Mcam stabilizes a luminal progenitor-like breast cancer cell state via Ck2 control and Src/Akt/Stat3 attenuation.

Cell state control is crucial for normal tissue development and cancer cell mimicry of stem/progenitor states, contributing to tumor heterogeneity, therapy resistance, and progression. Here, we demonstrate that the cell surface glycoprotein Mcam maintains the tumorigenic luminal progenitor (LP)-like epithelial cell state, leading to Basal-like mammary cancers. In the Py230 mouse mammary carcinoma model, Mcam knockdown (KD) destabilized the LP state by deregulating the Ck2/Stat3 axis, causing a switch to alveolar and basal states, loss of an estrogen-sensing subpopulation, and resistance to tamoxifen-an effect reversed by Ck2 and Stat3 inhibitors.

Predictors of time to death among under-five children in pastoral regions of Ethiopia: A retrospective follow-up study.

Background: In Ethiopia, the mortality rate for children under five is a public health concern. Regretfully, the problem is notably underestimated and underreported, making it impossible to fully recognize how serious the situation is in the nation's developing regions. Unfortunately, no single study has been conducted to reveal the rates and predictor factors of under-five child death in Ethiopia's pastoral regions.

Mcam stabilizes luminal progenitor breast cancer phenotypes via Ck2 control and Src/Akt/Stat3 attenuation.

Breast cancers are categorized into subtypes with distinctive therapeutic vulnerabilities and prognoses based on their expression of clinically targetable receptors and gene expression patterns mimicking different cell types of the normal gland. Here, we tested the role of Mcam in breast cancer cell state control and tumorigenicity in a luminal progenitor-like murine tumor cell line (Py230) that exhibits lineage and tumor subtype plasticity. Mcam knockdown Py230 cells show augmented Stat3 and Pi3K/Akt activation associated with a lineage state switch away from a hormone-sensing/luminal progenitor state toward alveolar and basal cell related phenotypes that were refractory to growth inhibition by the anti-estrogen therapeutic, tamoxifen.

Anemia Prevalence and Risk Factors in Two of Ethiopia's Most Anemic Regions among Women: A Cross-Sectional Study.

Background: In Sub-Saharan African (SSA) nations, including Ethiopia, anemia is a significant public health issue. Ethiopia has continued to bear the enormous burden of anemia infections. Over time, the prevalence of anemia has significantly increased in Ethiopia.

Predictors of mortality among under-five children in rural Ethiopia: a cross sectional study.

Background: Under-five child mortality (UFCM) is one of the major significant and sensitive indicators of the health status of the public. Although the world has seen a remarkable and substantial decrease in UFCM since 1990, its progression rate still remains alarmingly high in Sub-Saharan African (SSA) countries, particularly in Ethiopia. Therefore, this study aimed to assess associations between mortality and under-five children in rural Ethiopia.

'Self-stigma' of people with cutaneous leishmaniasis the unrecognized one: what do we think; what do we know; what can we prove?

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) refers to a group of parasitic infections caused by the protozoan parasite Leishmania spp. Lack of knowledge and awareness regarding this disease creates a burden for patients with CL to deal with self-stigma. The aim of this ethnographic study is to provide an analysis of self-stigma experienced by patients with CL through an in-depth understanding of the self-stigma experienced by patients with cutaneous leishmaniasis.

A Simple Alcohol-based Method of Oocyst Inactivation for Use in the Development of Detection Assays for .

are obligate, intracellular parasites that cause life-threatening diarrhea among children and immunocompromised adults. Transmission occurs by the fecal-oral route following ingestion of thick-walled oocysts that can contaminate, persist, and resist disinfection in water and food. Sodium hypochlorite, peroxides, ozone, formaldehyde, and ammonia are suitable disinfectants against oocysts.

Antimicrobial Use and Management of Childhood Diarrhea at Community Drug Retail Outlets in Eastern Ethiopia: A Matched Questionnaire-Based and Simulated Patient-Case Study.

Introduction: Antimicrobial agents have saved millions of lives worldwide. However, inappropriate use has become a global concern leading to the emergence and spread of antimicrobial resistance (AMR). In this regard, the dispensing practices of pharmacy professionals in the community drug retail outlets (CDROs) plays a central role.

Incidence and predictors of mortality among persons receiving second-line tuberculosis treatment in sub-Saharan Africa: A meta-analysis of 43 cohort studies.

Background: Drug resistance remains from among the most feared public health threats that commonly challenges tuberculosis treatment success. Since 2010, there have been rapid evolution and advances to second-line anti-tuberculosis treatments (SLD). However, evidence on impacts of these advances on incidence of mortality are scarce and conflicting.

One in Five Street Traditional Coffee Vendors Suffered from Depression During the COVID-19 Pandemic in Harar Town, Ethiopia.

Background: The COVID-19 crisis has already resulted in an economic and labor market shock and a rise of informal work sectors. Being an informal job, traditional coffee vending can predispose women to a myriad of mental disorders. Therefore, this study was aimed to assess depressive symptoms during the COVID-19 pandemic and associated factors among street traditional coffee vendors in Harar town, Eastern Ethiopia.

Determinants of intrauterine contraceptive device utilization at primary health care facilities in Mekelle City, northern Ethiopia.

Background: Each year, the current level of modern contraceptive use averts 188 million unintended pregnancies, which in turn results in 112 million fewer abortions. Of the 867 million women in the developing world who are sexually active and want to avoid becoming pregnant, approximately 222 million of them have an unmet need for modern contraception. In spite of several advantages and potential effectiveness of Intra Uterine Contraceptive Device, its utilization still too low in Sub Saharan African countries including Ethiopia.

Predictors of time-to-death on children in Tigray regional state, Ethiopia: a retrospective cross sectional study.

Background: Although, the clinical and socioeconomic condition of Tigray Regional State mothers has been improved along with the decline in the child death rate. However, children's death rate is still one of the main community serious challenging issues of public health concern. Thus, the main objective of this current investigation was to identify the major predictor factors for short time-to-death in Children in the Tigray Regional State.

Expected Impacts of COVID-19: Considering Resource-Limited Countries and Vulnerable Population.

Coronavirus disease in 2019 emerged in Wuhan, Hubei Province, China, in December 2019. After a month, it was declared a global threat to public health. The effects of the pandemic could be socio-economic, undermining the health system and risking livelihoods.

Drug-related problems and associated factors in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Drug-related problems (DRPs) can occur at any stages of medication use processes, and a single drug could be associated with multiple DRPs. Once happened, it adversely affects health outcomes. In Ethiopia, evaluation of the magnitude and factors associated with DRPs had not been attempted at the national level.

Polymyxin-induced nephrotoxicity and its predictors: a systematic review and meta-analysis of studies conducted using RIFLE criteria of acute kidney injury.

Polymyxins are last-resort antibiotics re-emerged to treat infections caused by multidrug resistant (MDR) and extensively drug-resistant (XDR) Gram-negative bacterial infections. However, polymyxin-associated nephrotoxicity has become the main safety concern. Therefore, we conducted this systematic review and meta-analysis on polymyxin-induced nephrotoxicity and its predictors using studies conducted based on the validated RIFLE (Risk, Injury, Failure, Loss of Function and End-stage renal disease) criteria of acute kidney damage.

CRIPTO antagonist ALK4-Fc inhibits breast cancer cell plasticity and adaptation to stress.

Background: CRIPTO is a multi-functional signaling protein that promotes stemness and oncogenesis. We previously developed a CRIPTO antagonist, ALK4-Fc, and showed that it causes loss of the stem cell phenotype in normal mammary epithelia suggesting it may similarly inhibit CRIPTO-dependent plasticity in breast cancer cells.

Methods: We focused on two triple negative breast cancer cell lines (MDA-MB-231 and MDA-MB-468) to measure the effects of ALK4-Fc on cancer cell behavior under nutrient deprivation and endoplasmic reticulum stress.

Anti-Cancer Effects of Lycopene in Animal Models of Hepatocellular Carcinoma: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Introduction: Globally, hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) is the sixth most diagnosed cancer and the third important cause of cancer-related death. As there are only two targeted drugs for the treatment of advanced HCC-that merely extend survival by a few months-the need for alternative treatments is inevitable. Lycopene, a carotenoid that is known to be most abundant in red tomatoes and tomato-based products, has been investigated for its anticancer activity in various types of cancers including HCC.

Determinants of Preeclampsia Among Pregnant Mothers Attending Antenatal Care (ANC) and Delivery Service in Gedeo Zone, Southern Ethiopia: Case Control-Study.

Background: The maternal morbidity and mortality related to preeclampsia are increasing in developing countries; figures have been estimated to be between 1.8% and 16.7%, including in Ethiopia.

Uncontrolled hypertension in Ethiopia: a systematic review and meta-analysis of institution-based observational studies.

Background: Uncontrolled hypertension is one of the major risk factors of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The prevalence of hypertension in Ethiopia is expected to reach up to 30%. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of uncontrolled hypertension among hypertensive patients on treatment in Ethiopia.

Does short inter-pregnancy interval predicts the risk of preterm birth in Northern Ethiopia?

Objective: The study aimed to assess the effect of inter pregnancy interval on preterm birth in Northern Ethiopia: prospective cohort study.

Result: This study showed that, total incidence of premature birth was 10.4%.