Incidence and Predictors of Cataract among People with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: Using Secondary Data Analysis from the Ansan Cohort of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study.

Purpose: This study investigated the incidence and risk factors of cataract in people with diabetes mellitus (DM) using data from Ansan cohort of the Korean Genome and Epidemiology Study (KoGES).

Methods: Data from a total of 329 patients with type 2 DM without cataract who participated in Ansan cohort of the KoGES from baseline survey (2001-2002) to fifth follow-up visit (2011-2012) were examined. The characteristics of the subjects were analyzed with frequency and percentage, and mean and standard deviation.

Coinfection of hepatitis A virus genotype IA and IIIA complicated with autoimmune hemolytic anemia, prolonged cholestasis, and false-positive immunoglobulin M anti-hepatitis E virus: a case report.

A 37-year-old male presented with fever and jaundice was diagnosed as hepatitis A complicated with progressive cholestasis and severe autoimmune hemolytic anemia. He was treated with high-dose prednisolone (1.5 mg/kg), and eventually recovered.

Atypical manifestations of hepatitis A infection: a prospective, multicenter study in Korea.

The clinical outcome of symptomatic hepatitis A and the incidence and clinical characteristics of atypical presentation of hepatitis A were studied using prospective, multicenter design. The atypical presentation included delayed anti-hepatitis A virus (HAV) immunoglobulin M (IgM) seroconversion defined as positive anti-HAV IgM on the repeated test within 7 days of hospital admission after the initially negative result, prolonged cholestasis, and acute kidney injury (AKI). A total of 595 patients with symptomatic hepatitis A requiring hospital admission were enrolled prospectively from September 2006 to August 2008 in four major hospitals in a Korean city with a population of approximately 1 million.

Cytotoxic effects of the conjugated linoleic acid isomers t10c12, c9t11-CLA and mixed form on rat hepatic stellate cells and CCl4-induced hepatic fibrosis.

Rat hepatic stellate cells (HSC-T6) were incubated for 24 h with 10-180 microM of t10c12 (98%), c9t11 (96%) and a mixed form (c9,t11:t10,c12; 41%:44%) of conjugated linoleic acid (CLA). The MTS dye reduction was measured to verify cell viability in a dose-dependent manner. Among the three CLAs, c9,t11-CLA exhibited the most intense cytotoxic effect on HSCs, the survival rate of which was reduced to 60% under 80 microM of treatment, while cell survival was slightly affected by the mixed form.

The physiological role of CPR1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae KNU5377 against menadione stress by proteomics.

In order to understand the functional role of CPR1 in Saccharomyces cerevisiae KNU5377 with regard to its multi-tolerance characteristics against high temperatures, inorganic acids, and oxidative stress conditions, whole cellular proteins were analyzed via liquid chromatography electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry (LC-ESI-MS/MS). This procedure was followed by two-dimensional (2-D) gel electrophoresis. Under menadione stress conditions, the 23 upregulated proteins were clearly identified only in the wildtype strain of KNU5377.

A knockout strain of CPR1 induced during fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae KNU5377 is susceptible to various types of stress.

To investigate the tolerance factor of Saccharomyces cerevisiae KNU5377 against various types of environmental stress during fermentation, we identified the protein that is upregulated at high temperatures. The highly upregulated protein was high-score-matched as a cytoplasmic peptidyl-prolyl cis-trans isomerase, cyclophilin (Cpr1p), by matrix-assisted laser desorption ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF). We constructed a CPR1-deleted KNU5377 strain (KNU5377Y cpr1Delta) to determine the roles of the protein under fermentative or stress condition.

Heat shock causes oxidative stress and induces a variety of cell rescue proteins in Saccharomyces cerevisiae KNU5377.

In this study, we attempted to characterize the physiological response to oxidative stress by heat shock in Saccharomyces cerevisiae KNU5377 (KNU5377) that ferments at a temperature of 40 degrees C. The KNU5377 strain evidenced a very similar growth rate at 40 degrees C as was recorded under normal conditions. Unlike the laboratory strains of S.

Up-regulation of Metabotropic glutamate receptor 3 (mGluR3) in rat fibrosis and cirrhosis model of persistent hypoxic condition.

Glutamate is the major excitatory neurotransmitter in the central nervous system, and evidence for peripheral glutamatergic fibers in mammals is still lacking. However, glutamate receptors have been identified in peripheral organs, including taste buds, myenteric plexus, and pancreatic islet cell. Protection against anoxic damage could also be explained by mechanisms mediated by postsynaptic mGluR2 or mGluR3, such as the inhibition of membrane excitability resulting from a reduction of cAMP formation by a G-protein-dependent modulation of ion channels.

Hypoxia potentiates transforming growth factor-beta expression of hepatocyte during the cirrhotic condition in rat liver.

Background/aims: Many studies have reported that hypoxia might be associated with angiogenesis and fibrogenesis, and the level of transforming growth factor-beta1 (TGF-beta1) was increased in fibrotic liver and maximal at cirrhosis. Therefore, we examined the expression of TGF-beta1, phosphorylated-Smad2/3 (p-Smad2/3) of the TGF-beta immediate down stream signaling system and hypoxic status during hepatic fibrogenesis.

Methods: Fibrosis of rats was induced by carbon tetrachloride.

Proteome analysis by bio-active ceramic water in rat liver: contribution to antioxidant enzyme expression, SOD I.

The purpose of this study was to investigate the protective effect of bio-active ceramic water on rat liver. Male Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups of 15 animals each. Groups 1 and 2 were fed bio-active ceramic water and tap water for 4 months, respectively.