Brain penetration of peripheral extracellular vesicles from Alzheimer's patients and induction of microglia activation.

Alzheimer's disease (AD) is an age-related neurodegenerative pathology. Brain-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs) have been demonstrated to be implicated in AD pathogenesis by facilitating the propagation of Tau, amyloid-β and inflammatory cytokines. However, the impact of peripheral EVs (pEVs) in AD pathogenesis remains poorly investigated.

Neurobrucellosis: a retrospective cohort of 106 patients.

Background: Neurobrucellosis, a serious central nervous system infection caused by Brucella species, presents significant challenges due to its diverse clinical manifestations and the risk of long-term complications and poor outcomes. Identifying predictors of adverse outcomes is critical for improving patient management and overall prognosis.

Objectives: This study aimed to evaluate the long-term morbidity and mortality associated with neurobrucellosis and to identify key predictors of adverse outcomes.

Nurses' perspectives on the use of telemonitoring in the management of people with diabetes and hypertension.

Objectives: to understand the perspective of nurses on the use of telemonitoring in the management of people with type 2 diabetes mellitus and arterial hypertension in primary care.

Methods: this qualitative research involved sixteen nurses from eight municipalities in Paraná. Data were collected between November 2022 and January 2023 through inperson or remote interviews, which were audio-recorded and subjected to content analysis.

Short Versus Standard Peroral Endoscopic Myotomy for Esophageal Achalasia: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trials.

Background And Aims: Peroral endoscopic myotomy (POEM) has become the treatment of choice for achalasia. However, the impact of myotomy length on POEM outcomes remains unclear. We performed a systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials (RCTs) comparing the outcomes of short versus standard-length myotomy in achalasia patients.

Selecting repetitive focal and rotational activation patterns with the highest probability of being a source of atrial fibrillation.

Introduction: Repetitive focal and rotational activation patterns are currently used as additional ablation targets for atrial fibrillation (AF). However, there is no evidence that all these detected targets are actual sources of AF. In this paper, we present an approach that detects and ranks AF activation patterns not only based on the degree of pattern repetitiveness but also on the extent to which they are able to entrain their vicinity.

Converging frontiers in cancer treatment: the role of nanomaterials, mesenchymal stem cells, and microbial agents-challenges and limitations.

Globally, people widely recognize cancer as one of the most lethal diseases due to its high mortality rates and lack of effective treatment options. Ongoing research into cancer therapies remains a critical area of inquiry, holding significant social relevance. Currently used treatment, such as chemotherapy, radiation, or surgery, often suffers from other problems like damaging side effects, inaccuracy, and the lack of ability to clear tumors.

Decrease in provider stigma is associated with improved quality health indicators among individuals receiving methadone in primary care centers in Ukraine.

Introduction: People who inject drugs experience poor health and social outcomes which improve with opioid agonist therapies like methadone, yet provider stigma may influence healthcare utilization. In Ukraine, integrating methadone into primary care centers (PCCs) provides an opportunity to examine provider stigma and its impact on patient outcomes.

Methods: This sub-analysis included patients randomized to receive methadone in PCCs as part of an implementation trial in which the control group received methadone in specialty addiction clinics in Ukraine.

Antimicrobial activities of seasonally collected bee products: honey, propolis, royal jelly, venom, and mellitin.

Ethanolic extracts of seasonally collected natural bee products (honey, propolis, royal jelly (RJ), and bee venom (BV)) were tested for their potential as antimicrobial agents against antibiotic-resistant bacteria and fungi. These extracts exhibited various inhibitory effects on antibiotic-resistant bacteria (Streptococcus pneumoniae, Staphylococcus aureus, MRSA, Salmonella typhimurium, Escherichia coli, Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumoniae, Proteus vulgaris, and Haemophilus influenzae) and fungi (Aspergillus brasiliensis and Candida albicans), with the exception of S. pneumonia, which was not inhibited by honey and RJ extracts, and P.

Recommendations for guidelines for promoting mental health in the workplace: an umbrella review.

Objectives: to summarize the recommendations of guidelines for promoting mental health in the workplace.

Methods: an umbrella review, according to Joanna Briggs Institute and Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic reviews and Meta-Analyses methodological assumptions. Data collection was carried out in January 2021 and updated in July 2023 in the American Psychological Association, Cochrane Library, EMBASE, National Library of Medicine, and Scopus databases.

Predictors of Post-endoscopic Retrograde Cholangiopancreatography Pancreatitis: A Comprehensive Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Background & Aims: Pancreatitis is the most common serious adverse event associated with endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography (ERCP). This meta-analysis aimed to precisely assess the risk factors for post-ERCP pancreatitis (PEP).

Methods: We searched electronic databases for studies that assessed risk factors for PEP after adjusting for ≥3 risk factors, including at least one pre-specified patient-related and one procedure-related risk factor, and reported the data as adjusted odds ratios (ORs) with 95% confidence intervals.

Aged Lignocellulose Fibers of Cedar Wood (9th and 12th Century): Structural Investigation Using FTIR-Deconvolution Spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction (XRD), Crystallinity Indices, and Morphological SEM Analyses.

The characterization of lignocellulosic biomass present in archaeological wood is crucial for understanding the degradation processes affecting wooden artifacts. The lignocellulosic fractions in both the external and internal parts of Moroccan archaeological cedar wood (9th, 12th, and 21st centuries) were characterized using infrared spectroscopy (FTIR-ATR deconvolution mode), X-ray diffraction (XRD), and SEM analysis. The XRD demonstrates a significant reduction in the crystallinity index of cellulose from recent to aging samples.

Thermal treatment of sewage sludge: Impact of the sludge type and origin on the formation of recalcitrant compounds.

In a municipal wastewater treatment plant, the thermal treatment of sludge can be an efficient way of increasing the final sludge cake dryness and boosting anaerobic digestion performances. However, such treatments generate refractory compounds which, once returned to headworks, can affect the quality compliance of effluent discharges, particularly concerning organic nitrogen. This study explores the effects of thermal hydrolysis (TH) and hydrothermal carbonization (HTC) of municipal sludge on the refractory organic compound production.

Exploring the potential of plasma and adipose mesenchymal stem cell-derived extracellular vesicles as novel platforms for neuroinflammation therapy.

Persistent reactive oxygen species (ROS) and neuroinflammation contribute to the onset and progression of neurodegenerative diseases, underscoring the need for targeted therapeutic strategies to mitigate these effects. Extracellular vesicles (EVs) show promise in drug delivery due to their biocompatibility, ability to cross biological barriers, and specific interactions with cell and tissue receptors. In this study, we demonstrated that human plasma-derived EVs (pEVs) exhibit higher brain-targeting specificity, while adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells EVs (ADMSC-EVs) offer regenerative and immunomodulatory properties.

Assessment moderation in higher education: Guiding practice with evidence-an integrative review.

Background: Maintaining the quality and integrity of student assessments, especially in professional fields like nursing, is critical. Managing moderation processes across large teams poses social and logistical challenges, further complicated by varying quality and clarity of institutional guidelines. Systematic reviews on moderation practices in higher education are scarce.

Microplastics in Morocco's most consumed fisheries: Chemical characterization, ecological traits, and implications for human health.

The pervasive presence of microplastics (MPs) in the environment is well established, yet many critical questions remain about their distribution and potential impacts on both ecological and human health. To assess the risks that MPs pose, especially through marine ecosystems and human consumption, monitoring their ingestion by fish in natural environments is essential. This study investigated the contamination of 12 fish species, the most commonly consumed in Morocco, collected from the Atlantic Ocean off the Moroccan coast.

Sustainable algal proteins, novel extraction techniques and applications in the bakery, dairy and pharmaceutical industries: A comprehensive review.

Microalgae have emerged as favorable substitutes for traditional animal-based proteins in the search for sustainable protein sources. Despite being underexplored, microalgae offer the possibility of large-scale protein production via novel extraction techniques. This review synthesizes current knowledge on microalgal proteins, shedding light on their novel extraction techniques and techno-functional properties, which are still in the early stages of exploration.

Insulin resistance, metabolic syndrome and micro-RNA-122 serum level in patients with cerebral venous sinus thrombosis: a case-control study.

Background: The relationship between venous thromboembolism and both insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome is still a matter of debate. The objective of this work was to investigate the possible association between cerebral venous sinus thrombosis (CVST) and both insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome. We aimed also to assess micro-RNA-122 serum levels in patients with CVST in comparison to controls.

Infectious brain abscesses and granulomas: analysis of 110 episodes in adults.

Background: Infectious brain abscesses and granulomas, characterized by localized collections of pus or inflammatory tissue within the brain parenchyma, pose significant clinical challenges due to their potentially life-threatening nature and complex management requirements.

Methods: This cross-sectional study investigated patients diagnosed with infectious brain abscesses and granulomas from March 1, 2012, to October 22, 2021, in Mashhad, Iran. Data were collected from adult patients admitted to the two primary referral centers for community-acquired neuroinfections and neuroinflammations.

The efficacy of valproate in acute mania, bipolar depression and maintenance therapy for bipolar disorder: an overview of systematic reviews with meta-analyses.

Objective: This study aims to conduct an overview on the comparative efficacy of valproate in acute mania, bipolar depression and maintenance treatment of bipolar disorder (BD).

Method: We performed an overview of systematic reviews with meta-analyses of randomised controlled trials (RCTs), registered in PROSPERO (CRD42024497749). We searched Medline and Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews.

Utilization of dissolved CO to control methane and acetate production in methanation reactor.

This study investigated the influence of dissolved CO on the selection of metabolic pathway using a methanation membrane bioreactor supplied with H/CO. Various ratios of H/CO were applied (3.3, 3.

Adsorption of malachite green using waste marine cuttlefish bone powder: Experimental and theoretical investigations.

Adsorption remediation is an energy-efficient water treatment technology that utilizes the adsorption properties of a biosorbent to remove various pollutants. While many articles have explored the high surface area and adsorption capacity of activated carbon for remediating aquatic systems, few have delved into the environmental impact of its synthesis, which often involves HPO, a highly toxic activating agent. In this study, we present a groundbreaking alternative to activated carbon for the adsorption and remediation of aquatic waste that doesn't rely on chemical products.