Recent Progresses in Breast Reconstruction: Stem Cells, Biomaterials, and Growth Factors.

Breast cancer is one of the most deadly tumors in women, and new procedures for post- surgical breast reconstruction have been developed which includes autologous stromal vascular fraction (SVF), platelet-derived growth factors, biomaterials and various stem cells. Adipose derived-stem cells (ASCs) has been reported to be one of the most widely used stem cell for breast reconstruction because of their ability to form new functional adipose tissue and vessels and in combination with stromal vascular fraction has been also reported efficient for breast reconstruction. Biomaterials include acellular dermal matrix, bone substitutes, and injectable have also been reported to be applicable for several clinical applications, including breast reconstruction surgery.

Verapamil (VER) Enhances the Cytotoxic Effects of Docetaxel and Vinblastine Combined Therapy Against Non-Small Cell Lung Cancer Cell Lines.

Lung cancer is one of the foremost tumor-associated cause of death in the world. Most of the patients with NSCLC possesses an advanced disease at diagnosis, and are thus probable subject for systemic therapy. This study aims to evaluate the cytotoxicity of vinblastine and docetaxel combined therapy for the treatment of NSCLC, as well as verapamil (VER) enhancement of the combined therapy.

Cardioprotective effect of magnetic hydrogel nanocomposite loaded N,α-L-rhamnopyranosyl vincosamide isolated from Moringa oleifera leaves against doxorubicin-induced cardiac toxicity in rats: in vitro and in vivo studies.

Cardioprotective effect of N, α-L-rhamnopyranosyl vincosamide (VR), isolated from the leaves of Moringa oleifera plant in doxorubicin (Dox)-induced cardiac toxicity rats was evaluated. Twelve (12) rats were randomly selected into three groups; two rats received distilled water in the control group, five rats in group I received varying concentration of VR treatment, and group II containing five rats received varying concentration of VR-loaded magnetic hydrogel nanocomposite. Malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione peroxidase (GSH) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) enzymes activities level were analysed after two weeks.

Recent advances in magnetoliposome for heart drug delivery.

Magnetic nanoparticles (NPs) also have been subject of interest to the therapeutic and imaging field because of their unique magnetic properties. Magnetoliposomes (MLs) are made up of a combination of liposomes and magnetic NPs, and they have been proven to be a potential biomaterial to fields like magnetic-targeted drug delivery, MRI, etc. The efficiency of a drug delivery system to the heart determines the treatment strategy for most of the heart diseases.

Heart targeted nanoliposomal/nanoparticles drug delivery: An updated review.

Nanoliposomes are type of nano-sized vesicles made of bi-layered phospholipid membranes with an aqueous interior. They have been demonstrated to deliver several materials like low molecular weight drugs, imaging agents, peptides, proteins, and nucleic acids. Nanoliposomes have been demonstrated to slowly release an encapsulated drug, thereby leading to sustained exposure to target region and improved efficacy.

Role of protease and protease inhibitors in cancer pathogenesis and treatment.

Cancer is the second cause of death in 2015, and it has been estimated to surpass heart diseases as the leading cause of death in the next few years. Several mechanisms are involved in cancer pathogenesis. Studies have indicated that proteases are also implicated in tumor growth and progression which is highly dependent on nutrient and oxygen supply.

Synthesis and Characterization of Chrysin-loaded PCL-PEG-PCL nanoparticle and its effect on breast cancer cell line.

Background: Nano-therapy exhibit the potential of revolutionizing cancer therapy. This field introduces nanovectors/nanocarriers for anticancer drugs targeted delivery, and also finds application in imaging. Chrysin, a natural flavonoid, was recently studied as having important biological roles in chemical defenses, nitrogen fixation, anti-inflammatory, and anti-oxidant properties.

Recent Advances in Silicon Nanowire Biosensors: Synthesis Methods, Properties, and Applications.

The application of silicon nanowire (SiNW) biosensor as a subtle, label-free, and electrical tool has been extensively demonstrated by several researchers over the past few decades. Human ability to delicately fabricate and control its chemical configuration, morphology, and arrangement either separately or in combination with other materials as lead to the development of a nanomaterial with specific and efficient electronic and catalytic properties useful in the fields of biological sciences and renewable energy. This review illuminates on the various synthetic methods of SiNW, with its optical and electrical properties that make them one of the most applicable nanomaterials in the field of biomolecule sensing, photoelectrochemical conversion, and diseases diagnostics.

Recent prospective of nanofiber scaffolds fabrication approaches for skin regeneration.

The largest organ of human body is skin, which acting as a barrier with immunologic, sensorial and protective functions. It is always in exposure to the external environment, which can result many different types of damage and injury with loss of variable volumes of extracellular matrix (ECM). For the treatment of skin lesions and damages, several approaches are now accessible, such as the application of allografts, autografts, and tissue-engineered substitutes, wound dressings and nanofiber scaffolds approaches.

Nanoliposomes: Synthesis methods and applications in cosmetics.

Nanotechnology is used frequently in marketing skin care goods, and whereas the word sounds as if it belongs in robotics and science fiction, it is rapidly becoming common in medicine and skin care. As few people actually recognize what the technology, benefits, or possible implications of its use are, we determined to outline them. The type of nanotechnology that is most significant in cosmetics, skin care and health products is the use of nanoparticles (or Bucky balls as they are known in manufacturing), and a particular kind of these nanoparticles have been touted as the next generation of liposomes.

Gold nanoparticle-oligonucleotide conjugate to detect the sequence of lung cancer biomarker.

Unlabelled: Aimml: The aim of this project was to synthesize and characterize gold nanoparticles (GNPs) to trace the sequence of the hnRNPB1as a lung cancer biomarker.

Methods: In the synthesis of GNPs with characteristics appropriate for conjugation, the size, morphology, and shape of the synthesized GNPs were determined by using spectrophotometry and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), followed by designing a probe for hnRNPB1biomarker with characteristics suitable for conjugation. Next, the GNPs were functionalized with a single-stranded DNA probe that was specific for the biomarker, for the characterization and confirmation of the conjugation process.

Comparison, synthesis and evaluation of anticancer drug-loaded polymeric nanoparticles on breast cancer cell lines.

Breast cancer is a major form of cancer, with a high mortality rate in women. It is crucial to achieve more efficient and safe anticancer drugs. Recent developments in medical nanotechnology have resulted in novel advances in cancer drug delivery.

Gold Nanoprobe-Based Detection of Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (hTERT) Gene Expression.

Human Telomerase Reverse Transcriptase (hTERT) gene is expressed in all types of cancers, and it is considered as unique biomarker for early detection, monitoring and prognosis of different cancers. Routinely, the main techniques for detection of hTERT gene expression are based on enzymatic amplifications which need specified equipments, expert personnel and high cost and time. With regarding to the clinical importance of analysis of hTERT gene expression, we have developed a rapid, simple and low cost method which detects hTERT RNA target in 5 μl reaction scale using gold nanoprobes.

Application of gold nanoparticles in biomedical and drug delivery.

Nanoparticles are the simplest form of structures with sizes in the nanometer (nm) range. In principle any collection of atoms bonded together with a structural radius of < 100 nm can be considered nano particles. Nanotechnology offers unique approaches to probe and control a variety of biological and medical processes that occur at nanometer scales, and is expected to have a revolutionary impact on biology and medicine.

Application of liposomes in medicine and drug delivery.

Liposomes provide an established basis for the sustainable development of different commercial products for treatment of medical diseases by the smart delivery of drugs. The industrial applications include the use of liposomes as drug delivery vehicles in medicine, adjuvants in vaccination, signal enhancers/carriers in medical diagnostics and analytical biochemistry, solubilizers for various ingredients as well as support matrices for various ingredients and penetration enhancers in cosmetics. In this review, we summarize the main applications and liposome-based commercial products that are currently used in the medical field.

Carbon nanotubes: properties, synthesis, purification, and medical applications.

Current discoveries of different forms of carbon nanostructures have motivated research on their applications in various fields. They hold promise for applications in medicine, gene, and drug delivery areas. Many different production methods for carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been introduced; functionalization, filling, doping, and chemical modification have been achieved, and characterization, separation, and manipulation of individual CNTs are now possible.

Nanofiber: Synthesis and biomedical applications.

Electrospinning uses an electrical charge to draw very fine (typically on the micro or nano scale) fibers from a liquid. Electrospinning or electrostatic spinning shares characteristics of both electrospraying and conventional solution dry spinning of fibers. The method does not need the use of coagulation chemistry or high temperatures to produce solid threads from solution.

Protein detection through different platforms of immuno-loop-mediated isothermal amplification.

Different immunoassay-based methods have been devised to detect protein targets. These methods have some challenges that make them inefficient for assaying ultra-low-amounted proteins. ELISA, iPCR, iRCA, and iNASBA are the common immunoassay-based methods of protein detection, each of which has specific and common technical challenges making it necessary to introduce a novel method in order to avoid their problems for detection of target proteins.