Atypical Plasma Cell Leukemia Mistaken for Acute Leukemia: A Case Report.

The patient we present here had many clinical, morphological, and laboratory findings characteristic of acute leukemia. During the course of the disease, the diagnosis changed from acute leukemia to chronic small B-cell lymphoproliferative disease, a blastoid variant of mantle cell lymphoma, and finally to atypical plasma cell leukemia. Atypical plasma cell leukemia is a rare condition with aggressive biological behavior.

Significance of PD-L1 and Tumor Microenvironment in Laryngeal Squamous Cell Cancer.

Background: Despite the considerable advancement in the field of medicine over recent decades, laryngeal cancer continues to be a challenge. The field of immune oncology has generated promising immunomodulation therapies and opened up new ways of treatment.

Methods: Our retrospective study included 102 patients diagnosed with laryngeal squamous cell cancer (LSCC).

Two lymphoma histotypes and papillary thyroid carcinoma coexisting on Hashimoto ground: a case report and review of the literature.

Background: Papillary carcinoma is the most frequent type of thyroid carcinoma, while primary thyroid lymphoma is uncommon disease. The coexistence of these entities has already been described, and the common risk factor is considered Hashimoto thyroiditis. The two most frequent histotypes of primary thyroid lymphoma are diffuse large B-cell and mucosa-associated lymphoid tissue lymphoma, but the coexistence of both with papillary carcinoma is rarely reported.

Effectiveness of VSV vectored SARS-CoV-2 spike when administered through intranasal, intramuscular or a combination of both.

A critical feature of the VSV vector platform is the ability to pseudotype the virus with different glycoproteins from other viruses, thus altering cellular tropism of the recombinant virus. The route of administration is critical in triggering local and systemic immune response and protection. Most of the vaccine platforms used at the forefront are administered by intramuscular injection.

Cross protection to SARS-CoV-2 variants in hamsters with naturally-acquired immunity.

Since SARS-CoV-2 was first reported in late 2019, multiple variations of the original virus have emerged. Each variant harbors accumulations of mutations, particularly within the spike glycoprotein, that are associated with increased viral transmissibility and escape immunity. The different mutations in the spike protein of different variants shape the subsequent antibody and T cell responses, such that exposure to different spike proteins can result in reduced or enhanced responses to heterologous variants further down the line.

Long-Term Care and Follow-Up in Laryngeal Cancer Patients: A Multicenter Retrospective Analysis.

Purpose: We conducted an outcome analysis on surgically treated laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) patients.

Methods: A multicenter retrospective study with 352 patients was analyzed. A new nomogram that incorporates age, T- and N-classification, and treatment was created.

A Comparison of Bone Marrow Morphology and Peripheral Blood Findings in Low and High Level V617F Allele Burden.

Cases with low level V617F mutations are increasingly detected; however, the clinical interpretation of the low allele burden may be challenging. The aim of this study is to analyze and compare the bone marrow morphology and peripheral blood findings in the low level V617F allele burden (≤15% of ) and high V617F mutation burden patients (>15% ). In total, 122 V617F positive cases with concomitant bone marrow biopsies and peripheral blood findings were re-evaluated (62 low and 60 high level V617F positive).

Association of pre-treatment bone marrow morphology and achievement of BCR-ABL1 transcript milestones in CML.

Chronic myeloid leukemia (CML) is characterized by the fusion gene BCR-ABL1 which encodes aberrantly functioning tyrosine kinase. Treatment with tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKI) is a landmark of CML management and the main goal is to achieve major molecular response (MMR) which is defined as BCR-ABL1 ≤ 0.1 % at 12 months of therapy.

Primary Nodal Unclassifiable CD20 Negative Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma With Dual and Gene Rearrangement: A Diagnostic Challenge.

Non-Hodgkin lymphomas are most frequently classified based on the lineage marker expression. However, lymphomas with aberrant marker expression as well as monoclonal Κ and gene rearrangements may co-exist which can be misleading and confusing. Primary CD20 negative diffuse large B-cell lymphomas (DLBCL) represent a rare entity, and they account for 1% to 3% of cases.

Undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma in oropharyngeal mucosa of patients with multiple basal cell carcinomas.

Malignant mesenchymal tumors of oropharyngeal mucosa are rare. Those with fibroblastic and histiocytic differentiation in the skin are called atypical fibroxanthoma (AFX) and in the soft tissue undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma (UPS). Here we present a case of an older patient with a history of multiple basal cell carcinomas and recently with a rapidly growing polypoid lesion in the mucosa of posterior oropharyngeal wall with AFX/UPS morphology.

Bone Marrow Burkitt Lymphoma in a Child.

Burkitt lymphoma (BL) is a highly aggressive but potentially curable disease as long as adequately treated within due time. BL may occur primarily and exclusively in the bone marrow as a form of peripheral and extranodal disease. BL cases with isolated bone marrow involvement are challenging in regard to a prompt diagnostic process.

The expression of ribonuclear protein IMP3 in laryngeal carcinogenesis.

Objective: The aim of the study was to investigate the expression of ribonuclear protein IMP3 in laryngeal carcinogenesis, together with other biomarkers of carcinogenesis (Ki-67, p53 and cyclin D1), and to evaluate their predictive values.

Methods: The study included 153 patients divided into three groups: 68 operated for primary invasive laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC); 41 with precancerous lesions of atypical and abnormal hyperplasia; 44 with hyperplastic laryngeal nodule without atypia. Tissue microarray technique was used for immunohistochemical analysis.

Malignant Perivascular Epitheloid Cell Tumor with an Unusual Immunophenotype in a Ten-Year-Old Child.

Perivascular epitheloid cell tumors (PEComa) represent a group of usually benign mesenchymal neoplasms. Malignant variants are usually found only in adults. We present a 10-year-old girl with infraclavicular malignant PEComa, negative for HMB-45 and Melan A but focally positive for MITF.

Antiphospholipid antibodies associated with nodal marginal zone lymphoma and its progression to diffuse large B-cell lymphoma-A case report.

An association between autoimmune events, as well as the development of antiphospholipid (aPL) antibodies and lymphoproliferative disorders is well recognized. We present the patient with coagulation abnormalities and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL), primarily diagnosed as nodal marginal zone B-cell lymphoma (NMZL), and in relapse as diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). In the follow-up period, the patient simultaneously developed different aPL antibodies.

Unusual presentation of plasmablastic lymphoma involving ovarian mature cystic teratoma: a case report.

Background: Plasmablastic lymphoma (PBL) is relatively new clinical entity described as a distinct subtype of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL). It is characterized by its aggressive nature and proliferation of large neoplastic cells resembling immunoblasts including cells with more obvious plasmacytic differentiation. In this case report, we describe an unexpected finding of PBL associated with a mature cystic teratoma of the ovary in a young immune competent woman.

The prognostic importance of nuclear factor κB and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α in relation to the breast cancer subtype and the overall survival.

Breast cancer shows extensive clinical and molecular heterogeneity. Prognostic factors are very important for outcome estimation in individual patients. Nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) and hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) are transcriptional factors involved in cancerogenesis and in the metastatic spread of tumor cells.

JAK2-v617F mutation is associated with clinical and laboratory features of myeloproliferative neoplasms.

The aim of this study is to investigate the differences of clinical and laboratory parameters between patients with JAK2-V617F positive myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) and JAK2 wild type MPNs. DNA was isolated from peripheral blood granulocytes of 106 patients treated at Rijeka University Hospital Center: 41 with polycythemia vera (PV), 43 with essential thrombocythemia (ET), 9 with primary myelofibrosis (PMF) and 13 with myeloproliferative neoplasm--unclassifiable (MPN-u). The JAK2-V617F mutation was detected using allele specific PCR.

Comparison of three postoperative follow-up methods in patients with oral cancer.

The goal of this research was to determine the existence of the significant time differences in the identification of the recurrences and neck metastases in the patients surgically treated for the oral cavity cancer by comparing three postoperative follow up methods. The study included 286 patients surgically treated for oral and pharyngeal cancer in period from 1991 to 2007 at three different institutions, divided into three groups based on the different postoperative follow up protocol. In this study we were able to show that the period of identification of recurrences and neck metastases was significantly shorter in the group of patients whose follow up included neck ultrasound, along with methods of inspection and palpation of the oral cavity and the neck.

EGFR expression is linked to osteopontin and Nf-κB signaling in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Aim And Background: Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is a receptor tyrosine kinase involved in many important aspects of cell biology that are related to tumorigenesis. There are opposite evidences of the role of EGFR in renal cancer and the outcome of EGFR-targeted therapies, suggesting the complexity of EGFR signaling pathways. In vitro, osteopontin (OPN) and nuclear factor kappa B (NF-κB) are thought to be involved in specific ligand-independent EGFR activation that could have a role in resistance to EGFR mAb therapy.

EGFR protein overexpression correlates with chromosome 7 polysomy and poor prognostic parameters in clear cell renal cell carcinoma.

Background: The role of epidermal growth factor (EGF) and its receptor (EGFR) in the pathogenesis and progression of various malignant tumors has long been known, but there is still disagreement concerning prognostic significance of EGFR expression in clear cell renal cell carcinoma (CCRCC). The present study was designed to analyze more objectively the protein EGFR expression in CCRCC and to compare its value with EGFR gene copy number changes and clinicopathologic characteristics including patient survival.

Methods: The protein EGFR expression was analyzed immunohistochemically on 94 CCRCC, and gene copy number alterations of EGFR by FISH analysis on 41 CCRCC selected according to distinct membrane EGFR staining.

Concurrent basal cell and squamous cell carcinomas associated with hydroxyurea therapy.

We report a case of a 76-year-old woman with concurrent onset of two primary cutaneous malignancies, one at the fourth finger and another at the dorsum of the same hand. The patient was on long-term therapy with hydroxyurea (HU) for polycythemia vera. Histopathologic and immunohistochemical studies revealed two different malignant cutaneous lesions, i.