Brain imaging and electrophysiological markers of anaphoric reference during speech production.

Pronouns create cohesive links in discourse by referring to previously mentioned elements. Here, we focus on pronominalization during speech production in three experiments employing ERP and fMRI methodologies. Participants were asked to produce two short sentences describing a man or woman using an object.

Illusory tactile movement crosses arms and legs and is coded in external space.

Humans often misjudge where on the body a touch occurred. Theoretical accounts have ascribed such misperceptions to local interactions in peripheral and primary somatosensory neurons, positing that spatial-perceptual mechanisms adhere to limb boundaries and skin layout. Yet, perception often reflects integration of sensory signals with prior experience.

No Difference in Clinical Effects When Comparing Alfredson Eccentric and Silbernagel Combined Concentric-Eccentric Loading in Achilles Tendinopathy: A Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Alfredson isolated eccentric loading and Silbernagel concentric-eccentric loading have both shown beneficial effects on clinical symptoms in midportion Achilles tendinopathy (AT), but they have never been compared directly.

Purpose: To test for differences in clinical effects at 1-year follow-up between Alfredson and Silbernagel loading in midportion AT.

Study Design: Randomized controlled trial; Level of evidence, 2.

Cross-cultural adaptation and measurement properties of the Dutch knee self efficacy scale (K-SES).

Background: Self-efficacy is related to outcome after anterior cruciate ligament (ACL) tears. The Knee Self Efficacy Scale (K-SES) available in Swedish and English, was developed to measure self-efficacy in present (K-SES) and future (K-SES) functioning. The objective of this study was to determine measurement properties of the K-SES in Dutch patients.

Intrarater reliability of the Humac NORM isokinetic dynamometer for strength measurements of the knee and shoulder muscles.

Objective: To determine the intrarater reliability of the Humac NORM isokinetic dynamometer for concentric and eccentric strength tests of knee and shoulder muscles.

Results: 54 participants (50% female, average age 20.9 ± 3.

Return to Sport in Athletes with Midportion Achilles Tendinopathy: A Qualitative Systematic Review Regarding Definitions and Criteria.

Background: Midportion Achilles tendinopathy (AT) can cause long-term absence from sports participation, and shows high recurrence rates. It is important that the decision to return to sport (RTS) is made carefully, based on sharply delimited criteria. Lack of a well-defined definition and criteria hampers the decision to RTS among athletes with AT, and impedes comparison of RTS rates between different studies.

Infants are superior in implicit crossmodal learning and use other learning mechanisms than adults.

During development internal models of the sensory world must be acquired which have to be continuously adapted later. We used event-related potentials (ERP) to test the hypothesis that infants extract crossmodal statistics implicitly while adults learn them when task relevant. Participants were passively exposed to frequent standard audio-visual combinations (A1V1, A2V2, p=0.

Alfredson versus Silbernagel exercise therapy in chronic midportion Achilles tendinopathy: study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

Background: Midportion Achilles tendinopathy (AT) is a common overuse injury, usually requiring several months of rehabilitation. Exercise therapy of the ankle plantar flexors (i.e.

Measuring individual hierarchy of anxiety invoking sports related activities: development and validation of the Photographic Series of Sports Activities for Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (PHOSA-ACLR).

Background: Fear of harm (FoH) after Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction (ACLR) should be addressed in physical therapy as it hampers return to sports. However, there are no instruments assessing FoH specific for ACLR. The objective of this study is to describe the development and measurement properties of the Photograph Series of Sports Activities for ACLR (PHOSA-ACLR) measuring ACL injury related FoH.

Experience with crossmodal statistics reduces the sensitivity for audio-visual temporal asynchrony.

Bayesian models propose that multisensory integration depends on both sensory evidence (the likelihood) and priors indicating whether or not two inputs belong to the same event. The present study manipulated the prior for dynamic auditory and visual stimuli to co-occur and tested the predicted enhancement of multisensory binding as assessed with a simultaneity judgment task. In an initial learning phase participants were exposed to a subset of auditory-visual combinations.

Shoulder Dynamic Control Ratio and Rotation Range of Motion in Female Junior Elite Handball Players and Controls.

Objective: To compare glenohumeral range of motion and shoulder rotator muscle strength in healthy female junior elite handball players and controls.

Design: Cross-sectional case-control study.

Setting: Sports medical center.

Hip muscle strength is decreased in middle-aged recreational male athletes with midportion Achilles tendinopathy: A cross-sectional study.

Objective: Investigating differences in hip muscle strength between athletes with Achilles tendinopathy (AT) and asymptomatic controls.

Design: Cross-sectional case-control study.

Setting: Sports medical center.

Eccentric versus conventional exercise therapy in patients with rotator cuff tendinopathy: a randomized, single blinded, clinical trial.

Purpose: To investigate the effectiveness of isolated eccentric versus conventional exercise therapy in patients with rotator cuff tendinopathy.

Methods: Thirty-six patients with rotator cuff tendinopathy, diagnosed by an orthopaedic surgeon, were included and randomly allocated to an isolated eccentric exercise (EE) group (n = 20, mean age = 50.2 ± 10.

Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template (CERT): Modified Delphi Study.

Background: Exercise interventions are often incompletely described in reports of clinical trials, hampering evaluation of results and replication and implementation into practice.

Objective: The aim of this study was to develop a standardized method for reporting exercise programs in clinical trials: the Consensus on Exercise Reporting Template (CERT).

Design And Methods: Using the EQUATOR Network's methodological framework, 137 exercise experts were invited to participate in a Delphi consensus study.

Reproducibility of a battery of commonly used clinical tests to evaluate lumbopelvic motor control.

Objective: To determine reproducibility of a battery of clinical tests for evaluating lumbopelvic motor control (LMC).

Design: Test-retest design.

Participants: Fifty healthy subjects.

Patient-Reported Outcome (PRO) questionnaires for young to middle-aged adults with hip and groin disability: a systematic review of the clinimetric evidence.

Background/aim: To recommend Patient-Reported Outcome (PRO) questionnaires to measure hip and groin disability in young-aged to middle-aged adults.

Methods: A systematic review was performed in June 2014. The methodological quality of the studies included was determined using the COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health Measurement INstruments list (COSMIN) together with standardised evaluations of measurement properties of each PRO.

Eccentric exercise training in chronic mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy: a systematic review on different protocols.

Although eccentric exercise training has shown favorable results in chronic mid-portion Achilles tendinopathy, the optimum dosage remains unknown. A systematic review of the literature was performed in accordance with the PRISMA guidelines, in order to describe different exercise protocols and to determine the most effective training parameters. An extensive search in MEDLINE, EMBASE, CINAHL, and CENTRAL revealed 14 randomized and clinical controlled trials.

Neural basis of linearization in speech production.

An initial stage of speech production is conceptual planning, where a speaker determines which information to convey first (the linearization problem). This fMRI study investigated the linearization process during the production of "before" and "after" sentences. In "after" sentences, a series of events is expressed in the order of event occurrence.

Others' actions reduce crossmodal integration in peripersonal space.

Specific mechanisms integrate visual-tactile information close to the body to guide voluntary action [1, 2] and to enable rapid self-defense in peripersonal space [3-5]. In social interactions, others frequently act in one's peripersonal space, thereby changing the relevance of near-body events for one's own actions. Such changes of stimulus relevance may thus affect visual-tactile integration.

The role of synchrony and ambiguity in speech-gesture integration during comprehension.

During face-to-face communication, one does not only hear speech but also see a speaker's communicative hand movements. It has been shown that such hand gestures play an important role in communication where the two modalities influence each other's interpretation. A gesture typically temporally overlaps with coexpressive speech, but the gesture is often initiated before (but not after) the coexpressive speech.

Neurophysiological correlates of linearization in language production.

Background: During speech production the planning of a description of several events requires, among other things, a verbal sequencing of these events. During this process, referred to as linearization during conceptualization, the speaker can choose between different types of temporal connectives such as 'Before' X did A, Y did B' or 'After' Y did B, X did A'. To capture the neural events of such linearization processes, event-related potentials (ERP) were measured in native speakers of German.

Visual scenes trigger immediate syntactic reanalysis: evidence from ERPs during situated spoken comprehension.

A central topic in sentence comprehension research is the kinds of information and mechanisms involved in resolving temporary ambiguity regarding the syntactic structure of a sentence. Gaze patterns in scenes during spoken sentence comprehension have provided strong evidence that visual scenes trigger rapid syntactic reanalysis. However, they have also been interpreted as reflecting nonlinguistic, visual processes.