Comparison of semi and fully automated artificial intelligence driven softwares and manual system for cephalometric analysis.

Background: Cephalometric analysis has been used as one of the main tools for orthodontic diagnosis and treatment planning. The analysis can be performed manually on acetate tracing sheets, digitally by manual selection of landmarks or by recently introduced Artificial Intelligence (AI)-driven tools or softwares that automatically detect landmarks and analyze them. The use of AI-driven tools is expected to avoid errors and make it less time consuming with effective evaluation and high reproducibility.

Comparison of ramal heights in individuals with clinically symmetrical and asymmetrical faces.

Objective: To compare the mandibular ramal height differences between clinically symmetrical and asymmetrical face individuals.

Methods: The comparative cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2020 to July 2021 at the Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, and comprised subjects regardless of age and gender who were divided into two equal groups. Those with a clinically symmetrical face were in Group-I, and those with a clinically asymmetrical face were in Group-II.

Vertical Skeletal Changes after Extraction and Nonextraction Orthodontic Treatment.

Objectives:  Due to the constant battle regarding the controversial topic of orthodontic extraction, this study aims to assess the changes in vertical dimensions of patients treated with premolar extractions compared with nonextraction orthodontic patients.

Materials And Methods:  A sample of 60 borderline patients were recruited and divided into extraction and nonextraction groups. Eleven pretreatment cephalometric measurements were recorded using WebCeph and patients were followed-up until the completion of treatment.

Comparative Analysis of Dentoskeletal Changes of the Twin Block Appliance and the AdvanSync2 Appliance in Treatment of Skeletal Class-II Malocclusion in Pakistani Population: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Objective:  This study aimed to compare dentoskeletal changes in skeletal class-II malocclusion with removable twin block appliance and fixed AdvanSync2 appliance.

Materials And Methods:  A prospective randomized clinical trial was conducted over a span of 1 year at AFID at Rawalpindi. Thirty patients with skeletal class-II malocclusion, 16 males (53.

Comparison of commercially available preformed archwires with average natural arch forms.

Objective: To compare the dimensions of commercially available preformed archwires with natural arch forms of Pakistani subjects.

Methods: The cross-sectional study was conducted at the Department of Orthodontics, Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry, Rawalpindi, Pakistan, from September 2019 to February 2020, and comprised maxillary and mandibular dental casts of orthodontically untreated subjects that were evaluated to obtain arch dimensions at the canines and first molar levels with the help of digital Vernier calipers. Bracket-archwire assembly was constructed to accurately measure widths from bracket-slot points at both the canine and molar levels in an attempt to mimic clinical archwire-bracket interface.

Comparison of Tooth Widths, Arch Widths and Arch Lengths in Class-I Normal Dentition to Class-I and II Crowded Dentitions.

Background And Objective: Dental study casts play a vital role in the diagnosis and treatment planning of various orthodontic cases. This study was carried out to compare the tooth widths, arch widths, and arch lengths in Class-I normal dentition to those in Class-I and Class-II crowded dentition in an effort to improve treatment planning and to eventually reduce treatment duration.

Methods: Total 170 patients, 12 to 40 years of age with a complete set of permanent teeth till 1 molars; who presented to the Orthodontics Department at Armed Forces Institute of Dentistry (A.