A comprehensive review of current approaches on food waste reduction strategies.

Food waste is a serious worldwide issue that has an impact on the environment, society, and economy. This comprehensive review provides a detailed description of methods and approaches for reducing food waste, emphasizing the necessity of comprehensive strategies to tackle its intricate relationship with environmental sustainability, social equity, and economic prosperity. By scrutinizing the extent and impact of food waste, from initial production stages to final disposal, this comprehensive review underlines the urgent need for integrated solutions that include technological advancements, behavioral interventions, regulatory frameworks, and collaborative endeavors.

Assessing disparities in medical students' knowledge and attitude about monkeypox: a cross-sectional study of 27 countries across three continents.

Background And Aims: The recent monkeypox (Mpox) outbreak confirmed by the World Health Organization (WHO) underscores the importance of evaluating the knowledge and attitude of medical students toward emerging diseases, given their potential roles as healthcare professionals and sources of public information during outbreaks. This study aimed to assess medical students' knowledge and attitude about Mpox and to identify factors affecting their level of knowledge and attitude in low-income and high-income countries.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted on 11,919 medical students from 27 countries.

Antioxidant, Cytotoxic and Antidiabetic Activities of Protein Hydrolysates Prepared from Chinese Pond Turtle ().

Research Background: Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes are the biggest causes of death globally. Bioactive peptides derived from many food proteins using enzymatic proteolysis and food processing have a positive impact on the prevention of these diseases. The bioactivity of Chinese pond turtle muscle proteins and their enzymatic hydrolysates has not received much attention, thus this study aims to investigate their antioxidant, antidiabetic and cytotoxic activities.

Degree of hydrolysis, functional and antioxidant properties of protein hydrolysates from Grass Turtle () as influenced by enzymatic hydrolysis conditions.

Grass turtle muscle was hydrolyzed with papain enzyme to produce protein hydrolysate (PH) and the degree of hydrolysis (DH) was determined. Under optimal conditions, the highest DH was 19.52% and the yield was recorded as 17.

Phenylboronic Acid Functionalized Adsorbents for Selective and Reversible Adsorption of Lactulose from Syrup Mixtures.

Boronate affinity materials have been widely used for enrichment of cis-diol molecules. In this work, phenylboronic acid functionalized adsorbents were prepared via a simple and efficient procedure grafting phenylboronic acid groups onto amino macroporous resins. Elemental analysis has confirmed the successful functionalization of AR-1M and AR-2M with approximately 2.

Preparation and Characterization of Sugar-Assisted Cross-Linked Enzyme Aggregates (CLEAs) of Recombinant Cellobiose 2-epimerase from Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus ( CsCE).

High-efficiency lactulose-producing enzyme of Caldicellulosiruptor saccharolyticus cellobiose 2-epimerase (WT- CsCE) was immobilized in the form of cross-linked enzyme aggregates (CLEAs). Conditions for enzyme aggregation and cross-linking were optimized, and a sugar-assisted strategy with less damage to enzyme secondary structures was developed to improve the activity yield of CLEAs up to approximately 65%. The resulting CLEAs with multiple-layer network structures exhibited an enlarged optimal temperature range (70-80 °C) and maintained higher activity at 50-90 °C.

Identification of Bioactive Peptides with α-Amylase Inhibitory Potential from Enzymatic Protein Hydrolysates of Red Seaweed (Porphyra spp).

Inhibition of α-amylase enzyme is one therapeutic approach in lowering glucose level in the blood to manage diabetes mellitus. In this study α-amylase inhibitory peptides were identified from proteolytic enzymes hydrolysates of red seaweed laver ( Porphyra species) using consecutive chromatographic techniques. In the resultant fractions from RP-HPLC (D-), D inhibited α-amylase activity (88.

Preparation of high-purity lactulose through efficient recycling of catalyst sodium aluminate and nanofiltration: a pilot-scale purification.

Background: Lactulose, a valuable lactose-originated 'bifidus factor' product, is exclusively produced by chemical-based isomerization commercially. A complexing agent of sodium aluminate exhibiting high conversion efficiency and strong recyclable stability is more practical for industrial applications. In this study, efficient purification of high-purity lactulose through recycling of sodium aluminate and further desalination by nanofiltration (NF) was implemented on a pilot scale.

Bioactive Peptides Derived from Seaweed Protein and Their Health Benefits: Antihypertensive, Antioxidant, and Antidiabetic Properties.

Cardiovascular diseases and diabetes are the biggest causes of death globally. Therefore, prevention of these diseases is a focus of pharmaceuticals and functional food manufacturers. This review summarizes recent research trends and scientific knowledge in seaweed protein-derived peptides with particular emphasis on production, isolation and potential health impacts in prevention of hypertension, diabetes and oxidative stress.