Clonal dissemination of an NDM-2-producing Acinetobacter baumannii ST103 clone resulting in an outbreak in an intensive care unit of a Lebanese tertiary care hospital.

Objective: Multidrug-resistant bacteria, including carbapenem-resistant Acinetobacter baumannii (CRAB), are considered a major public health threat, particularly those which are responsible for nosocomial infections. This study aimed to investigate the molecular mechanism of carbapenem resistance and the clonal relationship of CRAB isolates of a probable outbreak in the intensive care unit (ICU) of Saydet Zgharta University Medical Center, in north Lebanon.

Methods: Thirty-two non-duplicate CRAB isolates were collected from patients hospitalised in the ICU.

The effect of combinations of a glyphosate-based herbicide with various clinically used antibiotics on phenotypic traits of Gram-negative species from the ESKAPEE group.

The emission of glyphosate and antibiotic residues from human activities threatens the diversity and functioning of the microbial community. This study examines the impact of a glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) and common antibiotics on Gram-negative bacteria within the ESKAPEE group (Enterococcus faecium, Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Acinetobacter baumannii, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Enterobacter spp. and Escherichia coli).

Algerian postcaesarean surgical site infections: A cross-sectional investigation of the epidemiology, bacteriology, and antibiotic resistance profile.

Background: Surgical site infections (SSIs) are one of the most common health care-associated infections in low and middle-income countries. The aims of this cross-sectional descriptive study were to estimate the frequency of postcaesarean infection with associated clinical characteristics and the antibiotic resistance profile of bacterial isolates.

Methods: Patients who underwent a cesarean section at the obstetrics and gynecology department of the hospital in Annaba, Algeria were included.

Co-existence of NDM-, aminoglycoside- and fluoroquinolone-resistant genes in carbapenem-resistant clinical isolates from Pakistan.

To determine the prevalence of antimicrobial-resistant genes in carbapenem-resistant (CRECO). A total of 290 carbapenem-resistant bacteria were collected from tertiary care hospitals in Lahore (Pakistan). These isolates were confirmed by VITEK 2 and matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time of flight.

The Emergence of Carbapenem- and Colistin-Resistant Enterobacteria in Senegal.

Antibiotic resistance is a public health problem. The emergence of carbapenemase-producing Enterobacterales (CPE) infections is a concern, particularly in Senegal. (1) Methods: Between January 2019 and July 2022, 240 isolates of enterobacteria resistant to third-generation cephalosporins and imipenem from biological samples from Fann Hospital (Dakar) and Hôpital Paix (Ziguinchor) were selected.

Occurrence and characteristics of extended-spectrum-β-lactamase producing Escherichia coli (bla) isolated from Mus musculus captured from a veterinary clinic and houses in Tunis, Tunisia.

Antimicrobial resistance in Enterobacteriaceae is a public health problem. Rodents, can be a potential vector for transmission of multidrug resistant bacteria between animals, humans, and environment. The aim of our study was to assess the level of Enterobacteriaceae present in the intestines of rats collected from different locations in Tunisia, then to determine their antimicrobial susceptibility profiles, to screen extended spectrum β-lactamases-producing strains and determine the molecular mechanism of β-lactams resistance.

Outbreak of carbapenem-resistant enterobacteria in a thoracic-oncology unit through clonal and plasmid-mediated transmission of the gene in Southern France.

Background: Carbapenemase-producing (CPE) represent an increasing threat to public health, especially in hospitals.

Objectives: To investigate an outbreak of CPE in a thoracic-oncology unit by using whole genome sequencing (WGS) and to describe the control measures taken to limit the epidemic, including fecal microbiota transplantation (FMT).

Methods: A retrospective study between December 2016 and October 2017 was performed to investigate an outbreak of CPE in a thoracic-oncology unit at the North Hospital in Marseille, France.

Genetic Diversity and Virulence Profile of Methicillin and Inducible Clindamycin-Resistant Isolates in Western Algeria.

causes a wide range of life-threatening infections. In this study, we determined its prevalence in the hospital environment and investigated nasal carriage among healthcare workers and patients admitted to a hospital in western Algeria. A total of 550 specimens were collected.

Detection by Whole-Genome Sequencing of a Novel Metallo-β-Lactamase Produced by Causing Urinary Tract Infection in Tunisia.

is a rarely non-fermenting Gram-negative bacterium and belongs to the family. This nosocomial pathogen can cause several human infections, especially among immunocompromised patients. Here, we describe the whole genome sequence of a clinical strain isolated from a urine sample of a 35-year-old woman with a urinary tract infection in Tunisia.

Vitamin-D Deficiency and Supplementation Altered the Network of the Coronary Arteries in a Rodent Model-In Situ Video Microscopic Technique.

The aim of our study was to identify whether vitamin-D deficiency (VDD) can alter the geometry of the coronary-resistance-artery system. Male Wistar rats were divided into vitamin-D-deficient (VD-, n = 10) and vitamin-D-supplemented (VD+, n = 8) groups. After eight weeks, branches and segments of the left-anterior-descending-coronary-artery (LAD) network were analyzed by a video-microscopy technique.

Population Diversity of Antibiotic Resistant in Samples From Wildlife Origin in Senegal: Identification of a Multidrug Resistance Transposon Carrying in .

Introduction: The role of wildlife in the transmission of antimicrobial resistant (AMR) is suspected but scarcely reported in current studies. Therefore, we studied the dynamics and prevalence of antibiotic-resistant in antibiotic-limited areas of Senegal.

Materials And Methods: We collected fecal samples from monkeys and apes (N = 226) and non-fecal environmental samples (N = 113) from Senegal in 2015 and 2019.

In Vitro Screening of a 1280 FDA-Approved Drugs Library against Multidrug-Resistant and Extensively Drug-Resistant Bacteria.

Alternative strategies against multidrug-resistant (MDR) bacterial infections are suggested to clinicians, such as drug repurposing, which uses rapidly available and marketed drugs. We gathered a collection of MDR bacteria from our hospital and performed a phenotypic high-throughput screening with a 1280 FDA-approved drug library. We used two Gram positive (Enterococcus faecium P5014 and Staphylococcus aureus P1943) and six Gram negative (Acinetobacter baumannii P1887, Klebsiella pneumoniae P9495, Pseudomonas aeruginosa P6540, Burkholderia multivorans P6539, Pandoraea nosoerga P8103, and Escherichia coli DSM105182 as the reference and control strain).

First Report of Extended-Spectrum β-Lactamase () and Colistin Resistance Gene in E. coli of Lineage ST648 from Cockroaches in Tunisia.

The emergence of multidrug-resistant bacteria has become a major problem. Cockroaches may play an important role in the spread of those bacteria between the environment and humans. This study was designed to screen extended-spectrum β-lactamase (ESBL)-producing and colistin-resistant strains and to investigate the molecular support of multidrug-resistant in the external surface and gut homogenates of cockroaches collected from different locations in Tunisia.

Emergence of Methicillin-Resistant ST239/241 -III Mercury in Eastern Algeria.

In this paper, we investigate the epidemiology of infections-associated () from the Medical Intensive Care Unit (MICU) at University Hospital Center of Constantine (UHCC) in Algeria, with a special emphasis on methicillin-resistant strains (MRSA) revealed by cefoxitin disks (30 μg), then confirmed by penicillin-binding protein (PBP2a) agglutination and real-time polymerase chain reaction (RT-PCR) targeting and C genes. Staphylococcal Cassette Chromosome ( type), staphylococcal protein A (-type), multilocus sequence type (MLST), Panton-Valentine Leucocidin (PVL), and toxic shock syndrome toxin-1 (TSST-1) were further investigated in all isolates, and whole genome sequencing was performed for a selected subset of three hospital-acquired MRSA (HA-MRSA) isolates. A measurement of 80% out of the 50 isolates were identified as HA-MRSA harbouring the gene, and 72.

Real-Time PCR Assay for Rapid and Simultaneous Detection of and Genes in Clinical Strains.

Here, we develop a robust and sensitive real-time PCR assay which allows the simultaneous detection of and genes using common primers. The system was designed using the Primer3 online software. The specificity of primers and probes was first checked by in silico PCR and by BlastN analysis.

Occurrence of NDM-1 and VIM-2 Co-Producing and OprD Alteration in Isolated from Hospital Environment Samples in Northwestern Tunisia.

Hospital environments constitute the main reservoir of multidrug-resistant bacteria. In this study we aimed to investigate the presence of Gram-negative bacteria in one Northwestern Tunisian hospital environment, and characterize the genes involved in bacterial resistance. A total of 152 environmental isolates were collected from various surfaces and isolated using MacConkey medium supplemented with cefotaxime or imipenem, with 81 fermenter bacteria (27 and 54 spp.

Vitamin D Deficiency and Gender Alter Vasoconstrictor and Vasodilator Reactivity in Rat Carotid Artery.

The vitamin-D-sensitivity of the cardiovascular system may show gender differences. The prevalence of vitamin D (VD) deficiency (VDD) is high, and it alters cardiovascular function and increases the risk of stroke. Our aim was to investigate the vascular reactivity and histological changes of isolated carotid artery of female and male rats in response to different VD supplies.

Rapid Detection of Imipenem Resistance in Gram-Negative Bacteria Using Tabletop Scanning Electron Microscopy: A Preliminary Evaluation.

Enabling faster Antimicrobial Susceptibility Testing (AST) is critical, especially to detect antibiotic resistance, to provide rapid and appropriate therapy and to improve clinical outcomes. Although several standard and automated culture-based methods are available and widely used, these techniques take between 18 and 24 h to provide robust results. Faster techniques are needed to reduce the delay between test and results.

Vitamin D Deficiency Reduces Vascular Reactivity of Coronary Arterioles in Male Rats.

Background: Vitamin D deficiency (VDD) may be considered an independent cardiovascular (CV) risk factor, and it is well known that CV risk is higher in males. Our goal was to investigate the pharmacological reactivity and receptor expression of intramural coronary artery segments of male rats in cases of different vitamin D supply.

Methods: Four-week-old male Wistar rats were divided into a control group ( = 11) with optimal vitamin D supply (300 IU/kgbw/day) and a VDD group ( = 11, <0.

Risk factors for acquisition of colistin-resistant and expansion of a colistin-resistant ST307 epidemic clone in hospitals in Marseille, France, 2014 to 2017.

BackgroundFrance is a low prevalence country for colistin resistance. Molecular and epidemiological events contributing to the emergence of resistance to colistin, one of the 'last-resort' antibiotics to treat multidrug-resistant Gram-negative infections, are important to investigate.AimThis retrospective (2014 to 2017) observational study aimed to identify risk factors associated with acquisition of colistin-resistant (CRKP) in hospitals in Marseille, France, and to molecularly characterise clinical isolates.