Nano-Ghosts: Biomimetic membranal vesicles, technology and characterization.

Currently, nano-carriers for anti-cancer drug delivery are complex systems, which struggle with immunogenicity and enhanced permeability effect (EPR)-related problems that halt the clinical translation of many therapeutics. Consequently, a rapidly growing field of research has been focusing on biomimetic nano-vesicles (BNVs) as an effective delivery alternative. Nevertheless, the translation of many BNVs is limited due to scalability problems, inconsistent production process, and insufficient loading efficiency.

Pretreating Mesenchymal Stem Cells with Cancer Conditioned-Media or Proinflammatory Cytokines Changes the Tumor and Immune Targeting by Nanoghosts Derived from these Cells.

Nanoghosts (NGs) are nanovesicles reconstructed from the cytoplasmic membranes of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs). By retaining MSC membranes, the NGs retain the ability of these cells to home in on multiple tumors, laying the foundations, thereby, for the development of a targeted drug delivery platform. The susceptibility of MSCs to functional changes, following their exposure to cytokines or cancer-derived conditioned-media (CM), presents the opportunity to modify the NGs by conditioning their source cells.