Colorimetric identification of colorless acid vapors using a metal-organic framework-based sensor.

In terms of safety and emergency response, identifying hazardous gaseous acid chemicals is crucial for ensuring effective evacuation and administering proper first aid. However, current studies struggle to distinguish between different acid vapors and remain in the early stages of development. In this study, we propose an on-site monitorable acid vapor decoder, MOF-808-EDTA-Cu, integrating the robust MOF-808 with Cu-EDTA, functioning as a proton-triggered colorimetric decoder that translates the anionic components of corrosive acids into visible colors.

Salvage pathway of vitamin B absorption in chickens with mutant tumor virus a receptor.

The tumor virus A receptor (TVA), a member of the low-density lipoprotein receptor (LDLR) family, serves as an entry receptor for Avian Leukosis Virus (ALV) subgroups A and K, as well as a receptor for vitamin B bound to transcobalamin. Naturally occurring genetic variants in the TVA gene determine susceptibility or resistance to ALV-A and -K, but the effects of these mutated TVA on vitamin B uptake have not been investigated systemically. We found four TVA variants comprising the wild type (TVA), a single nucleotide polymorphism variant (TVA), and two partial deletions in the splicing branch point region (TVA).

Cerebellar hemorrhage in neonates: pattern analysis by ultrasonography and magnetic resonance imaging.

Background: Cerebellar hemorrhage in neonates is increasingly being identified but is still underdiagnosed. While magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is the optimal imaging modality for cerebellar hemorrhage evaluation, ultrasonography (US) is commonly used for screening. Characterizing the patterns and distribution of cerebellar hemorrhage lesions can help facilitate its detection by aiding to focus on prevailing type of cerebellar hemorrhage.

Effectiveness and safety of human placenta hydrolysate injection into subacromial space in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome: a single-blind, randomized trial.

Background: Human placental hydrolysate (hPH) contains anti-inflammatory substances. This study aimed to analyze whether injecting hPH into the subacromial space could reduce pain in patients with shoulder impingement syndrome.

Methods: This single-blind, randomized controlled study enrolled 50 patients with shoulder impingement syndrome who were randomly assigned to either the hPH or placebo groups.

A Wonderful Journey: The Diverse Roles of Adenosine Deaminase Action on RNA 1 (ADAR1) in Central Nervous System Diseases.

Background: Adenosine deaminase action on RNA 1 (ADAR1) can convert the adenosine in double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) molecules into inosine in a process known as A-to-I RNA editing. ADAR1 regulates gene expression output by interacting with RNA and other proteins; plays important roles in development, including growth; and is linked to innate immunity, tumors, and central nervous system (CNS) diseases.

Results: In recent years, the role of ADAR1 in tumors has been widely discussed, but its role in CNS diseases has not been reviewed.

Therapy-induced senescent cancer cells contribute to cancer progression by promoting ribophorin 1-dependent PD-L1 upregulation.

Conventional chemotherapy- and radiotherapy-induced cancer senescence, which is characterized by poor proliferation, drug resistance, and senescence-associated secretory phenotype, has gained attention as contributing to cancer relapse and the development of an immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. However, the association between cancer senescence and anti-tumor immunity is not fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that senescent cancer cells increase the level of PD-L1 by promoting its transcription and glycosylation.

Corticomuscular Coherence Existed at the Single Motor Unit Level.

The monosynaptic cortico-motoneuronal connections suggest the possibility of individual motor units (MUs) receiving independent commands from motor cortex. However, previous studies that used corticomuscular coherence (CMC) between electroencephalogram (EEG) signals and electromyogram (EMG) signals have not directly explored the corticospinal functionality at the single motoneuron level. The objective of this study is to find out whether synchronous activities exist between the motor cortex and individual MUs.

Determination and validation of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAH4) in katsuobushi, plant-based food supplements, and cocoa bean shells using GC-MS/MS.

Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are primarily generated through the incomplete combustion or pyrolysis of organic materials in various industrial processes. Foods may become contaminated with environmental PAHs found in air, soil, or water, or through industrial food processing methods such as smoking, roasting, drying, and grilling. The Ministry of Health and Welfare in Taiwan has established maximum levels for benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) and indicative values for BaP as well as PAH4 (the sum of benz[a]anthracene, chrysene, benzo[b]fluoranthene, and benzo[a]pyrene) in foods as operational guidelines.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease and the most prevalent type of senile dementia affecting more than 6 million Americans in 2023. Most of these AD cases are sporadic or late-onset AD with unclear etiology. Recent clinical trials on antibody drug clearing Ab plagues in brain show modest benefits of slowing down cognitive decline.

Impact of Multidrug-Resistant Bacterial Colonization on Clinical Characteristics, Antibiotic Treatment, and Clinical Outcomes of Hospital-Acquired Pneumonia.

Purpose: To determine effects of colonization with multidrug-resistant bacteria (MDRB) in general wards on characteristics, treatment, and prognosis of hospital-acquired pneumonia (HAP).

Methods: This was a multicenter retrospective cohort study of patients with HAP admitted to 16 tertiary or university hospitals in Korea from July 2019 to December 2019. From the entire cohort, patients who developed pneumonia in general wards with known colonization status before the onset of pneumonia were included in this study.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: TBI is the 3rd greatest risk factor for developing AD, behind genetics and aging. TBI is associated with a 3-4 year earlier onset of cognitive impairment, and increased cortical thinning and amyloid plaques in people with AD. The underlying mechanisms of this relationship are not understood, and as a result there are no treatments that protect patients from accelerated AD after TBI.

Basic Science and Pathogenesis.

Background: Beta-2 microglobulin (β2m) is a component of the major histocompatibility complex class I (MHC-I) playing a crucial role in the immune system on cell surface, but it can be separated from the MHC-I and exist in biological fluid independently. Numerous reports have shown that β2m is a systemic pro-aging factor impairing cognitive function, and that it is increased in the blood and CSF of patients with Alzheimer's disease (AD). While β2m in the body fluid has been recognized as a potential factor in AD and aging, the development of therapeutic agents, especially those directly targeting β2m using antibodies, may face challenges.

Enhancing Mechanical Resilience in Li-Ion Battery Cathodes with Nanoscale Elastic Framework Coatings.

Lattice volume changes in Li-ion batteries active materials are unavoidable during electrochemical cycling, posing significant engineering challenges from the particle to the electrode level. In this study, we present an elastic framework coating designed to absorb and reversibly release strain energy associated with particle volume changes, thereby enhancing mechanical resilience at both the particle and electrode levels. This framework, composed of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), is applied to nickel-rich LiNiCoMnO (NCM9055) cathodes at a low loading of 0.

Long-term Patency and Complications of Endovascular and Surgical Revascularization for Takayasu Arteritis.

Purpose: Takayasu arteritis (TAK) is a rare form of chronic vasculitis that is common in Asian female. As TAK predominantly affects young female with a longer life expectancy than those with atherosclerotic diseases, assessing the specific long-term outcomes of TAK treatment is important. Therefore, this study aimed to evaluate the long-term outcomes and post-procedural complications of surgical and endovascular treatment for TAK.

Optimizing Triage in Chemical Disasters: Validation of Modified IGSA Criteria for Hydrofluoric Acid Exposure.

Objective: This study aimed to develop and validate the modified irritant gas syndrome agent (IGSA) criteria, utilizing readily available triage information and epidemiologic data to efficiently segregate patients based on the severity of hydrofluoric acid (HFA) exposure.

Methods: A retrospective analysis of 160 patients exposed to HFA was performed to develop the criteria and assess the criteria's efficacy, focusing on age, respiratory rate, and compliance with IGSA standards. The criteria's validity was assessed by comparing clinical outcomes between patients meeting the modified IGSA (mIGSA) criteria and those who did not as external and internal.

Radiographic Predictors of Difficult Fiberscopic Intubation During General Anesthesia in Patients With a Cervical Collar to Simulate a Difficult Airway.

Background: Predictors of difficult fiberscopic intubation have not been fully elucidated. This study focused on identifying radiographic predictors of difficult fiberscopic intubation during general anesthesia in patients with a cervical collar.

Methods: This retrospective study included unconscious patients who underwent orotracheal intubation using a flexible fiberscope while wearing a cervical collar to simulate a difficult airway.

Anti-inflammatory and osteoconductive multi-functional nanoparticles for the regeneration of an inflamed alveolar bone defect.

Infected alveolar bone defects pose challenging clinical issues due to disrupted intrinsic healing mechanisms. Thus, the employment of advanced biomaterials enabling the modulation of several aspects of bone regeneration is necessary. This study investigated the effect of multi-functional nanoparticles on anti-inflammatory/osteoconductive characteristics and bone repair in the context of inflamed bone abnormalities.

Association between Atopic Dermatitis and Dementia: Evidence from Systematic Review, Meta-analysis, and Mendelian Randomization.

Recent cohort studies suggest a potential association between atopic dermatitis and dementia, though the evidence remains conflicting. This study aims to elucidate the association between atopic dermatitis and dementia employing systematic review, meta-analysis, and Mendelian randomization (MR). A comprehensive search was performed to select eligible cohort studies using Medline, Embase, Scopus, ScienceDirect, and the Web of Science database.

Cytokine release syndrome treated with tocilizumab following ipilimumab-nivolumab combination therapy in advanced renal cell carcinoma.

Introduction: Cytokine release syndrome is a rare but potentially life-threatening complication of immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy. Its occurrence in renal cell carcinoma treated with combination therapy is less recognized and poses significant management challenges.

Case Presentation: A 50-year-old male with metastatic renal cell carcinoma developed severe cytokine release syndrome after receiving ipilimumab-nivolumab combination therapy.

Impacts of heart rate variability on post-traumatic stress disorder risks after physical injuries: amplification with childhood abuse histories.

Introduction: This study examined the moderating effects of childhood abuse histories on the associations between low frequency (LF) and high frequency (HF) components of heart rate variability (HRV) and the development of post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD).

Methods: Participants with physical injuries were recruited from a trauma center and followed for two years. Baseline assessments included LF, HF, and childhood abuse histories, assessed using the Nemesis Childhood Trauma Interview.

Effect of remimazolam on postoperative delirium and cognitive function in adults undergoing general anesthesia or procedural sedation: a meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials.

Background: Remimazolam is a novel short-acting benzodiazepine. This study compared the effects of remimazolam and propofol on cognitive function in adult patients after surgery or other procedures.

Methods: We searched electronic databases, including PubMed, EMBASE, CENTRAL, Web of Science, and SCOPUS, for relevant studies.

Association between obstructive sleep apnea and albuminuria in Korean adults: a nationwide populationbased study.

Background: Obstructive sleep apnea (OSA) is a sleep disorder associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular and metabolic complications. Albuminuria, an early marker of kidney damage, is a proposed risk factor for OSA and its adverse outcomes. The study explored the association between OSA and albuminuria in Korean adults.

1.6-Inch Transparent Micro-Display with Pixel Circuit Integrated microLED Chip Array by Misalignment-Free Transfer.

Recent advances in mass transfer technology are expected to bring next-generation micro light-emitting diodes (µLED) displays into reality, although reliable integration of the active-matrix backplane with the transferred µLEDs remains as a challenge. Here, the µLED display technology is innovated by demonstrating pixel circuit-integrated micro-LEDs (PIMLEDs) and integrating them onto a transparent glass substrate. The PIMLED comprises of low-temperature poly-silicon transistors and GaN µLED.

Association between Bioelectrical Impedance Parameters, Magnetic Resonance Imaging Muscle Parameters, and Fatty Liver Severity in Children and Adolescents.

Background/aims: To evaluate the associations between pediatric fatty liver severity, bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA), and magnetic resonance imaging parameters, including total psoas muscle surface area (tPMSA) and paraspinal muscle fat (PMF).

Methods: Children and adolescents who underwent BIA and liver magnetic resonance imaging between September 2022 and November 2023 were included. Linear regression analyses identified predictors of liver proton density fat fraction (PDFF) including BIA parameters, tPMSA, and PMF.