Changes in metabolic acidosis following birth in intensive care unit neonates.

Background: Little is known about how and why metabolic acidosis changes within the first six hours of life in intensive care unit neonates.

Objective: To determine changes in pH and base excess between paired umbilical cord arterial and neonatal arterial blood samples during the first 6 h of life, to identify factors associated with the direction and magnitude of change, and to examine morbidity and mortality in newborns with acidosis at birth or as neonates.

Study Design: Retrospective cohort study of all deliveries from a single institution between 2016-2020 with paired umbilical cord arterial and neonatal arterial samples obtained within 6 h of life meeting rigorous criteria to ensure sample integrity.

A phenomenological exploration of the feedback experience of medical students after summative exam failure.

Background: Preventing medical students entering cycles of underperformance following assessment is a priority due to the consequences for the student, faculty, and wider society. The benefits from feedback may be inadequately accessed by students in difficulty due to the emotional response evoked by examination failure. This study aims to explore medical students' experiences of receiving feedback after summative assessment failure and investigate the role of emotions on motivation for learning after underperformance, to better support remediation and preparation for future assessments.

JAG consensus statements for training and certification in flexible sigmoidoscopy.

Introduction: Joint Advisory Group (JAG) certification in endoscopy is awarded when trainees attain minimum competency standards for independent practice. A national evidence-based review was undertaken to update standards for training and certification in flexible sigmoidoscopy (FS).

Methods: A modified Delphi process was conducted between 2019 and 2020 with multisociety representation from experts and trainees.

JAG consensus statements for training and certification in colonoscopy.

Introduction: In the UK, endoscopy certification is awarded when trainees attain minimum competency standards for independent practice. A national evidence-based review was undertaken to update and develop standards and recommendations for colonoscopy training and certification.

Methods: Under the oversight of the Joint Advisory Group (JAG), a modified Delphi process was conducted between 2019 and 2020 with multisociety expert representation.

Review of 2022 WHO guidelines on the control and elimination of schistosomiasis.

Schistosomiasis is a helminthiasis infecting approximately 250 million people worldwide. In 2001, the World Health Assembly (WHA) 54.19 resolution defined a new global strategy for control of schistosomiasis through preventive chemotherapy programmes.

UK national bladder outlet obstruction surgery snapshot audit.

Objectives: To determine the preoperative assessment and perioperative outcomes of men undergoing bladder outlet obstruction (BOO) surgery in the UK.

Patients And Methods: A retrospective cohort study was conducted of all men undergoing BOO surgery in 105 UK hospitals over a 1-month period. The study included 1456 men, of whom 42% were catheter dependent prior to undergoing surgery.

Diversifying the medical curriculum as part of the wider decolonising effort: A proposed framework and self-assessment resource toolbox.

The narrative of decolonisation has recently amassed momentum, with the student and public voice providing the greatest advocacy, resulting in medical schools and universities embarking on a broader range of initiatives in response to the wider decolonisation agenda. Part of this wider effort is the diversification of the curriculum to create a more culturally responsive and equity focussed experience and training. Diversifying the curriculum poses considerable challenges due to limited expertise and/or relevant resources.

A Novel Approach to Neonatal Resuscitation Education for Senior Emergency Medicine Residents.

The majority of pediatric visits occur in general emergency departments. Caring for critically ill neonates is a low-frequency but high-stakes event for emergency physicians, which requires specialized knowledge and hands-on training. We describe a novel clinical rotation for emergency medicine (EM) residents that specifically augments skills in neonatal resuscitation through direct participation as a member of the neonatal resuscitation team.

Impact of a national basic skills in colonoscopy course on trainee performance: An interrupted time series analysis.

Background: The Joint Advisory Group on Gastrointestinal Endoscopy basic skills in colonoscopy (BSC) course was introduced in 2009 to improve colonoscopy training within the United Kingdom, but its impact on trainee performance is unknown.

Aim: To assess whether attendance of the BSC could improve colonoscopy performance.

Methods: Trainees awarded colonoscopy certification between 2011-2016 were stratified into 3 groups according to pre-course procedure count (< 70, 70-140 and > 140).

Type IV Pili Can Mediate Bacterial Motility within Epithelial Cells.

is among bacterial pathogens capable of twitching motility, a form of surface-associated movement dependent on type IV pili (T4P). Previously, we showed that T4P and twitching were required for to cause disease in a murine model of corneal infection, to traverse human corneal epithelial multilayers, and to efficiently exit invaded epithelial cells. Here, we used live wide-field fluorescent imaging combined with quantitative image analysis to explore how twitching contributes to epithelial cell egress.

Correction to: A systematic review of the literature describing the outcomes of near-peer mentoring programs for first year medical students.

Following publication of the original article [1], the author reported incorrect referencing in Table 1 as the references of the papers in the table don't match with the text.

A systematic review of the literature describing the outcomes of near-peer mentoring programs for first year medical students.

Background: Transition into higher education has been identified as one of the most stressful periods for learners. Interventions targeting the transition phase such as near- peer mentoring might help address some of these challenges. We were however unable to identify a published systematic review of the literature describing outcomes of near-peer mentoring of medical students during the transition phase into medical school.

Improving Standards of Care through the Publication of Surgeon Identifiable Outcome Data in Urology.

Consultant Outcomes Publication aims to drive up standards of care by greater transparency and peer comparison of surgical practice and outcomes. This is despite difficulties of data entry and bias, and potential for risk avoidance and diminished training.

Dermatology in Ghana: a retrospective review of skin disease at the Korle Bu Teaching Hospital Dermatology Clinic.

Introduction: Ghana is currently developing its provision of dermatology services. Epidemiologic studies of the skin diseases seen by Ghanaian dermatologists are needed to guide these efforts. We aimed to describe the skin conditions seen by and management practices of Ghanaian dermatologists in a specialized clinic.

A Study of the Microbial Spatial Heterogeneity of Bahamian Thrombolites Using Molecular, Biochemical, and Stable Isotope Analyses.

Thrombolites are buildups of carbonate that exhibit a clotted internal structure formed through the interactions of microbial mats and their environment. Despite recent advances, we are only beginning to understand the microbial and molecular processes associated with their formation. In this study, a spatial profile of the microbial and metabolic diversity of thrombolite-forming mats of Highborne Cay, The Bahamas, was generated by using 16S rRNA gene sequencing and predictive metagenomic analyses.

Professional Skill Builder: Mastering Cardiac Auscultation in Under 4 Hours.

Introduction: Cardiac auscultation is an important clinical skill used by health care professionals during bedside patient evaluation and management. To support development of this skill in health sciences students, we created a self-paced, interactive program. This program helps develop foundational skills and knowledge so learners can confidently perform basic cardiac auscultation at the bedside.

Use of skin-lightening products among selected urban communities in Accra, Ghana.

Background: The practice of skin lightening has been reported from North America, Europe, Asia, and Africa. In literature, some prevalence rates exceed 50%, and both sexes are involved. Common agents used include hydroquinone, mercury, corticosteroids, and caustic agents.

The feasibility and effectiveness of Catch It, an innovative CBT smartphone app.

Background: The widespread use of smartphones makes effective therapies such as cognitive-behavioural therapy (CBT) potentially accessible to large numbers of people.

Aims: This paper reports the usage data of the first trial of Catch It, a new CBT smartphone app.

Method: Uptake and usage rates, fidelity of user responses to CBT principles, and impact on reported negative and positive moods were assessed.

Proximal thoracic aortic diameters: transesophageal-echocardiography- versus computed-tomography-derived measurements.

Purpose: The purpose of the study was to compare proximal aortic measurements from electrocardiogram-gated computed tomography (CT) to transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) and to evaluate differences in cusp-cusp and cusp-commissure CT measurements of sinus of Valsalva (SOV).

Methods: This retrospective study (n=25) compared aortic diameters from CT using manual double-oblique multiplanar reformats (MPRs) and semiautomatic centerline method to TEE.

Results: CT MPR and centerline measurements were higher than TEE for sinotubular junction and ascending aorta.

New multi-scale perspectives on the stromatolites of Shark Bay, Western Australia.

A recent field-intensive program in Shark Bay, Western Australia provides new multi-scale perspectives on the world's most extensive modern stromatolite system. Mapping revealed a unique geographic distribution of morphologically distinct stromatolite structures, many of them previously undocumented. These distinctive structures combined with characteristic shelf physiography define eight 'Stromatolite Provinces'.