Anatomical etiology of bunny lines based on cadaveric dissection and ultrasonographic evaluation.

Bunny lines are vertical and diagonal wrinkles attributed to contractions of the nasalis muscle. Common management involves botulinum toxin (BoNT) injections into wrinkles immediately below the nasal bridge. Here, we investigated the anatomical structures underneath bunny lines and their relationships with adjacent muscular structures.

Intramuscular neural distribution of the vastus medialis for botulinum neurotoxin injection: application to spasticity.

Purpose: A comprehensive understanding of neural distribution within the vastus medialis is crucial for the effective administration of botulinum neurotoxin injections to manage spasticity. The aim of this study was to develop an anatomically informed approach to guide the administration of botulinum neurotoxin injections into the vastus medialis muscle.

Methods: Using a modified Sihler's method, we examined the vastus medialis muscles (20 specimens) to delineate the distribution of nerves relative to a transverse line extending from the anterior superior iliac spine to the base of patella.

Anatomical Injection Guidelines for Glabellar Frown Lines Based on Ultrasonographic Evaluation.

When botulinum neurotoxin (BoNT) is injected to treat glabellar frown lines, the corrugator supercilia muscle (CSM) and procerus muscles are the main targets. Although there have been many studies on the treatment of glabellar frown lines, no study has confirmed the dynamic movement under ultrasonography (US). This study examined and evaluated dynamic muscle movements under US, thereby providing more effective BoNT injection guidelines for glabellar frowning.

Body donation trends in Yonsei University: a statistical analysis of donor records.

Body donation trends in Korea have changed significantly over the last 3 decades. Establishing a body donation system will promote donations to universities for academic purposes. Yonsei University College of Medicine started its own body donation system in 1992, including documenting donors' records.