Prediction of dementia using CT imaging in stroke (PRODUCTS).

Introduction: A better understanding of who will develop dementia can inform patient care. Although MRI offers prognostic insights, access is limited globally, whereas CT-imaging is readily available in acute stroke. We explored the prognostic utility of acute CT-imaging for predicting dementia.

The Association of Ancillary Diagnostic Tests With Outcome in Dementia.

Objectives: Dementia is a clinical diagnosis without curative treatment. It is uncertain whether ancillary testing is beneficial for patients. This study investigates the association between use of diagnostic tests and time to poor outcome and health care costs.

Prevention of dementia using mobile phone applications (PRODEMOS): a multinational, randomised, controlled effectiveness-implementation trial.

Background: The expected increase of dementia prevalence in the coming decades will mainly be in low-income and middle-income countries and in people with low socioeconomic status in high-income countries. This study aims to reduce dementia risk factors in underserved populations at high-risk using a coach-supported mobile health (mHealth) intervention.

Methods: This open-label, blinded endpoint, hybrid effectiveness-implementation randomised controlled trial (RCT) investigated whether a coach-supported mHealth intervention can reduce dementia risk in people aged 55-75 years of low socioeconomic status in the UK or from the general population in China with at least two dementia risk factors.

Physical and brain frailty in ischaemic stroke or TIA: Shared occurrence and outcomes. A cohort study.

Background: There is increasing interest in the concept of frailty in stroke, including both physical frailty and imaging-evidence of brain frailty. We aimed to establish the prevalence of brain frailty in stroke survivors as well as the concurrent and predictive validity of various frailty measures against long-term cognitive outcomes.

Methods: We included consecutively admitted stroke or transient ischaemic attack (TIA) survivors from participating stroke centres.

Cerebral perfusion and the risk of cognitive decline and dementia in community dwelling older people.

Background: The arterial spin labeling-spatial coefficient of variation (sCoV) is a new vascular magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) parameter that could be a more sensitive marker for dementia-associated cerebral microvascular disease than the commonly used MRI markers cerebral blood flow (CBF) and white matter hyperintensity volume (WMHV).

Methods: 195 community-dwelling older people with hypertension were invited to undergo MRI twice, with a three-year interval. Cognition was evaluated every two years for 6-8 years using the mini-mental state examination (MMSE).

Antithrombotic therapy to prevent cognitive decline in people with small vessel disease on neuroimaging but without dementia.

Background: Cerebral small vessel disease is a progressive disease of the brain's deep perforating blood vessels. It is usually diagnosed based on lesions seen on brain imaging. Cerebral small vessel disease is a common cause of stroke but can also cause a progressive cognitive decline.

Comparative validity of informant tools for assessing pre-stroke cognitive impairment.

Objectives: Various informant-based questionnaires are used in clinical practice to screen for pre-stroke cognitive problems. However, there is no guidance on which tool should be preferred. We compared the validity of the two most commonly used informant-based tools.

Attitudes and views on healthy lifestyle interventions for the prevention of dementia and cardiovascular disease among older people with low socioeconomic status: a qualitative study in the Netherlands.

Objectives: Individuals with a low socioeconomic status (SES) have an increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and dementia, partly due to the high prevalence of unhealthy behaviours in this population. Interventions targeting lifestyle-related risk factors can potentially delay or prevent CVD and dementia onset. In this study, we explore the attitudes, experiences and views of low SES older adults on healthy lifestyles for the prevention of CVD and dementia.

Design and Development of a Mobile Health (mHealth) Platform for Dementia Prevention in the Prevention of Dementia by Mobile Phone Applications (PRODEMOS) Project.

Mobile health (mHealth) has the potential to bring preventive healthcare within reach of populations with limited access to preventive services, by delivering personalized support at low cost. Although numerous mHealth interventions are available, very few have been developed following an evidence-based rationale or have been tested for efficacy. This article describes the systematic development of a coach-supported mHealth application to improve healthy lifestyles for the prevention of dementia and cardiovascular disease in the United Kingdom (UK) and China.

Multi-domain interventions for the prevention of dementia and cognitive decline.

Background: Dementia is a worldwide concern. Its global prevalence is increasing. Currently, no effective medical treatment exists to cure or to delay the onset of cognitive decline or dementia.

European Stroke Organisation and European Academy of Neurology joint guidelines on post-stroke cognitive impairment.

The optimal management of post-stroke cognitive impairment remains controversial. These joint European Stroke Organisation (ESO) and European Academy of Neurology (EAN) guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations to assist clinicians in decision making around prevention, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis. These guidelines were developed according to ESO standard operating procedure and the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology.

European Stroke Organisation and European Academy of Neurology joint guidelines on post-stroke cognitive impairment.

Background And Purpose: The optimal management of post-stroke cognitive impairment (PSCI) remains controversial. These joint European Stroke Organisation (ESO) and European Academy of Neurology (EAN) guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations to assist clinicians in decision making regarding prevention, diagnosis, treatment and prognosis.

Methods: Guidelines were developed according to the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluation (GRADE) methodology.

Prevention of dementia using mobile phone applications (PRODEMOS): protocol for an international randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Profiles of high risk for future dementia are well understood and are likely to concern mostly those in low-income and middle-income countries and people at greater disadvantage in high-income countries. Approximately 30%-40% of dementia cases have been estimated to be attributed to modifiable risk factors, including hypertension, smoking and sedentary lifestyle. Tailored interventions targeting these risk factors can potentially prevent or delay the onset of dementia.

[Practice variation in diagnostic testing for dementia; a nation-wide overview].

Objective: To determine variation in diagnostic strategies for diagnosing dementia between Dutch hospitals.

Design: Descriptive, retrospective research based on claim data of Dutch health insurers.

Method: Information on the use of diagnostic ancillary services carried out from 2015 to 2018 was collected via national-level insurance claims for patients who received a (new) diagnose-coding for dementia in 2018.

Association of Benzodiazepine and Anticholinergic Drug Usage With Incident Dementia: A Prospective Cohort Study of Community-Dwelling Older Adults.

Objectives: To examine the association of benzodiazepines and anticholinergic drug usage with the risk of dementia.

Design: Prospective cohort study.

Setting: Community-dwelling participants, recruited in family practices in the Netherlands.

Analysis of survival data with cross-effects of survival functions.

We present a model and semiparametric estimation procedures for analysis of survival data with cross-effects (CE) of survival functions. Finite sample properties of the estimators are analyzed by simulation. A goodness-of-fit test for the proportional hazards model against the CE model is proposed.