Elevated aqueous endothelin-1 concentrations in advanced diabetic retinopathy.

Purpose: Endothelin-1 (ET-1) is a potent vasoconstrictor which seems to be involved in the pathogenesis of diabetic retinopathy (DR). However, studies on intraocular ET-1 in DR have been limited. Thus, we investigated aqueous ET-1 levels in patients with DR.

Prevalence of focal lamina cribrosa defects in eyes with pachychoroid disease spectrum.

Aim: To determine the prevalence of focal lamina cribrosa (LC) defect among patients with pachychoroid disease spectrum (PDS) in the absence of peripapillary retinoschisis.

Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study comprised of 180 patients with PDS, including polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV), central serous chorioretinopathy, and pachychoroidal neovasculopathy. Medical records and optic nerve head evaluations conducted using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography with enhanced depth imaging were reviewed.

Changes in peripapillary and subfoveal choroidal thickness in patients with central retinal vein occlusion.

Purpose: We sought to evaluate changes of mean peripapillary choroidal thickness (PCT) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) over 12 months in patients with unilateral central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO).

Methods: Our retrospective, observational study included 19 patients with treatment-naïve, unilateral CRVO who completed at least 12 months of follow-up period. Mean PCT and mean SFCT in CRVO-affected eyes and unaffected contralateral eyes were measured at each follow-up visit, and then compared.

Significant elevation of aqueous endothelin-1 in central retinal vein occlusion.

Purpose: To investigate aqueous humor concentrations of endothelin-1 (ET-1) in patients with central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) compared with patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and a normal control group.

Methods: A total 80 subjects were included in this prospective study, including 15 patients with CRVO, 20 patients with BRVO, and 45 patients who underwent cataract surgery and had no concomitant ocular disease. Aqueous humor levels of ET-1 were obtained before intravitreal bevacizumab injection (IVB) and after 1 month.

Early detection of diabetic retinopathy based on deep learning and ultra-wide-field fundus images.

Visually impaired and blind people due to diabetic retinopathy were 2.6 million in 2015 and estimated to be 3.2 million in 2020 globally.

Clinical characteristics of super stable polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy after initial remission with anti-VEGF monotherapy.

Purpose: To define a "super stable" subset of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) patients that have a long period of remission following anti-vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) therapy.

Methods: Twenty-one eyes that showed no recurrence for over 18 months following anti-VEGF monotherapy were included in the "super stable PCV group" and compared with 37 eyes with recurring disease. Patient demographics, visual acuity, and imaging data from optical coherence tomography (OCT) and fluorescein angiography/indocyanine green angiography were compared between the two groups at baseline and at 3 months after treatment initiation.

Long-term treatment response after intravitreal bevacizumab injections for patients with central serous chorioretinopathy.

Purpose: To investigate long-term treatment response after intravitreal bevacizumab injections (IVBIs) for central serous chorioretinopathy (CSC).

Methods: This retrospective, interventional study investigated the medical records of 45 eyes of 44 patients with CSC who underwent IBVIs and completed at least 2-year follow-up period. Complete resolution (CR) was defined as complete resolution of subretinal fluid at least 3 months after the last IVBI.

Focal lamina cribrosa defects and significant peripapillary choroidal thinning in patients with unilateral branch retinal vein occlusion.

Purpose: To investigate the prevalence of focal lamina cribrosa (LC) defects in patients with unilateral branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) and to compare ocular characteristics between eyes with and without focal LC defect and those eyes with normal-tension glaucoma (NTG).

Methods: This retrospective, cross-sectional study included 121 patients. Thirty-nine patients had unilateral BRVO (BRVO group), 36 patients had NTG (NTG group), and 36 patients had vitreous floaters, but no other ocular diseases (control group).

Clinical characteristics of asymptomatic Terson syndrome in the patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage.

Aim: To investigate clinical characteristics of asymptomatic Terson syndrome and its clinical impact in patients with aneurysmal subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH).

Methods: This retrospective, interventional study included 31 patients with aneurysmal SAH, and the medical records were reviewed. In addition to baseline characteristics of the study population such as age, sex, and underlying medical history, multi-modal imaging analysis, including fluorescein angiography (FA), spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD-OCT), were also reviewed.

Significant changes of the choroid in patients with ocular ischemic syndrome and symptomatic carotid artery stenosis.

Purpose: To evaluated the changes in choroidal vasculature in patients with ocular ischemic syndrome (OIS) and in the ipsilateral eyes of patients with symptomatic carotid artery stenosis (CAS).

Method: A total of 50 patients (15 patients with OIS, 10 patients with symptomatic CAS, 25 patients of age-and sex-matched control group) were included, and the medical records were retrospectively reviewed. The mean subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) of each eye was measured, and binary images of the choroid were evaluated to compare the mean choroidal area and the luminal area.

Sectoral changes of the peripapillary choroidal thickness in patients with unilateral branch retinal vein occlusion.

Aim: To investigate sectoral changes in the mean peripapillary choroidal thickness (PCT) in patients with unilateral branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).

Methods: This retrospective, interventional study included 41 patients with acute, unilateral BRVO without macular edema. All patients completed at least a 6-month follow-up period.

Spectral domain optical coherence tomography as an adjunctive tool for screening Behçet uveitis.

Background: This study investigated the association of central macular thickness (CMT) and macular volume (MV) with severity of Behçet uveitis in the absence of macular edema (ME).

Methods: This retrospective, interventional study included a total 131 treatment-naïve Behçet patients with varying degree of uveitis in the absence of ME. The mean CMT and MV were obtained by spectral domain optical coherence tomography (SD ODT).

SIGNIFICANT REDUCTION OF BOTH PERIPAPILLARY AND SUBFOVEAL CHOROIDAL THICKNESS AFTER PANRETINAL PHOTOCOAGULATION IN PATIENTS WITH TYPE 2 DIABETES.

Purpose: To evaluate changes in peripapillary choroidal thickness (PCT) and subfoveal choroidal thickness (SFCT) after panretinal photocoagulation (PRP) for diabetic retinopathy.

Methods: This retrospective interventional study included 59 treatment-naive eyes of 33 patients who underwent PRP and completed ≥12 months of follow-up. Peripapillary choroidal thickness and SFCT were measured at baseline and 1, 3, 6, and 12 months post-PRP.

SIGNIFICANT REDUCTION OF PERIPAPILLARY CHOROIDAL THICKNESS IN PATIENTS WITH UNILATERAL BRANCH RETINAL VEIN OCCLUSION.

Purpose: To evaluate changes in peripapillary choroidal thickness in patients with branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO) over 12 months, using spectral-domain optical coherence tomography with enhanced depth imaging.

Methods: This retrospective, interventional case series included 20 treatment-naive patients with unilateral BRVO with at least 12 months follow-up. The peripapillary choroidal thickness was measured over 12 months.

Gas-mediated vitreomacular adhesion release with intravitral ranibizumab injections for exudative age-related macular degeneration.

Purpose: To evaluate the efficiency of gas-assisted vitreomacular adhesion (VMA) release combined with intravitreal ranibizumab injections for exudative age-related macular degeneration (AMD) patients.

Materials And Methods: This prospective, interventional case series included a total of 23 eyes of 22 patients. The eyes were treated with intravitreal injection of 0.

Baseline polyp size as a potential predictive factor for recurrence of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy.

Purpose: To investigate the predictive factors for recurrence of polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV).

Methods: The medical records of 78 consecutive patients (78 eyes) with treatment-naïve PCV who responded to first-line treatment and completed at least a 3-year follow-up after the first remission were retrospectively analyzed. In this comparative cohort study, baseline characteristics were compared between the patients who had at least one recurrence (the recurrence group) and those without recurrence (the non-recurrence group) during at least 3-year follow-up periods.

Ramipril inhibits high glucose-stimulated up-regulation of adhesion molecules via the ERK1/2 MAPK signaling pathway in human umbilical vein endothelial cells.

Ramipril has recently been shown to have anti-atherogenic properties. However, the specific mechanisms underlying these effects remain unclear. The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of ramipril on induction of adhesion molecules in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs) using high-glucose (HG) conditions and to investigate possible underlying molecular mechanisms.

The effect of consumption of ethanol on subfoveal choroidal thickness in acute phase.

Background/aims: To investigate the acute effect of ethanol consumption on subfoveal choroidal thickness.

Methods: This prospective interventional study included the right eyes of 30 healthy subjects (30 eyes). Ethanol (1.

Association of Spectral-Domain Optical Coherence Tomography Findings with Visual Outcome of Macula-Off Rhegmatogenous Retinal Detachment Surgery.

Purpose: To identify prognostic factors for the visual outcome for patients with macula-off rhegmatogenous retinal detachment (RRD).

Methods: The medical records of 27 patients (27 eyes) with macula-off RRD were retrospectively investigated. In addition to clinical characteristics, spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (SD OCT) images were analyzed.

Diffuse unilateral subacute neuroretinitis in a healthy Korean male: the first case report in Korea.

A 52-yr-old male was referred for progressive visual loss in the left eye. The decimal best-corrected visual acuity (BCVA) was 0.01.

Visual outcome and prognostic factors after surgery for a secondary epiretinal membrane associated with branch retinal vein occlusion.

Purpose: To assess the visual outcome and prognostic factors after surgery for a secondary epiretinal membrane (ERM) due to branch retinal vein occlusion (BRVO).

Methods: Medical records of 33 patients (33 eyes) were retrospectively reviewed. All patients underwent vitrectomy and completed at least one year of follow-up.

Long-term progression of retinal vasculitis in Behçet patients using a fluorescein angiography scoring system.

Background: To evaluate the long-time progression of retinal vasculitis in Behçet patients using the fluorescein angiography (FA) scoring system.

Methods: Retrospective study was conducted for 71 eyes of 43 patients who met the study criteria. All patients completed at least 2 years of follow-up.

Reversal of early central retinal vein occlusion by alleviating optic nerve edema with an intravitreal dexamethasone implant.

This case describes the reversal of early central retinal vein occlusion (CRVO) with disc swelling after intravitreal dexamethasone implant (Ozurdex) injection. A 44-year-old female presented with sudden-onset intermittent blurred vision in her left eye. Fundus examination revealed multiple retinal hemorrhages without macular edema (ME).