Background: The relationship between early life factors and childhood pulmonary function and structure in preterm infants remains unclear.
Purpose: This study investigated the impact of bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) and perinatal factors on childhood pulmonary function and structure.
Methods: This longitudinal cohort study included preterm participants aged ≥5 years born between 2005 and 2015.
Bronchopulmonary dysplasia (BPD) can cause respiratory morbidity beyond the neonatal period. We aimed to analyze the association of BPD on childhood lower respiratory illness (LRI) and asthma among patients diagnosed with respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). This case-control study analyzed data between 2002 and 2015 from a nationwide database.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFJ Allergy Clin Immunol
May 2022
Background: The pathophysiology of childhood food allergy (FA) and its natural history are poorly understood. Clarification of the underlying mechanism may help identify novel biomarkers and strategies for clinical intervention in children with FA.
Objective: This study aimed to identify metabolites associated with the development and resolution of FA.
Clin Transl Allergy
October 2021
Background: The upper-airway microbiota may be associated with the pathogenesis of asthma and useful for predicting acute exacerbation. However, the relationship between the lower-airway microbiota and acute exacerbation in children with asthma is not well understood. We evaluated the characteristics of the airway microbiome using induced sputum from children with asthma exacerbation and compared the microbiota-related differences of inflammatory cytokines with those in children with asthma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFThe recent rise in the prevalence of chronic allergic diseases among children has increased disease burden and reduced quality of life, especially for children with comorbid allergic diseases. Predicting the occurrence of allergic diseases can help prevent its onset for those in high risk groups. Herein, we aimed to construct prediction models for asthma, atopic dermatitis (AD), and asthma-AD comorbidity (also known as atopic march) using a genome-wide association study (GWAS) and family history data from patients of Korean heritage.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: Genome-wide association studies (GWASs) of asthma have identified several risk alleles and loci, but most have been conducted in individuals with European-ancestry. Studies in Asians, especially children, are still lacking. We aimed to identify susceptibility loci by performing the first GWAS of asthma in Korean children with persistent asthma.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFObjective: Childhood mortality due to asthma remains problematic; however, asthma-related mortality in Korean children has not been previously described. This study aimed to estimate asthma mortality and morbidity and determine to what extent asthma contributes to childhood mortality in Korea.
Methods: Data from 9 to 12 million children (aged < 18 years) per year recorded for each year between 2002 and 2015 were retrieved from the Korea National Health Insurance claims database.
Introduction: The prognosis of postinfectious bronchiolitis obliterans (PIBO) has many implications, ranging between reduced quality of life and life-threatening complications. We evaluated the prognostic factors for PIBO using the baseline clinical characteristics of patients and built a prediction model for determining the prognoses of PIBO patients using the identified parameters.
Methods: We included 47 PIBO patients who underwent spirometry and impulse oscillometry and followed them up for at least 1 year.
Background: The relationship between allergic and eosinophilic inflammation, either systemic or local, in allergic diseases remains unclear.
Objective: We performed combined genome-wide association study (GWAS) and epigenome-wide (EWAS) for atopy and tissue eosinophilia to identify both genetic and epigenetic signatures between systemic and local allergic inflammation, and to capture global patterns of gene regulation.
Methods: We included 126 subjects for atopy analysis and 147 for tissue eosinophilia analysis, as well as 18 normal nasal tissue samples.
Allergy Asthma Immunol Res
September 2020
The mitochondrial genome encodes core catalytic peptides that affect major metabolic processes within a cell. Here, we investigated the association between mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) variants and allergic diseases, including atopic dermatitis (AD) and asthma, alongside heteroplasmy within the mtDNA in subjects with allergic sensitization. We collected genotype data from 973 subjects with allergic sensitization, consisting of 632 children with AD, 498 children with asthma, and 481 healthy controls by extracting DNA from their blood samples.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBackground: The number of children using home mechanical ventilation (HMV) has increased markedly in Europe and North America, but little is known about the situation in Korea. We described the clinical characteristics of children using HMV and investigated the current situation of HMV utilization in children.
Methods: Data on HMV prescriptions in year 2016 for children under the age of 19 was retrieved from the National Health Insurance Service for nationwide information.
Background: The rapid development in big data analytics and the data-rich environment of intensive care units together provide unprecedented opportunities for medical breakthroughs in the field of critical care. We developed and validated a machine learning-based model, the Pediatric Risk of Mortality Prediction Tool (PROMPT), for real-time prediction of all-cause mortality in pediatric intensive care units.
Methods: Utilizing two separate retrospective observational cohorts, we conducted model development and validation using a machine learning algorithm with a convolutional neural network.
Purpose: We evaluated the expression of glutaminolysis-related proteins in Hurthle cell neoplasms (HCN) and follicular neoplasms (FN) of the thyroid, and investigated its clinical implication.
Methods: Tissue microarrays were constructed from 264 FNs (112 follicular carcinomas [FCs] and 152 follicular adenomas [FAs]) and 108 HCNs (27 Hurthle cell carcinomas [HCCs] and 81 Hurthle cell adenomas [HCAs]. The immunohistochemical staining result of 3 glutaminolysis-related proteins (Glutaminase 1 [GLS1], glutaminate dehydrogenase [GDH] and alanine- serine, cysteine-preferring transporter 2 [ASCT2]) was analyzed.
Summary: The Electron Microscopy Hole Punch (EMHP) is a streamlined suite of tools for quick assessment, sorting and hole masking of electron micrographs. With recent advances in single-particle electron cryo-microscopy (cryo-EM) data processing allowing for the rapid determination of protein structures using a smaller computational footprint, we saw the need for a fast and simple tool for data pre-processing that could run independent of existing high-performance computing (HPC) infrastructures. EMHP provides a data preprocessing platform in a small package that requires minimal python dependencies to function.
View Article and Find Full Text PDFBreast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed malignant tumor in women worldwide and contributes significantly as the primary cause of female cancer related mortality. Hence, research is focused on discovering new and effective treatment targets. The breast tumor microenvironment (TME) comprising of recruited host stromal cells and tumor cells, has recently emerged as an important player in tumor progression, with the potential for future treatment.
View Article and Find Full Text PDF