Association between menopausal hormone therapy use and mortality risk: a Swedish population-based matched cohort study.

Background: The net effect of menopausal hormone therapy on the risk of death is understudied, and current evidence is conflicting. Our aim was to investigate the association between menopausal hormones and risk of all-cause, cardiovascular, and cancer-specific mortality, based on the Swedish Prescribed Drug Registry and National Patient Registry.

Methods: This Swedish population-based matched cohort study included all women, 40 years or older, who had received at least one prescription of systemic menopausal hormone therapy between 2005-2014 ( = 290,186), group level matched 1:3 to non-users ( = 870,165).