Utilization of Flexible-Wearable Sensors to Describe the Kinematics of Surgical Proficiency.

Background: Traditional assessment (e.g., checklists, videotaping) for surgical proficiency may lead to subjectivity and does not predict performance in the clinical setting.

Endovascular Therapy in an "All-Comers" Risk Group for Chronic Limb-Threatening Ischemia Demonstrates Safety and Efficacy When Compared with the Established Performance Criteria Proposed by the Society for Vascular Surgery.

Background: The aim of this study was to describe the applicability of the Society for Vascular Surgery (SVS) objective performance goals (OPGs) as a tool to evaluate results in the context of endovascular management of noncomplex and complex patients (i.e., end stage renal disease/history of prosthetic conduit) with chronic limb-threatening ischemia (CLTI).

Effectiveness of Daily Use of Bilateral Custom-Made Ankle-Foot Orthoses on Balance, Fear of Falling, and Physical Activity in Older Adults: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Foot problems are prevalent in older adults, which may increase the risk and concern for falls. Ankle-foot orthoses (AFO) have been shown to be effective in the stabilization of lower extremities, but their long-term effectiveness in improving balance and their potential to encourage older adults to become more physically active are still debated.

Objective: This randomized controlled trial investigated the effectiveness of daily use of a custom-made AFO on balance, fear of falling, and physical activity in older adults.

Hemodialysis Impact on Motor Function beyond Aging and Diabetes-Objectively Assessing Gait and Balance by Wearable Technology.

Motor functions are deteriorated by aging. Some conditions may magnify this deterioration. This study examined whether hemodialysis (HD) process would negatively impact gait and balance beyond diabetes condition among mid-age adults (48⁻64 years) and older adults (65+ years).

Toward Smart Footwear to Track Frailty Phenotypes-Using Propulsion Performance to Determine Frailty.

Frailty assessment is dependent on the availability of trained personnel and it is currently limited to clinic and supervised setting. The growing aging population has made it necessary to find phenotypes of frailty that can be measured in an unsupervised setting for translational application in continuous, remote, and in-place monitoring during daily living activity, such as walking. We analyzed gait performance of 161 older adults using a shin-worn inertial sensor to investigate the feasibility of developing a foot-worn sensor to assess frailty.

Pilot study evaluating the efficacy of exergaming for the prevention of deep venous thrombosis.

Objective: Current prophylactic protocols fail to prevent deep venous thrombosis (DVT) in a significant minority of patients, and it remains one of the leading causes of preventable death. We therefore quantified the efficacy of novel game-based exercises (exergaming) to augment femoral venous parameters relative to ankle movement and muscle flexion.

Methods: Healthy volunteers were recruited to perform a series of ankle and foot exercises using a wireless foot sensor (LEGSys; BioSensics LLC, Watertown, Mass) to navigate a computer cursor sequentially on a screen to the center of 200 circular targets.

Lace Up for Healthy Feet: The Impact of Shoe Closure on Plantar Stress Response.

Objective: This study examined the impact of shoe closure on plantar thermal stress response (TSR), which is known to be a surrogate of shear stress and skin perfusion. It is aimed to explore potential impact of shoe closure on increasing risk factors associated with plantar ulcers in people with diabetic peripheral neuropathy (DPN).

Methods: Fifteen eligible subjects were enrolled.

The effect of intramuscular fat on skeletal muscle mechanics: implications for the elderly and obese.

Skeletal muscle accumulates intramuscular fat through age and obesity. Muscle quality, a measure of muscle strength per unit size, decreases in these conditions. It is not clear how fat influences this loss in performance.

Regionalizing muscle activity causes changes to the magnitude and direction of the force from whole muscles-a modeling study.

Skeletal muscle can contain neuromuscular compartments that are spatially distinct regions that can receive relatively independent levels of activation. This study tested how the magnitude and direction of the force developed by a whole muscle would change when the muscle activity was regionalized within the muscle. A 3D finite element model of a muscle with its bounding aponeurosis was developed for the lateral gastrocnemius, and isometric contractions were simulated for a series of conditions with either a uniform activation pattern, or regionally distinct activation patterns: in all cases the mean activation from all fibers within the muscle reached 10%.

Computer simulation of knee arthrometry to study the effects of partial ACL injury and tibiofemoral contact.

We simulated the knee arthrometry test to obtain a deeper understanding of the joint's stability behavior and interpret the arthrometric results more effectively. A 2D sagittal plane finite element model of the lower limb in the standard configuration of knee arthrometry was developed using ANSYS APDL. A detailed model of the knee joint was considered including the femoral articulating contour represented by an ellipse, the tibial plateau represented by a circular arc, and four major knee ligaments and their individual bundles represented by linear and nonlinear tensile springs.