Frequency and clinical characteristics of ketoacidosis at onset of childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus in Northwest Saudi Arabia.

Objective: To determine the frequency, and to describe the clinical characteristics of ketoacidosis at initial diagnosis of childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) in Al-Madina region of the Northwest province of Saudi Arabia.

Methods: We retrospectively analyzed the hospital records of 311 (152 males and 159 females) children diagnosed with childhood T1DM in Al-Madina region, Saudi Arabia between January 1992 and December 2004.

Results: At diagnosis 172 (55.

[Successful use of levosimendan in a patient with cardiogenic shock complicating acute myocardial infarction].

Levosimendan is a new inodilator that improves cardiac contractility by sensitizing troponin C to calcium. This drug has proved to be effective in treating advanced congestive heart failure but has not been evaluated in cardiogenic shock. We present the case of a 54-year-old male patient treated successfully with levosimendan for cardiogenic shock following acute myocardial infarction.

[Which place for VDD mode single electrode pacemaker?].

VDD mode single electrode pacemaker is a technique of cardiac stimulation which preserves auriculo-ventricular synchronism using a single electrode. Its importance has decreased because of the numerous satisfactions previous by the DDD mode. We describe our experience with this mode and we discuss the advantages, limits and indications of this mode of cardiac stimulation.

Combining pulse oximetry and clinical examination in screening for congenital heart disease.

The objective of this study was to evaluate combined pulse oximetry and clinical examination as a screening method for congenital heart disease (CHD) in asymptomatic newborns. Asymptomatic newborns were screened for CHD using pulse oximetry and clinical examination before their discharge from the nursery. Oxygen saturation > or =94% was considered normal.

Neonatal hearing screening with transient evoked otoacoustic emissions in Western Saudi Arabia.

Objective: To study the incidence of congenital hearing impairment in the Saudi population and to evaluate the need of establishing a Saudi universal neonatal hearing screening program based on transient evoked otoacoustic emission.

Methods: A total of 11986 well non-high-risk neonates were screened by transient evoked otoacoustic emission over period of 8 years from September 1996 to February 2004. The universal hearing screening was consequently done in a daily base before discharge from nursery.

Synthesis, properties and thermal studies of oxorhenium(V) complexes with 3-hydrazino-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazine, benzimidazolethione and 2-hydrazinobenzimidazole. Mixed ligand complexes, pyrolytical products and biological activity.

A series of biologically active complexes of oxorhenium(V), were prepared by using the organic ligands 3-hydrazino-5,6-diphenyl-1,2,4-triazine (HL1), benzimidazolethione (H2L2) and 2-hydrazinobenzimidazole (H2L3). The mixed ligand complexes of oxorhenium(V) with the previous ligands and one of the following ligands: NH4SCN, 1,10-phenanthroline (1,10-phen), 8-hydroxyquinoline (8-OHquin) or glycine (Gly), were isolated. All the binary and mixed ligand complexes have monomeric structures and exist in the octahedral configuration.

Normal values of pulse oximetry in newborns at high altitude.

The aim of the study was to establish normal values of pulse oximetry saturation, respiratory rate, heart rate, and blood pressure in healthy newborns at high altitude. Vital signs and oximetry saturation readings were collected from healthy term newborns at birth, at 1 h, and at 24 h of life. These were analyzed and compared with reference ranges at sea level.

Fetal jaw movement affects condylar cartilage development.

Using a mouse exo utero system to examine the effects of fetal jaw movement on the development of condylar cartilage, we assessed the effects of restraint of the animals' mouths from opening, by suture, at embryonic day (E)15.5. We hypothesized that pre-natal jaw movement is an important mechanical factor in endochondral bone formation of the mandibular condyle.

Clinical presentation of childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus in the Al-Madina region of Saudi Arabia.

Aim: To describe the clinical pattern and the laboratory characteristics at presentation of childhood type 1 diabetes mellitus in the Al-Madina region of the north-west province of Saudi Arabia.

Methods: The clinical and laboratory data of a total of 230 children who presented with diabetes during a 10-year period (1992-2001) were retrospectively analyzed based on hospital records.

Results: Polyuria and polydipsia were by far the most frequent symptoms at presentation (96%); three quarters of the children (76.

Incidence and seasonal variation of Type 1 diabetes in children in Farwania area, Kuwait (1995-1999).

The aim of our study was to confirm the continuing rise in the incidence of Type 1 diabetes among Kuwaiti children aged 0-14, and to assess the effect of seasonality on incidence. Data from all newly diagnosed diabetic children between the period of 1995 and 1999 were analyzed. A total of 129 cases of Type 1 diabetes were diagnosed during the study period, of whom 68 were Kuwaiti nationals and were included in the study.

Pancreatic head mass: what can be done? Diagnosis: computed tomography scan.

The diagnosis of different pancreatic diseases has recently become a recurrent problem. In cases with pancreatic head mass the main question is the differentiation between malignant and benign lesions. When a neoplasm is suspected, the main task is to judge operability.

Gallbladder Findings after Cholecystectomy in Morbidly Obese Patients.

Morbidly obese patients constitute a high risk group for the development of gallbladder disease. In our series 70 consecutive patients underwent vertical gastroplast in an effort to manage morbid obesity. The mean age was 37 years (range 20-60), and the mean excess body weight was 92 kg (range 52-265).

Otomycosis: a common problem in north Iraq.

Otomycosis is a common disease in North Iraq. Of the 219 cases diagnosed clinically in Mosul Teaching Hospital seen during a 15 month period, 179 were due to fungus infection. The disease was more frequently encountered in young adults whose age was range from 16-30 years.

Congo/Crimean haemorrhagic fever in Iraq.

Congo/Crimean haemorrhagic fever was recognized for the first time in Iraq in 1979. The first case was reported on 3 September 1979 and since then a further 9 patients have been investigated. Eight patients gave a history of previous contact with sheep or cattle, while 2 patients, a resident doctor and an auxiliary nurse, acquired their infections in hospital by direct contact with patients.

Experiences with 16 cases of pararenal pseudocyst.

Pararenal pseudocysts developed after an operation, after blunt and penetrating trauma or after contiguous disease processes in 16 patients. Nephrectomy was necessary in 8 cases. Although the duration of the pseudocyst and the extent of conduit injury did to an extent determine fate of the kidney, the location of the encapsulated extravasate and its propensity for curtailment of urine formation appeared to be more significant factors.