Effects of intravascular administration of mesenchymal stromal cells derived from Wharton's Jelly of the umbilical cord on systemic immunomodulation and neuroinflammation after traumatic brain injury (TRAUMACELL): study protocol for a multicentre randomised controlled trial.

Introduction: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is one of the leading causes of death and disability worldwide. Treatments for TBI patients are limited and none has been shown to provide prolonged and long-term neuroprotective or neurorestorative effects. A growing body of evidence suggests a link between TBI-induced neuro-inflammation and neurodegenerative post-traumatic disorders.

Cognitive Impairment and Brain Metabolic Changes in Post-Acute Sequelae of COVID-19: Insights From an [18F]FDG PET/CT Cohort Study.

Purpose: Neurological symptoms often prominent in post-acute sequelae of COVID-19 (PASC) necessitate deeper understanding. Our objective was to investigate brain metabolism in PASC and examine correlations with neurological symptoms during both the acute and chronic stages.

Methods: Eighty-seven adults experiencing PASC with neurocognitive symptoms were recruited in the PERSICOR prospective study and examined using brain [18F]FDG PET/CT.

Recognition memory decline is associated with the progression to prodromal Alzheimer's disease in asymptomatic at-risk individuals.

Episodic memory (EM) alterations are a hallmark of Alzheimer's disease (AD). We assessed EM longitudinally in cognitively normal elders at-risk for AD (with subjective memory complaints), as a function of amyloid-β (Aβ) burden, neurodegeneration (N), and progression to prodromal AD. We stratified 264 INSIGHT-preAD study subjects in controls (Aβ-/N-), stable/N- or N + (Aβ +), and progressors/N- or N + (Aβ +) groups (progressors were included only until AD-diagnosis).

Cognitive complaint inversely associated to UHR transition.

The aim of this study was to identify the impact of staging on a six-months transition in Ultra-High Risk (UHR) youth. Subjects were enrolled at assessment; evolution was monitored for six months. Clinical determinants (unusual thought content, perceptual abnormalities, cognitive complaint, etc.

Multimodal assessment improves neuroprognosis performance in clinically unresponsive critical-care patients with brain injury.

Accurately predicting functional outcomes for unresponsive patients with acute brain injury is a medical, scientific and ethical challenge. This prospective study assesses how a multimodal approach combining various numbers of behavioral, neuroimaging and electrophysiological markers affects the performance of outcome predictions. We analyzed data from 349 patients admitted to a tertiary neurointensive care unit between 2009 and 2021, categorizing prognoses as good, uncertain or poor, and compared these predictions with observed outcomes using the Glasgow Outcome Scale-Extended (GOS-E, levels ranging from 1 to 8, with higher levels indicating better outcomes).

Prognosis of glioblastoma patients improves significantly over time interrogating historical controls.

Background: Glioblastoma (GBM) is the most common devastating primary brain cancer in adults. In our clinical practice, median overall survival (mOS) of GBM patients seems increasing over time.

Methods: To address this observation, we have retrospectively analyzed the prognosis of 722 newly diagnosed GBM patients, aged below 70, in good clinical conditions (i.

Staging's determinants in early intervention youth: a retrospective study.

Objectives: Since 2019 our early intervention unit has assessed help-seekers, mainly referred by psychiatric departments, and we have conducted a descriptive retrospective study. Our objective was to identify clinical determinants associated to staging at assessment for our three groups: "no psychosis", "ultra-high risk" and "first episode psychosis".

Methods: One hundred and thirteen participants (mean age 20.

Cerebral Metabolic Signature of Chronic Benzodiazepine Use in Nondemented Older Adults: An FDG-PET Study in the MEMENTO Cohort.

Objective: We sought to examine the association between chronic Benzodiazepine (BZD) use and brain metabolism obtained from 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose (FDG) positron emission tomography (PET) in the MEMENTO clinical cohort of nondemented older adults with an isolated memory complaint or mild cognitive impairment at baseline.

Methods: Our analysis focused on 3 levels: (1) the global mean brain standardized uptake value (SUVR), (2) the Alzheimer's disease (AD)-specific regions of interest (ROIs), and (3) the ratio of total SUVR on the brain and different anatomical ROIs. Cerebral metabolism was obtained from 2-deoxy-2-fluoro-D-glucose-FDG-PET and compared between chronic BZD users and nonusers using multiple linear regressions adjusted for age, sex, education, APOE ε 4 copy number, cognitive and neuropsychiatric assessments, history of major depressive episodes and antidepressant use.

Trial of Deferiprone in Parkinson's Disease.

Background: Iron content is increased in the substantia nigra of persons with Parkinson's disease and may contribute to the pathophysiology of the disorder. Early research suggests that the iron chelator deferiprone can reduce nigrostriatal iron content in persons with Parkinson's disease, but its effects on disease progression are unclear.

Methods: We conducted a multicenter, phase 2, randomized, double-blind trial involving participants with newly diagnosed Parkinson's disease who had never received levodopa.

Brain Metabolic Profile in Presymptomatic Carriers Throughout a 5-Year Follow-up.

Background And Objectives: variants are a frequent cause of familial frontotemporal dementia (FTD). Monitoring disease progression in asymptomatic carriers of genetic variants is a major challenge in delivering preventative therapies before clinical onset. This study aimed to assess the usefulness of fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG)-PET in identifying metabolic changes in presymptomatic carriers (PS-+) and to trace their longitudinal progression.

Ultra-low-dose in brain 18F-FDG PET/MRI in clinical settings.

We previously showed that the injected activity could be reduced to 1 MBq/kg without significantly degrading image quality for the exploration of neurocognitive disorders in 18F-FDG-PET/MRI. We now hypothesized that injected activity could be reduced ten-fold. We simulated a 18F-FDG-PET/MRI ultra-low-dose protocol (0.

Theta Band-Power Shapes Amyloid-Driven Longitudinal EEG Changes in Elderly Subjective Memory Complainers At-Risk for Alzheimer's Disease.

Background: Alzheimer's disease (AD) includes progressive symptoms spread along a continuum of preclinical and clinical stages. Although numerous studies uncovered the neuro-cognitive changes of AD, very little is known on the natural history of brain lesions and modifications of brain networks in elderly cognitively-healthy memory complainers at risk of AD for carrying pathophysiological biomarkers (amyloidopathy and tauopathy).

Objective: We analyzed resting-state electroencephalography (EEG) of 318 cognitively-healthy subjective memory complainers from the INSIGHT-preAD cohort at the time of their first visit (M0) and two-years later (M24).

Prodromal characteristics of dementia with Lewy bodies: baseline results of the MEMENTO memory clinics nationwide cohort.

Background: Isolated subjective cognitive impairment (SCI) and mild cognitive impairment (MCI) are the prodromal phases of dementia with Lewy bodies (DLB). MEMENTO is a nationwide study of patients with SCI and MCI with clinic, neuropsychology, biology, and brain imaging data. We aimed to compare SCI and MCI patients with symptoms of prodromal DLB to others in this study at baseline.

Association of -Independent Alzheimer Disease Polygenic Risk Score With Brain Amyloid Deposition in Asymptomatic Older Adults.

Background And Objectives: Brain amyloid deposition, a major risk factor for Alzheimer disease (AD), is currently estimated by measuring CSF or plasma amyloid peptide levels or by PET imaging. Assessing genetic risks relating to amyloid deposition before any accumulation has occurred would allow for earlier intervention in persons at increased risk for developing AD. Previous work linking amyloid burden and genetic risk relied almost exclusively on , a major AD genetic risk factor.

Explaining the association between social and lifestyle factors and cognitive functions: a pathway analysis in the Memento cohort.

Background: This work aimed to investigate the potential pathways involved in the association between social and lifestyle factors, biomarkers of Alzheimer's disease and related dementia (ADRD), and cognition.

Methods: The authors studied 2323 participants from the Memento study, a French nationwide clinical cohort. Social and lifestyle factors were education level, current household incomes, physical activity, leisure activities, and social network from which two continuous latent variables were computed: an early to midlife (EML) and a latelife (LL) indicator.

Importance, limits and caveats of the use of "disorders of consciousness" to theorize consciousness.

The clinical and fundamental exploration of patients suffering from disorders of consciousness (DoC) is commonly used by researchers both to test some of their key theoretical predictions and to serve as a unique source of empirical knowledge about possible dissociations between consciousness and cognitive and/or neural processes. For instance, the existence of states of vigilance free of any self-reportable subjective experience [e.g.

Pilot study of repeated blood-brain barrier disruption in patients with mild Alzheimer's disease with an implantable ultrasound device.

Background: Temporary disruption of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) using pulsed ultrasound leads to the clearance of both amyloid and tau from the brain, increased neurogenesis, and mitigation of cognitive decline in pre-clinical models of Alzheimer's disease (AD) while also increasing BBB penetration of therapeutic antibodies. The goal of this pilot clinical trial was to investigate the safety and efficacy of this approach in patients with mild AD using an implantable ultrasound device.

Methods: An implantable, 1-MHz ultrasound device (SonoCloud-1) was implanted under local anesthesia in the skull (extradural) of 10 mild AD patients to target the left supra-marginal gyrus.

Hybrid [F]-F-DOPA PET/MRI Interpretation Criteria and Scores for Glioma Follow-up After Radiotherapy.

Objective: F‑fluoro-L‑3,4‑dihydroxyphenylalanine positron emission tomography (F‑DOPA PET) is used in glioma follow-up after radiotherapy to discriminate treatment-related changes (TRC) from tumor progression (TP). We compared the performances of a combined PET and MRI analysis with F‑DOPA current standard of interpretation.

Methods: We included 76 consecutive patients showing at least one gadolinium-enhanced lesion on the T1‑w MRI sequence (T1G).

Subtle postoperative cognitive disorder in preclinical Alzheimer's disease.

Background: We examined the association between preclinical Alzheimer's disease (AD) and undergoing anesthesia and surgery ("surgery" henceforth) in a cohort of elderly individuals with a subjective cognitive decline (SCD).

Methods: Individuals with SCD (N = 268) were enrolled in a longitudinal follow-up study. Participants underwent comprehensive yearly cognitive evaluation for a period of 4 years.

Partial Volume Correction Increases the Sensitivity of 18F-Florbetapir-Positron Emission Tomography for the Detection of Early Stage Amyloidosis.

To test whether correcting for unspecific signal from the cerebral white matter increases the sensitivity of amyloid-PET for early stages of cerebral amyloidosis. We analyzed 18F-Florbetapir-PET and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) Aβ42 data from 600 older individuals enrolled in the Alzheimer's Disease Neuroimaging Initiative (ADNI), including people with normal cognition, mild cognitive impairment (MCI), and Alzheimer's disease (AD) dementia. We determined whether three compartmental partial volume correction (PVC-3), explicitly modeling signal spill-in from white matter, significantly improved the association of CSF Aβ42 levels with global 18F-Florbetapir-PET values compared with standard processing without PVC (non-PVC) and a widely used two-compartmental PVC method (PVC-2).

Benzodiazepine use and neuroimaging markers of Alzheimer's disease in nondemented older individuals: an MRI and 18F Florbetapir PET study in the MEMENTO cohort.

Recent evidence suggests an association between benzodiazepines (BZDs) use and lower brain amyloid load, a hallmark of AD pathophysiology. Other AD-related markers include hippocampal atrophy, but the effect of BZDs on hippocampal volume remains unclear. We aimed at 1) replicating findings on BZDs use and brain amyloid load and 2) investigating associations between BZDs use and hippocampal volume, in the MEMENTO clinical cohort of nondemented older adults with isolated memory complaint or light cognitive impairment at baseline.