The implication of pericardial effusion in the third trimester for preeclampsia and heart failure in high-risk pregnant women.

Background: With the growing number of high-risk pregnant women, echocardiography frequently reveals pericardial effusion (PE). However, the clinical implications of PE are unknown.

Method: We analyzed a cohort of 406 high-risk pregnant women who underwent echocardiography in the third trimester between November 2019 and December 2022.

Midterm Functional Outcomes After Retear of an Arthroscopic Rotator Cuff Repair: A Propensity Score-Matched Comparative Study.

Background: Studies are still limited on the isolated effect of retear after arthroscopic rotator cuff repair (ARCR) on functional outcomes after the midterm period.

Purpose: To assess the effect of retear at midterm follow-up after ARCR and to identify factors associated with the need for revision surgery.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 3.

A Novel RAGE Modulator Induces Soluble RAGE to Reduce BACE1 Expression in Alzheimer's Disease.

β-secretase (BACE1) is instrumental in amyloid-β (Aβ) production, with overexpression noted in Alzheimer's disease (AD) neuropathology. The interaction of Aβ with the receptor for advanced glycation endproducts (RAGE) facilitates cerebral uptake of Aβ and exacerbates its neurotoxicity and neuroinflammation, further augmenting BACE1 expression. Given the limitations of previous BACE1 inhibition efforts, the study explores reducing BACE1 expression to mitigate AD pathology.

Effects of genetic mutations on left ventricular myocardial mechanics and fibrosis patterns in hypertrophic cardiomyopathy.

Myocyte disarray and fibrosis are underlying pathologies of hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) caused by genetic mutations. However, the extent of their contributions has not been extensively evaluated. In this study, we investigated the effects of genetic mutations on myofiber function and fibrosis patterns in HCM.

Data from the All of Us research program reinforces existence of activity inequality.

Large-scale and detailed analyses of activity in the United States (US) remain limited. In this work, we leveraged the comprehensive wearable, demographic, and survey data from the All of Us Research Program, the largest and most diverse population health study in the US to date, to apply and extend the previous global findings on activity inequality within the context of the US. We found that daily steps differed by sex at birth, age, body characteristics, geography, and built environment.

Cyclin E1/CDK2 activation defines a key vulnerability to WEE1 kinase inhibition in gynecological cancers.

Upregulation of Cyclin E1 and subsequent activation of CDK2 accelerates cell cycle progression from G1 to S phase and is a common oncogenic driver in gynecological malignancies. WEE1 kinase counteracts the effects of Cyclin E1/CDK2 activation by regulating multiple cell cycle checkpoints. Here we characterized the relationship between Cyclin E1/CDK2 activation and sensitivity to the selective WEE1 inhibitor azenosertib.

12-year cumulative incidence rate of rare retinal diseases: a nationwide study in Korea.

Purpose: Understanding the incidence of rare diseases is important in establishing a proper public health care system and setting target diseases in medical research. Herein, we report the 12-year cumulative incidence of seven rare ocular diseases of the retina in South Korea.

Methods: We analysed clinical records of 1,126,250 South Korean population during 2006~2019.

A disintegrin and metallopeptidase domain (ADAM) 12, ADAM 17 mRNA and ADAM10 protein hold potential as biomarkers for detection of early gastric cancer.

No biomarker can effectively screen for early gastric cancer (EGC). Players in the A disintegrin and metalloproteinase (ADAM)-natural killer group 2 member D (NKG2D) receptor axis may have a role for that. As a proof-of-concept pilot study, the expression of ADAM8, ADAM9, ADAM10, ADAM12, ADAM17, and major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I chain-related sequence A (MICA), a ligand for NKG2D, in gastric cancer was investigated in silico using The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) database.

Susceptibility map-weighted MRI can distinguish tremor-dominant Parkinson's disease from essential tremor.

Distinguishing between Parkinson's disease (PD) and essential tremor (ET) can be challenging sometimes. Although positron emission tomography can confirm PD diagnosis, its application is limited by high cost and exposure to radioactive isotopes. Patients with PD exhibit loss of the dorsal nigral hyperintensity on brain magnetic resonance imaging (MRI).

The degradation mechanism of multi-resonance thermally activated delayed fluorescence materials.

1,4-Azaborine-based arenes are promising electroluminescent emitters with thermally activated delayed fluorescence (TADF), offering narrow emission spectra and high quantum yields due to a multi-resonance (MR) effect. However, their practical application is constrained by their limited operational stability. This study investigates the degradation mechanism of MR-TADF molecules.

Colorimetric identification of colorless acid vapors using a metal-organic framework-based sensor.

In terms of safety and emergency response, identifying hazardous gaseous acid chemicals is crucial for ensuring effective evacuation and administering proper first aid. However, current studies struggle to distinguish between different acid vapors and remain in the early stages of development. In this study, we propose an on-site monitorable acid vapor decoder, MOF-808-EDTA-Cu, integrating the robust MOF-808 with Cu-EDTA, functioning as a proton-triggered colorimetric decoder that translates the anionic components of corrosive acids into visible colors.

Chromosome-level genome assembly of Salvia sclarea.

Salvia sclarea is a medicinal herb from the Lamiaceae family, valued for its essential oil which contains sclareol, linalool, linalyl acetate, and other compounds. Despite its extensive use, the genetic mechanisms of S. sclarea are not well understood.

Delayed atorvastatin delivery promotes recovery after experimental spinal cord injury.

Spinal cord injury (SCI) significantly alters gene expression, potentially impeding functional recovery. This study investigated the effects of atorvastatin, a widely prescribed cholesterol-lowering drug, on gene expression and functional recovery in a chronic murine SCI model. Female C57BL/6J mice underwent moderate 0.

Inhibition of HDAC6 elicits anticancer effects on head and neck cancer cells through Sp1/SOD3/MKP1 signaling axis to downregulate ERK phosphorylation.

Oxidative stress caused by reactive oxygen species (ROS) and superoxides is linked to various cancer-related biological events. Extracellular superoxide dismutase (SOD3), an antioxidant enzyme that removes superoxides, contributes to redox homeostasis and has the potential to regulate tumorigenesis. Histone deacetylase 6 (HDAC6), a major HDAC isoform responsible for mediating the deacetylation of non-histone protein substrates, also plays a role in cancer progression.

Association Between Calcium Channel Blocker Use and the Risk of Interstitial Lung Disease and Idiopathic Pulmonary Fibrosis: A Longitudinal Cohort Study.

Introduction: Ca2+ signaling in fibroblasts would be one of the important mediators of lung fibrosis. This study investigated the relationship between calcium channel blocker usage and the risk of developing interstitial lung disease and idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis.

Material And Methods: This cohort study used data from the Korean National Health Screening Cohort spanned from January 1, 2004, to December 31, 2015.

Rhinoconjunctivitis Symptoms in Children and Adolescents with Asthma: A Longitudinal Clustering Analysis.

Background: Rhinoconjunctivitis phenotypes are conventionally described based on symptom severity, duration and seasonality and aeroallergen sensitization. It is not known whether these phenotypes fully reflect the patterns of symptoms seen at a population level.

Objective: To identify phenotypes of rhinoconjunctivitis based on symptom intensity and seasonality using an unbiased approach and to compare their characteristics.

Comparative photocatalytic degradation of cationic rhodamine B and anionic bromocresol green using reduced ZnO: A detailed kinetic modeling approach.

The photocatalytic degradation of rhodamine B (RhB), a cationic dye, and bromocresol green (BCG), an anionic dye, was investigated using oxygen vacancy-enriched ZnO as the catalyst. These dyes were selected due to their differing charges and molecular structures, allowing for a deeper exploration of how these characteristics impact the degradation process. The catalyst was prepared by reducing ZnO with 10% H/Ar gas at 500°C, and the introduction of oxygen vacancies was confirmed using various characterization techniques.

Amivantamab Plus Lazertinib in Patients With EGFR-mutant Non-small Cell Lung Cancer (NSCLC) After Progression on Osimertinib and Platinum-based Chemotherapy: Results From CHRYSALIS-2 Cohort A.

Introduction: Treatment options for patients with epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR)-mutated non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) with disease progression on/after osimertinib and platinum-based chemotherapy are limited.

Methods: CHRYSALIS-2 Cohort A evaluated amivantamab+lazertinib in patients with EGFR exon 19 deletion- or L858R-mutated NSCLC with disease progression on/after osimertinib and platinum-based chemotherapy. Primary endpoint was investigator-assessed objective response rate (ORR).

Use of the neutrophil - to - lymphocyte ratio improves the accuracy of outcome prediction in patients with acute traumatic subdural hematoma undergoing surgical treatment.

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of disability and mortality worldwide. Acute traumatic subdural hematoma (TSDH) accounts for a large proportion of all TBI cases. However, factors to predict postoperative prognosis in patients with acute TSDH are limited.

Comparative species delimitation of a biological conservation icon.

The United States Endangered Species Act (ESA) of 1973 set a precedent for biodiversity conservation across the globe. A key requirement of protections afforded by the ESA is the accurate delimitation of imperiled species. We present a comparative reference-based taxonomic approach to species delimitation that integrates genomic and morphological data for objectively assessing the distinctiveness of species targeted for protection by governmental agencies.

Proteomic evaluation of pathways associated with phosphine-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and resistance mechanisms in Tribolium castaneum against phosphine fumigation: Whole and partial proteome identification.

Phosphine (PH) fumigation is widely used to control insect pests in stored products globally. However, intensive PH use has led to the emergence of significant resistance in target insects. To address this issue, this study investigated PH resistance mechanisms by conducting both qualitative and quantitative proteomic analyses on the whole proteome of a PH-resistant Tribolium castaneum strain (AUS-07) using LC-MS/MS.

Predicting the likelihood of readmission in patients with ischemic stroke: An explainable machine learning approach using common data model data.

Background: Ischemic stroke affects 15 million people worldwide, causing five million deaths annually. Despite declining mortality rates, stroke incidence and readmission risks remain high, highlighting the need for preventing readmission to improve the quality of life of survivors. This study developed a machine-learning model to predict 90-day stroke readmission using electronic medical records converted to the common data model (CDM) from the Regional Accountable Care Hospital in Gangwon state in South Korea.

Insect-derived biochar for CO adsorption under humid conditions: Elucidating adsorption mechanisms and competitive interactions with water molecules.

The CO adsorption capacity of biochar depends on the type of biomass used and its physicochemical properties; various sorption parameters including temperature, CO concentration, and humidity affect the CO adsorption capacity. Biochar derived from defatted black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) biomass was investigated for direct CO capture and exhibited a hydrophilic/mesoporous structure that contained high concentrations of alkali and alkaline metals (>10 wt%), which contribute to CO chemisorption. The CO adsorption efficiency was higher at 25 °C compared with that at 30 °C and 35 °C, probably due to reduced Brownian motion of CO molecules at lower temperatures.

Predictive value of early warning scores in in-hospital mortality of patients readmitted to the surgical intensive care unit after major abdominal surgery.

Background/aims: Early warning scores are simple scores obtained by measuring physiological parameters and have been regarded as useful tools for detecting clinical deterioration. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of early warning scores in predicting in-hospital mortality in critically ill patients readmitted to the surgical intensive care unit.

Methods: The study was conducted at a tertiary referral teaching hospital in South Korea.