Cannulation Selection of Portal Venous and Splenic Venous Catheterization in Venovenous Bypass of Swine Orthotopic Liver Transplantation.

BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to compare the hemodynamic changes in 2 different cannulations in portal system (portal venous catheterization and splenic venous catheterization) during venovenous bypass (VVB) of swine orthotopic liver transplantation (OLT) MATERIAL AND METHODS Thirty pairs (a total of 60) of healthy Duroc pigs were selected for OLT. According to the difference of cannulation in portal venous system during VVB, these pigs were divided into 2 groups: the PVC group (pigs with portal venous catheterization, n=15) and the SVC group (pigs with splenic venous catheterization, n=15). Intraoperative hemodynamic parameters were monitored continuously.

Resection and drainage of hilar cholangiocarcinoma: an 11-year experience of a single center in mainland China.

The purpose of this study is to provide appropriate approaches for resection and drainage of hilar cholangiocarcinomas. Surgical approaches and postoperative survival rates of the patients were analyzed retrospectively. The 1-, 3-, and 5-year cumulative survival rates for patients who underwent resection were 76.

[Role of glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor-related protein ligand (GITRL) on lipopolysaccharide indu-ced Kupffer cells apoptosis].

Aim: To study the role of glucocorticoid-induced tumor necrosis factor-related protein ligand (GITRL) on apoptosis of mouse Kupffer cells (KCs) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS).

Methods: The KCs were isolated from BALB/c mice and transfected with Control siRNA or GITRL siRNA for 24 h. The KCs were randomly divided into four groups including control group: cultured in media alone, dexamethasone (Dex) group: media with Dex 10 μmol/L, LPS group: media with LPS 1 mg/L, and LPS+Dex group: media with LPS 1 mg/L and Dex 10 μmol/L.

Diagnosis and management of choledochoduodenal fistula.

Recent advances in hepatobiliary imaging techniques have led to the increased detection of choledochoduodenal fistula. However, the diagnosis and treatment of choledochoduodenal fistula is still a challenge. In this study, we summarize how patients were diagnosed and treated for choledochoduodenal fistula at our institution.

Glycine attenuates endotoxin-induced liver injury by downregulating TLR4 signaling in Kupffer cells.

Background: Several experimental studies have observed better outcomes after glycine treatment in patients with endotoxin-induced liver injuries, but its molecular mechanism is not yet fully understood. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the hypothesis that glycine attenuates endotoxin-induced liver injury by affecting endotoxin signal transduction in liver macrophages.

Methods: An animal model of endotoxin-induced liver injury was established by intraperitoneally injecting mice with 10 mg/kg body weight endotoxin fed a pretreatment diet with or without 5% (w/w) glycine.

Up-regulation of IRAK-M is essential for endotoxin tolerance induced by a low dose of lipopolysaccharide in Kupffer cells.

Background: Endotoxin tolerance (ET) is an important mechanism to maintain the homeostasis of Kupffer cells (KCs), because KCs are continually exposed to various pathogen-associated molecular patterns including lipopolysaccharide (LPS). ET involves multiple changes in cell signal transduction pathways; however, not all signaling pathways are down-regulated and some proteins are up-regulated. The latter proteins may be counter regulatory, including interleukin-1 receptor-associated kinase M (IRAK-M) expression.

Glycine blunts transplantative liver ischemia-reperfusion injury by downregulating interleukin 1 receptor associated kinase-4.

Aim: To determine whether glycine could downregulate interleukin 1 receptor associated kinase-4 (IRAK-4) expression to interfere with lipopolysaccharides (LPS) signal transduction and blunt transplantative liver ischemia-reperfusion injury (I/RI).

Methods: SD rats were randomly divided into two groups: donor animals of the glycine group (n=40) were given glycine (1.5 mL; 300 mmol/L, iv) 1 h before harvest, and the control group were treated with 1.

[The influence with block the endotoxin signal transduction for ischemia/reperfusion injury of graft liver in rats].

Objective: To explore the feasibility of interleukin 1 receptor associated kinase-4 (IRAK-4) as gene therapy target for liver ischemia/reperfusion injury (I/RI) and effective approach in vivo for short hairpin RNA (shRNA) interference used to gene therapy in liver graft hqappened.

Methods: Sprague-Dawley rats were randomly divided into three groups: the control group, the in vivo transfection group (IVT) and the cold ischemia transfection group (CIT). Experiments of orthotopic liver transplantation were performed by two-cuff method.

[The protection mechanisms of glycine against liver injury induced by lipopolysaccharides].

Objective: To explore the protective mechanisms of glycine (Gly) on lipopolysaccharides (LPS) induced liver injury.

Methods: BABL/c mice were randomly divided into a LPS group, in which the animals were intraperitoneally injected with 10 mg/kg LPS, and a Gly group, in which the mice were pretreated with a 5% Gly-containing diet for 3 days before receiving the same dose of LPS. The livers of the mice were examined for histopathological changes.

[The mechanism and treatment phases chosen of glycine for inhibition lipopolysaccharide induced Kupffer cells activation].

Objective: To explore the possible mechanism and optimal treatment phase of glycine for inhibition lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induced Kupffer cells (KCs) activation.

Methods: The KCs were isolated from 40 BALB/c mice and divided into four groups: the endotoxin group, the prevention group, the early treatment group and the later treatment group (n = 10). The endotoxin group was treated with 10 mg/L LPS, and in the other three groups, glycine (1 mmol/L) was given 24 h before, or at 0 h or 4 h respectively after LPS stimulation.

[Expression changes of interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase-4 during endotoxin tolerance development in kupffer cells].

Objective: To explore the mechanism of endotoxin tolerance (ET) through observing the expression of interleukin 1 receptor associated kinase-4 (IRAK-4) during endotoxin tolerance development in Kupffer cells (KCs).

Methods: Isolated KCs of Balb/c mouse were divided into two groups: the non-endotoxin tolerance (NET) group and the endotoxin tolerance (ET) group, which were pretreated with 10 ng/ml lipopolysaccharide (LPS) for 24 h. Then, the two groups were treated with 100 ng/ml LPS.

[An experimental study of the inhibitory effects on the activation of endotoxin-induced Kupffer cells through short hairpin RNA targeting interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase-4 gene].

Objective: To explore the inhibitory effects on the activation of endotoxin-induced Kupffer cells (KCs) through short hairpin RNA (shRNA) targeting interleukin-1 receptor associated kinase-4 (IRAK-4) gene.

Methods: Two effective transfection shRNA plasmid (pSIIRAK-4-A, pSIIRAK-4-B) and one invalidated plasmids (pSIIRAK-4-C) targeting IRAK-4 gene were constructed. The isolated mouse KCs were divided into three groups: the normal control group, the RNAi control group (pSIIRAK-4-C) and the RNAi effective group (pSIIRAK-4-A, pSIIRAK-4-B).

[Expression of CD14 protein in U937 cells induced by vitamin D3].

Aim: To observe the 1, 25-dihydroxy vitamin D3 (Vit D3) induced CD14 expression in human U937 cell line and the reaction of the cells to LPS stimulation following the induction.

Methods: U937 cells were cocultured with 0.1 mumol/L Vit D3 for 24 hours to induce the expression of CD14 gene and the sensitiveness of U937 cells to stimulation of LPS at various concentrations and for different times were observed.

The U937 cell line induced to express CD14 protein by 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 and be sensitive to endotoxin stimulation.

Background: CD14 was first described as a differentiation antigen on the surface of myeloid lineage cells. It acts as a glycosylphosphatidylinositol (GPI)-anchored receptor for the complex of lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and plays a key role in the activation of LPS-induced monocytes. The purpose of this study was to observe the expression of CD14 protein and its gene in the human U937 promonocytic cell line when these cells were exposed to 1,25-dihydroxyvitamin D3(VitD3) and investigate their sensitivity to endotoxin stimulation.