Convergent synthesis of the quinolone substructure of BILN 2061 via carbonylative Sonogashira coupling/cyclization.

A convergent synthesis of quinolone 2 (key substructure of the protease inhibitor BILN 2061) was developed via palladium-catalyzed carbonylation of 2-iodo-5-methoxyaniline (4) with thiazolylacetylene 5.

A prospective randomized trial of itraconazole vs fluconazole for the prevention of fungal infections in patients with acute leukemia and hematopoietic stem cell transplant recipients.

Fluconazole antifungal prophylaxis is standard care in allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplant (HSCT) recipients, but this drug lacks anti-Aspergillus activity, the primary cause of invasive fungal infection (IFI) in many transplantation centers. We performed a randomized trial to compare itraconazole vs fluconazole, for prevention of IFIs in patients with acute leukemia (AL) and HSCT recipients. One hundred and ninety-five patients were randomly assigned to either fluconazole or itraconazole antifungal prophylaxis, after stratification into high-risk and low-risk groups.

Effect of acute and chronic moderate red or white wine consumption on fasted and postprandial lipemia in the rat.

The effects of acute and chronic (10 wk) red or white wine consumption on fasted and postprandial lipemia in the rat model are reported. Fasted rats, in the acute study, were loaded intragastrically with 5 ml of an olive oil emulsion (30% w/v) in the presence or absence of wine (8% v/v ethanol), and either mesenteric lymph or blood was collected 3 h postprandially. Animals in the chronic study received either red or white wine in drinking water for a period of 10 wk (3% v/v ethanol).

[Use of Hoffman external fixation for extra-articular upper metaphysealtibial fractures].

Treatment of extra-articular upper metaphyseal tibial fractures can be difficult. Orthopedic treatment is frequently complicated by second displacement These fractures are inappropriate for locked intra-medullary nailing because of the shorteness of the proximal extremity. Damages of soft tissues.

[Screw fixation without bone graft of calcaneal joint fractures: 35 cases].

Purpose Of The Study: The prognosis of calcaneal joint fractures is less favorable than fractures without joint involvement. Surgical treatment is frequently recommended. The type of fixation and the usefulness of a bone graft remain subjects of debate.

[Epidemiology of diabetic retinopathy in Lebanon].

Aims: To assess the prevalence of diabetic retinopathy, evaluate risk factors underlying its development, and assess the epidemiological characteristics of documented diabetes in the Lebanese population.

Patients And Method: The population-based study was conducted in three regions in Lebanon from January 2nd 2000 until June 30th 2000. The study group comprised 112 known diabetic patients who had previously been identified among 4,063 randomly selected individuals.

Smoking patterns among primary health care attendees, Al-Qassim region, Saudi Arabia.

Prevalence, sociodemographic patterns and medical co-morbidity of smoking among a cross-section of primary health care (PHC) clients in Saudi Arabia were examined. We used a 44-item semistructured questionnaire to collect data from 1752 patients at 25 randomly selected PHC centres. Percentage of smoking was 52.

Role of EUS and EUS-guided FNA in the diagnosis of symptomatic rectosigmoid endometriosis.

Background: Rectosigmoid endometriosis is an underrecognized cause of GI symptoms in women. Pelvic magnetic resonance imaging and CT have a low sensitivity in making this diagnosis. The role of EUS and EUS-guided FNA (EUS-FNA) in the diagnosis of rectosigmoid endometriosis in symptomatic patients is not well studied.

Magnetoencephalography in healthy neonates.

Objective: To describe magnetoencephalography (MEG) recordings in a cohort of healthy neonates.

Methods: We performed MEG and single channel EEG concomitantly in 21 healthy newborns. MEG and EEG signals were reviewed for gross comparison of general patterns and individual waveform characteristics.

NHS funded fertility treatment--a national service in name only?

The variable nature of NHS provision of fertility services has again been highlighted by the response of commissioners to the recent guidance from the National Institute of Clinical Excellence. This paper describes an evidence-based model for policy aimed at minimising inequity across one Strategic Health Authority. The paper highlights the difficulties resulting from the current Department of Health guidance on targeting those in greatest need.

Pancreatic tuberculosis diagnosed with endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration.

Context: Isolated pancreatic tuberculosis is rare in the Western world. Its clinical presentation often mimics pancreatic malignancy and the diagnosis is usually not suspected or confirmed prior to laparotomy. Endoscopic ultrasound guided fine needle aspiration cytology has proved to be an excellent tool for the cytological diagnosis of pancreatic and peripancreatic masses.

Hypopituitarism and neurodevelopmental abnormalities in relation to central nervous system structural defects in children with optic nerve hypoplasia.

Objective: Optic nerve hypoplasia (ONH) is a heterogeneous disease with variable findings of pituitary insufficiency, CNS and neurodevelopmental abnormalities. We characterized the spectrum of endocrinopathy in a cohort of children with ONH and attempted to correlate the presence of different midline CNS findings with the degree of hypopituitarism. The correlation of variable CNS abnormalities with the presence of a seizure disorder and neurodevelopmental delay was also examined.

[Use of radial shortening for Kienbock disease].

Kienbock disease is caused by aseptic necrosis of the lunate. The aim of this work is to evaluate the results of the radial shortening procedure for the treatment of stages II. Illa IIb of the disease.

Selective salpingography and fallopian tube recanalisation: experience from a district general hospital.

The Royal College of Obstetricians and Gynaecologists has included selective salpingography and tubal catheterisation (SS-TC) in its evidence-based clinical guideline for the management of infertility in secondary care. In spite of being a cost-effective and minimally invasive treatment option for proximal tubal blockage, SS-TC has been slow to become adopted across the UK. We here describe our initial experience with setting up of tubal recanalisation service in a district general hospital (DGH) in the UK, along with our preliminary results.

A superior method for the reduction of secondary phosphine oxides.

[reaction: see text] Diisobutylaluminum hydride (DIBAL-H) and triisobutylaluminum have been found to be outstanding reductants for secondary phosphine oxides (SPOs). All classes of SPOs can be readily reduced, including diaryl, arylalkyl, and dialkyl members. Many SPOs can now be reduced at cryogenic temperatures, and conditions for preservation of reducible functional groups have been found.

[Skin metastasis from invasive bladder tumour].

Metastatic spread of advanced transitional cell bladder carcinoma rarely involves the skin. However, the presence of a skin metastasis indicates at least microscopic dissemination of cancer cells to the liver or lung, corresponding to a poor prognosis. The authors report a new case of single skin metastasis during the course of a poorly differentiated stage pT3a N0 M0 transitional cell bladder carcinoma.

Incidence of genital Chlamydia trachomatis infection in the male partners attending an infertility clinic.

Chlamydia trachomatis is an important pathogen in the aetiology of pelvic inflammatory disease, resulting in female infertility. If all female infertility patients are screened for silent genital chlamydia infection, should the male partners of these patients also be screened to decrease the risk of re-infection? To determine the incidence of current and present male infection with C. trachomatis, we carried out a prospective clinical study.

Effects of landscape corridors on seed dispersal by birds.

Habitat fragmentation threatens biodiversity by disrupting dispersal. The mechanisms and consequences of this disruption are controversial, primarily because most organisms are difficult to track. We examined the effect of habitat corridors on long-distance dispersal of seeds by birds, and tested whether small-scale (<20 meters) movements of birds could be scaled up to predict dispersal of seeds across hundreds of meters in eight experimentally fragmented landscapes.

Predictive factors of bleeding and thrombosis during induction therapy in acute promyelocytic leukemia-a single center experience in 34 patients.

In this retrospective study, the hemorrhagic and thrombotic events are reported at presentation and during induction in 34 consecutive acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL) patients treated in a single referral center. The most consistent hemostatic abnormality was decreased fibrinogen level (<150 mg/dL) found in 21 patients (61%), partial thromboplastin time (PTT) was normal almost in all patients. A mildly prolonged prothrombin time (PT) was observed in 14 patients (44%).

[Retrovesical hydatid cyst: diagnosis and treatment in 8 cases].

Introduction: Hydatid cyst represents a real public health problem in Tunisia. Retrovesical hydatid cyst is rare (6% to 7%). It is considered to be an "aberrant" or "ectopic" site defined by the development of the parasite in the subvesical and retrovesical fat.

Purification and some properties of Cu,Zn superoxide dismutase from Radix lethospermi seed, kind of Chinese traditional medicine.

Copper-zinc superoxide dismutase (Cu,Zn SOD) has been extracted, purified and characterized from Radix lethospermi seed (RLS), a kind of Chinese traditional medicine. Before extraction, the lipid was removed by super critical fluid extraction (SCF). Partial protein fractionation in the crude extract was affected by using 50-75% (NH(4))(2)SO(2).

Smoking among secondary-school boys in Bahrain: prevalence and risk factors.

To determine the prevalence of smoking among male secondary school students in Bahrain and to identify their risk factors for smoking, we surveyed a random sample of students by questionnaire. The prevalence of smoking was 26.6%, 25.