Designing a regional clinical service for people with early-onset type 2 diabetes in England.

Aims: To design a regional clinical service for people with early-onset type 2 diabetes (EOT2D) in Leicester, Leicestershire and Rutland (England).

Methods: A literature search was undertaken to identify important considerations. A working group of key stakeholders was formed to design a triage system and service pathway.

Patient-reported outcomes in diabetes-related foot conditions: Is patient experience influenced by ethnicity? A mixed-methods systematic review.

Aims: Research in diabetes-related foot conditions (DRFC) often focuses on ulcer-related care, whilst the patient experience and influence of sociodemographic factors are under-researched. This systematic review investigated patient-reported outcomes and experience in people with DRFC.

Methods: Multiple databases were searched from inception to 16 August 2023.

A cross-sectional time series of cardiometabolic health education format preferences across sociodemographic groups.

Aims: Health education is integral to cardiometabolic disease (CMD) management. This study aimed to assess whether and how education preferences have changed over time, and whether trends differ by sociodemographic characteristics (education status, age, ethnicity, and sex).

Methods: A cross-sectional questionnaire was deployed across five counties in the East Midlands, UK between 2017 and 2022 to adults with CMD (type 2 diabetes, cardiovascular disease or cerebrovascular disease).

Improving retrospective intervention descriptions: Lessons learned from research on type 2 diabetes programmes in the United Kingdom and the Republic of Ireland.

In recent years, multiple countries worldwide have implemented behavioural interventions within national healthcare systems. Describing the content of these interventions is critical to improve their implementation, replication, and effectiveness, as well as to advance behavioural science. Tools, such as the Behaviour Change Technique Taxonomy, can enhance the quality of intervention description and reporting.

Uptake of self-management education programmes for people with type 2 diabetes in primary care through the embedding package: a cluster randomised control trial and ethnographic study.

Background: Self-management education programmes are cost-effective in helping people with type 2 diabetes manage their diabetes, but referral and attendance rates are low. This study reports on the effectiveness of the Embedding Package, a programme designed to increase type 2 diabetes self-management programme attendance in primary care.

Methods: Using a cluster randomised design, 66 practices were randomised to: (1) a wait-list group that provided usual care for nine months before receiving the Embedding Package for nine months, or (2) an immediate group that received the Embedding Package for 18 months.

Implementation and engagement of the SMART Work & Life sitting reduction intervention: an exploratory analysis on intervention effectiveness.

Background: To enhance the impact of interventions, it is important to understand how intervention engagement relates to study outcomes. We report on the level of implementation and engagement with the SMART Work & Life (SWAL) programme (delivered with (SWAL plus desk) and without a height-adjustable desk (SWAL)) and explore the effects of different levels of this on change in daily sitting time in comparison to the control group.

Methods: The extent of intervention delivery by workplace champions and the extent of engagement by champions and participants (staff) with each intervention activity was assessed by training attendance logs, workplace champion withdrawal dates, intervention activities logs and questionnaires.

Participant and workplace champion experiences of an intervention designed to reduce sitting time in desk-based workers: SMART work & life.

Background: A cluster randomised controlled trial demonstrated the effectiveness of the SMART Work & Life (SWAL) behaviour change intervention, with and without a height-adjustable desk, for reducing sitting time in desk-based workers. Staff within organisations volunteered to be trained to facilitate delivery of the SWAL intervention and act as workplace champions. This paper presents the experiences of these champions on the training and intervention delivery, and from participants on their intervention participation.

A multicomponent intervention to reduce daily sitting time in office workers: the SMART Work & Life three-arm cluster RCT.

Background: Office workers spend 70-85% of their time at work sitting. High levels of sitting have been linked to poor physiological and psychological health. Evidence shows the need for fully powered randomised controlled trials, with long-term follow-up, to test the effectiveness of interventions to reduce sitting time.

Understanding how self-management education and support programmes for type 2 diabetes are expected to change behaviour: A document analysis of two programmes.

Aims: Attendance at diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) programmes for type 2 diabetes is associated with positive outcomes, but the impact on some outcomes is inconsistent and tends to decline over time. Understanding the active ingredients of effective programmes is essential to optimise their effectiveness. This study aimed to (1) retrospectively identify behaviour change techniques (BCTs), mechanisms of action (MoAs) and intervention functions in two DSMES programmes, the Community-Oriented Diabetes Education and the Diabetes Education and Self-Management for Ongoing and Newly Diagnosed and (2) examine variation in content between programmes.

User Retention and Engagement in the Digital-Based Diabetes Education and Self-Management for Ongoing and Newly Diagnosed (myDESMOND) Program: Descriptive Longitudinal Study.

Background: Digital health interventions have the potential to improve the physical and psychosocial health of people living with type 2 diabetes. However, research investigating the long-term (≥1 year) retention and engagement of users within these programs is limited.

Objective: The aim of this study was to evaluate long-term user retention and engagement in the digital-based Diabetes Education and Self-Management for Ongoing and Newly Diagnosed (myDESMOND) program, using real-world data.

Change in glycaemic control with structured diabetes self-management education in urban low-resource settings: multicentre randomised trial of effectiveness.

Background: In high-resource settings, structured diabetes self-management education is associated with improved outcomes but the evidence from low-resource settings is limited and inconclusive.

Aim: To compare, structured diabetes self-management education to usual care, in adults with type 2 diabetes, in low-resource settings.

Design: Single-blind randomised parallel comparator controlled multi-centre trial.

Age at Diagnosis of Type 2 Diabetes and Depressive Symptoms, Diabetes-Specific Distress, and Self-Compassion.

Objective: To investigate the association between age at diagnosis of type 2 diabetes and depressive symptoms, diabetes-specific distress, and self-compassion among adults with type 2 diabetes.

Research Design And Methods: This analysis used data from the Chronotype of Patients with Type 2 Diabetes and Effect on Glycemic Control (CODEC) cross-sectional study. Information was collected on depressive symptoms, diabetes-specific distress, and self-compassion, measured using validated self-report questionnaires, in addition to sociodemographic and clinical data.

The Codevelopment of "My Kidneys & Me": A Digital Self-management Program for People With Chronic Kidney Disease.

Background: Health care self-management is important for people living with nondialysis chronic kidney disease (CKD). However, the few available resources are of variable quality.

Objective: This work describes the systematic codevelopment of "My Kidneys & Me" (MK&M), a theory-driven and evidence-based digital self-management resource for people with nondialysis CKD, guided by an established process used for the successful development of the diabetes education program MyDESMOND (Diabetes Education and Self-Management for Ongoing and Newly Diagnosed, DESMOND).

Self-compassion, sleep quality and psychological well-being in type 2 diabetes: a cross-sectional study.

Introduction: Low self-compassion and poor sleep quality have been identified as potential key predictors of distress in type 2 diabetes (T2D). This study investigated relationships between sleep behaviors (sleep duration, social jetlag and daytime sleepiness), diabetes-related distress (DRD) and self-compassion in people with T2D.

Research Design And Methods: This cross-sectional study used data from 467 people with T2D derived from self-report questionnaires, accelerometer-assessed sleep measures and demographic information (clinicaltrials.

Educational preferences in individuals with cardiometabolic disease differs with age, ethnicity and educational status.

Objectives: To evaluate how sociodemographic factors influence educational modality preferences in people with cardiometabolic disease.

Methods: This was a cross-sectional study performed in people with diabetes and cardiovascular disease, who completed a questionnaire to denote their previous experience and ranked preferences for different educational modalities.

Results: The questionnaire was completed by 3751 people, of whom 59% were men, median (interquartile range) age was 68 (59-76) years, and 78% were White European.

Remission of type 2 diabetes and improved diastolic function by combining structured exercise with meal replacement and food reintroduction among young adults: the RESET for REMISSION randomised controlled trial protocol.

Introduction: Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) onset before 40 years of age has a magnified lifetime risk of cardiovascular disease. Diastolic dysfunction is its earliest cardiac manifestation. Low energy diets incorporating meal replacement products can induce diabetes remission, but do not lead to improved diastolic function, unlike supervised exercise interventions.

Cultural adaptation of a diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) programme for two low resource urban settings in Ghana, during the COVID-19 era.

Background: Type 2 diabetes is a significant public health problem globally and associated with significant morbidity and mortality. Diabetes self-management education and support (DSMES) programmes are associated with improved psychological and clinical outcomes. There are currently no structured DSMES available in Ghana.

Physical activity and sedentary behaviour interventions for people living with both frailty and multiple long-term conditions: a scoping review protocol.

Introduction: The number of people living with multiple long-term conditions (MLTCs) is predicted to rise. Within this population, those also living with frailty are particularly vulnerable to poor outcomes, including decreased function. Increased physical activity, including exercise, has the potential to improve function in those living with both MLTCs and frailty but, to date, the focus has remained on older people and may not reflect outcomes for the growing number of younger people living with MLTCs and frailty.

From the United Kingdom to Australia-Adapting a Web-Based Self-management Education Program to Support the Management of Type 2 Diabetes: Tutorial.

Diabetes self-management education and support can improve outcomes in people with diabetes. Providing health interventions via digital modes of delivery can extend the reach of programs delivered through traditional means. The web-based version of the Diabetes Education and Self-Management for Ongoing and Newly Diagnosed (MyDESMOND) is a digital diabetes education and support program for people with type 2 diabetes.

The development of a self-management intervention for stroke survivors - My Life After Stroke (MLAS).

Purpose: Long-term needs of stroke survivors (especially psychosocial needs and stroke prevention) are not adequately addressed. Self-management programmes exist but the optimal content and delivery approach is unclear. We aim to describe the process undertook to develop a structured self-management programme to address these unmet needs.

Developing and Evaluating Behaviour Change Interventions for People with Younger-Onset Type 2 Diabetes: Lessons and Recommendations from Existing Programmes.

People with younger-onset type 2 diabetes (YOT2D, diagnosis before 40 years of age) are at higher risk of morbidity and premature mortality compared with their similar-age type 1 diabetes and later-onset type 2 diabetes peers. Despite recommendations for targeted, behavioural, and psychosocial approaches to optimising health outcomes, there are few such interventions for this group. Furthermore, evaluations of health behaviour change interventions targeting this priority population have proven challenging to complete.

Changes in commuting behaviours in response to the COVID-19 pandemic in the UK.

Background: The UK Government restrictions on non-essential work in response to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic forced millions of working aged-adults into an unplanned lifestyle change. We present data on changes in commuting behaviour in response to COVID-19 and describe the facilitators and barriers to switching commuting behaviours, with a specific focus on cycling and walking.

Methods: An online survey queried individuals' transport mode to/from work before and when becoming aware of COVID-19, when restrictions were in place and the transport mode they may use once restrictions are lifted.

EXTending availability of self-management structured EducatioN programmes for people with type 2 Diabetes in low-to-middle income countries (EXTEND)-a feasibility study in Mozambique and Malawi.

Background: Globally, there are estimated 425 million people with type 2 diabetes (T2D) with 80% from low-middle income countries (LMIC). Diabetes self-management education (DSME) programmes are a vital and core component of the treatment pathway for T2D. Despite LMIC being disproportionally affected by T2D, there are no DSME available that meet international diabetes federation criterion.