Lignin nanoparticles-reduced graphene oxide based hydrogel: A novel strategy for environmental applications.

In this work, facile fabrication of lignin nanoparticles (L)-based three-dimensional reduced graphene oxide hydrogel (rGO@L) has been demonstrated as a novel strategy for environmental applications. Herein, L were facilely synthesized from walnut shell waste through a direct chemical route. These L were incorporated into the continuous porous network of rGO network to fabricate rGO@L hydrogel.

Chitosan/nano-lignin based composite as a new sorbent for enhanced removal of dye pollution from aqueous solutions.

The utilization of renewable and functional group enriched nano-lignin as bio-additve in fabricating composite has become the focus of attention worldwide. Herein, lignin nanoparticles in the form of hollow spheres with the diameter of the order of 138 ± 39 nm were directly prepared from agro-industrial waste (palm kernel shell) using recyclable tetrahydrofuran in an acidified aqueous system without any chemical modification steps. We then fabricated a new chitosan/nano-lignin composite material as highly efficient sorbent, as demonstrated by efficient removal (~83%) of methylene blue (MB) dye under natural pH conditions.

Prevalence of in poultry processing environments in wet markets in Penang and Perlis, Malaysia.

Aim: The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of various serotypes in chickens, carcass contact surfaces as well as environmental samples collected from wet markets and small scale processing plant.

Materials And Methods: A total of 182 poultry and environmental samples were collected at random on separate occasions from wet markets and small scale processing plant, during the period of October 2014 to July 2015 in Penang and Perlis, Malaysia. The samples were analyzed for the presence of using ISO 6579:2002 conventional culture-based method.