glycosyltransferase AmGT8 catalyzing triterpene 3-/6-/2'-O-glycosylation from the medicinal plant Astragalus membranaceus. To engineer its regiospecificity, a small mutant library was built based on semi-rational design.

Clinical Efficacy of Patch in Patients With Symptomatic Knee Osteoarthritis: A Multicenter Non-Inferiority Randomized Controlled Clinical Trial.

Osteoarthritis (OA) is imposing substantial burdens on individuals and society with the aging population. Cortex Daphnes patch is widely used for symptomatic knee OA in China with a satisfying clinical efficacy; however, there is scant clinical evidence supporting its use. To evaluate its efficacy, we conducted a multicenter, non-inferiority, randomized, parallel-group study comparing Cortex Daphnes patch with topical nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs in patients with knee OA (NCT02770950).

Interaction Between Methylenetetrahydrofolate Reductase (MTHFR) Gene Polymorphisms and Environment with Susceptibility to Ischemic Stroke in Chinese Population.

Aims: To investigate the association of several single-nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) within methylenetetrahydrofolate reductase (MTHFR) gene, and additional gene-environment interaction with ischemic stroke (IS) risk.

Methods: Testing for Hardy-Weinberg equilibrium in controls was conducted using SNPstats (online software: http://bioinfo.iconcologia.

Dissection of the general two-step di--glycosylation pathway for the biosynthesis of (iso)schaftosides in higher plants.

Schaftoside and isoschaftoside are bioactive natural products widely distributed in higher plants including cereal crops and medicinal herbs. Their biosynthesis may be related with plant defense. However, little is known on the glycosylation biosynthetic pathway of these flavonoid di--glycosides with different sugar residues.

[Level of Coagulation Function Indexes and Its Clinical Significance in Patients with Lymphoplasmacytic Lymphoma].

Objective: To analyze the level of coagulation function indexes in patients with lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma (LPL) and its clinical significance.

Methods: The clinical data of 32 patients with initial LPL (LPL group) and physical examination data of 25 healthy persons (control group) who underwent physical examination in our hospital during the same period were collected. The differences of platelet (Plt), D-Dimer (D-D), fibrinogen (Fib), thrombin time (TT), prothrombin time (PT) and activated partial thrombin time (APTT) between the two groups were compared.

[Expression Level and Target Gene Prediction of miR-181b in Patients with Chronic Lymphocytic Leukemia].

Objective: To analyze the diagnostic value of multiple reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) for detecting different fusion genes in children with primary acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL).

Methods: The clinical data of 80 children with ALL treated in the 2 affiliated hospital of Xi'an Medical College from September 2012 to September 2017 were collected and retrospectively analyzed. Immunophenotype, chromosome karyotype and fusion gene were analyzed.

[Effects of the frequency and amount of drip irrigation on yield, tuber quality and water use efficiency of potato in sandy soil of Yulin, northern Shaanxi, China].

Reasonable irrigation is still lacking for potato production in the sandy areas of Yulin, northern Shaanxi Province. To solve this problem, field drip fertigation was conducted to examine the growth, yield and quality of potato during the whole growing season. We further analyzed the responses of these indices to different irrigation frequencies and amounts.

[Observation on therapeutic effect of needle-knife for dry mouth and eyes symptoms of primary Sjögren's syndrome].

Objective: To compare the clinical efficacy of needle-knife and hydroxychloroquine sulfate in the treatment of dry mouth and eyes symptoms of primary Sjögren's syndrome.

Methods: A total of 60 patients with primary Sjögren's syndrome were randomly divided into an observation group and a control group, 30 cases in each group. In the observation group, needle-knife was used in the range of 2 cm and 2-3 cm below the occipital protuberance, the left and right lateral bone edges of the C spinous process, between and within the range of 1.

Removal of a broken acupuncture needle in retroperitoneum by laparoscopy: a case report.

Background: Acupuncture is a famous traditional medicine in China, but the complications caused by broken acupuncture needles have been rarely reported. It seems easy to remove the foreign matters usually, but things become difficulty in special issues. Here, we reported a recently encountered case to provide an important teaching point of treating a chronically retained broken needle in retroperitoneum.

Curcumin Inhibits Proliferation of Synovial Cells by Downregulating Expression of Matrix Metalloproteinase-3 in Osteoarthritis.

Objective: To investigate the association between curcumin and the differentially expressed genes (DEG) in synovial tissues of osteoarthritis.

Methods: Microarray analysis was used to screen for the DEG in osteoarthritis synovial cells. Curcumin-related genes were identified through the drug-gene interaction network STITCH (http://stitch.

Efficacy of PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors against pretreated advanced cancer: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Programmed cell death 1 (PD-1) and programmed cell death-ligand 1(PD-L1) inhibitors have captured our attention as new therapeutic options for several tumor types. Nonetheless, the differences in efficacy between PD-1/PD-L1 inhibitors and conventional treatments (chemotherapy or targeted therapy) in pretreated advanced cancer patients remain unclear.

Materials And Methods: A systematic literature search was conducted to identify phase III randomized controlled trials (RCTs)-based investigations of PD-1(nivolumab, pembrolizumab)/PD-L1 inhibitors (atezolizumab) against pretreated advanced cancer.

Endoscopic Endonasal Surgery Treatment Strategies for Invasive Pituitary Adenoma: Analysis of Four Approaches.

Objective: To explore the surgical methods and clinical effect of endoscopic endonasal approaches for the treatment of invasive pituitary adenomas (IPAs).

Methods: A retrospective analysis was made of the clinical data of 74 patients (75 procedures) with IPAs treated by different endoscopic endonasal approaches at the Department of Neurosurgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University from May 2014 to August 2017. The data include clinical manifestation, imaging features, surgical methods and complications, resection rate, cure rate, prognosis, and complications in different Knosp classifications and Hardy stages.