Mesoscale Metabolic Channeling Revealed by Multimodal Microscopy.

Metabolic homeostasis within cells and tissues requires engagement of catabolic and anabolic pathways consuming nutrients needed to generate energy to drive these and other subcellular processes. However, the current understanding of cell homeostasis and metabolism, including how cells utilize nutrients, comes largely from tissue and cell models analyzed after fractionation. These bulk strategies do not reveal the spatial characteristics of cell metabolism at the single cell level, and how these aspects relate to the location of cells and organelles within the complexity of the tissue they reside within.

Biological and molecular studies on specific immune cells treated with checkpoint inhibitors for the thera-personal approach of breast cancer patients ( study).

Unlabelled: Immunotherapy becomes a promising line of treatment for breast cancer (BC) however, its success rate is still limited.

Methods: The study was designed to optimize the condition for producing an effective dendritic cell (DCs) based immunotherapy by using DCs and T lymphocytes together with tumor-infiltrating lymphocytes (TILs) and tumor-infiltrating DCs (TIDCs), treated with anti-PD1 and anti-CTLA4 monoclonal antibodies. This mixture of immune cells was co-cultured with autologous breast cancer cells (BCCs) isolated from 26 BC females.

Effects of Preoperative Antiplatelet Agents and Anticoagulants on Total Joint Arthroplasty Outcomes.

Postoperative total joint arthroplasty complications place a tremendous burden on the health care system. The purpose of this study was to compare 30-day postoperative complication rates for surgeries in patients who received preoperative antiplatelet agents and/or anticoagulants to surgeries in a control group that did not receive antiplatelet agents and/or anticoagulants in the 90 days prior to undergoing a total joint arthroplasty. We retrospectively reviewed total hip or knee arthroplasties from November 2012 to March 2016.

Comparison of Self-reported Versus Actual Height and Weight in the Orthopaedic Population.

The purpose of our study was to determine the accuracy of orthopaedic patient's reported height, weight, and body mass index (BMI). We hypothesized that patient's age, sex and/or BMI may affect their accuracy. We performed a prospective, observational study in the setting of our orthopaedic clinic.

Role of TGF-β1 and C-Kit Mutations in the Development of Hepatocellular Carcinoma in Hepatitis C Virus-Infected Patients: in vitro Study.

Transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) acts as a tumor-suppressing cytokine in healthy tissues and non-malignant tumors. Yet, in malignancy, TGF-β can exert the opposite effects that can promote proliferation of cancer cells. C-Kit plays a prominent role in stem cell activation and liver regeneration after injury.

Effect of Obesity on Component Alignment in Total Knee Arthroplasty.

Background: Obesity is routinely cited as a negative predictive factor for outcomes after total knee arthroplasty (TKA), but the direct mechanism responsible for this relationship has not been described. One possible explanation is a propensity for component malalignment in obese patients that is attributable to difficulty with surgical exposure.

Methods: This study evaluated the effect of obesity on TKA component alignment in 251 primary TKAs during a 12-month period at a single center in 2009.

Emerging role of nutrition and the non-coding landscape in type 2 diabetes mellitus: A review of literature.

With the advent of recent advances in molecular techniques and whole genome sequencing, we have come to know that the non-coding landscape (including non-coding RNAs, tRNAs and even telomeres) plays a major role in the regulation of cellular processes. Furthermore, the deregulation of this landscape has been found to contribute to and even bring about the pathogenesis of a large number of diseases. One of such diseases is diabetes mellitus (type 2 specifically) whose incidence rate and global burden is constantly increasing.

A novel potential effective strategy for enhancing the antitumor immune response in breast cancer patients using a viable cancer cell-dendritic cell-based vaccine.

Dendritic cells (DCs) have been used in a number of clinical trials for cancer immunotherapy; however, they have achieved limited success in solid tumors. Consequently the aim of the present study was to identify a novel potential immunotherapeutic target for breast cancer patients through optimization of a viable DC-based vaccine. Immature DCs were primed by viable MCF-7 breast cancer cells and the activity and maturation of DCs were assessed through measuring CD83, CD86 and major histocompatibility complex (MHC)-II expression, in addition to different T cell subpopulations, namely CD4 T cells, CD8 T cells, and CD4CD25 forkhead box protein 3 (Foxp3) regulatory T cells (Tregs), by flow cytometric analysis.

Assessment of seminal granulysin in infertile men with varicocele.

Varicocele has a common association with male infertility, but its exact role is still debated. Apoptosis has been suggested as one of the mechanisms of varicocele-associated infertility. Granulysin is a molecule that plays a role in apoptosis with no previous study about its role in male infertility.

Peroneus Quartus Muscle.

The peroneus quartus (PQ) muscle is a rare but sometimes missed potential etiology of ankle pain and tendon subluxation. We report the case of a 16-year-old boy who presented with lateral right ankle pain and subluxation of peroneal tendons. He had a history of non-Hodgkin lymphoma and palpable distal fibular osteochondroma.

Neurectomy Outcomes in Patients With Morton Neuroma: Comparison of Plantar vs Dorsal Approaches.

Background: Morton neuroma is a compressive neuropathy of the plantar digital nerve. Several surgical approaches have been used to treat painful Morton neuroma, with each approach having distinct advantages and disadvantages. For this study, we used validated outcome assessment tools to retrospectively compare patient satisfaction with 2 approaches.

Secondary Advanced Abdominal Pregnancy after Suspected Ruptured Cornual Pregnancy with Good Maternal Outcome: A Case with Unusual Gangrenous Fetal Toes and Ultrasound Diagnoses Managed by Hysterectomy.

Incidence of abdominal pregnancy is accounting for 1.4% of all ectopic pregnancies. This is a rare case report of a 35-year-old multigravida who was presented to our hospital at 24 weeks of gestation with advanced live intraabdominal pregnancy diagnosed by ultrasound.

Autologous islet transplantation with remote islet isolation after pancreas resection for chronic pancreatitis.

Importance: Autologous islet transplantation is an elegant and effective method for preserving euglycemia in patients undergoing near-total or total pancreatectomy for severe chronic pancreatitis. However, few centers worldwide perform this complex procedure, which requires interdisciplinary coordination and access to a sophisticated Food and Drug Administration-licensed islet-isolating facility.

Objective: To investigate outcomes from a single institutional case series of near-total or total pancreatectomy and autologous islet transplantation using remote islet isolation.

Estimation of bone mineral density in children from diagnostic CT images: a comparison of methods with and without an internal calibration standard.

We investigated the feasibility and potential limitations of estimating bone mineral density (BMD) from standard diagnostic computed tomography (dCT). We analyzed three sets of BMD measurements for L1 and L2, each performed by a novice and an expert, for intra- and interobserver variance (n=43 studies from 38 patients; median age, 13.2 years) using one BMD quantification system with (conventional quantitative computed tomography (QCT)) and two without (QCT and dCT) an external calibration phantom.

CCR7-dependent immunity during acute Toxoplasma gondii infection.

The chemokine receptor CCR7 is a well-established homing receptor for dendritic cells and T cells. Interactions with its ligands, CCL19 and CCL21, facilitate priming of immune responses in lymphoid tissue, yet CCR7-independent immune responses can be generated in the presence of sufficient antigen. In these studies, we investigated the role of CCR7 signaling in the generation of protective immune responses to the intracellular protozoan parasite Toxoplasma gondii.

Tuberculous pericardial effusion: features, tamponade, and computed tomography.

The clinical features with particular reference to tamponade and mediastinal adenopathy were studied in tuberculous pericardial effusion. Tamponade is a frequent complication and the recognition of tuberculous etiology can be difficult. Involvement of the pericardium is mostly from mediastinal lymph nodes that have not been studied.

The electrocardiogram in large pericardial effusion: the forgotten "P" wave and the influence of tamponade, size, etiology, and pericardial thickness on QRS voltage.

There are varying reports on the electrocardiogram in pericardial effusions. Some correlate low QRS voltage with tamponade and the size of the effusion while others do not. Low voltage also appears to vary with the etiology.

Large pericardial effusion: the differentiation of tuberculous from chronic idiopathic effusion.

Aims: Tuberculosis is a common cause of pericardial effusion in many parts of the world often presenting with tamponade. Its recognition is important but not always easy. This study was to prospectively compare the features of tuberculous with chronic idiopathic pericardial effusion.

Tuberculous pericardial effusion--mediastinal lymph glands: the cause and clue to the etiology.

Background: Tuberculous pericardial effusion is most often due to the spread of tuberculosis from the mediastinal lymph glands; however, no attempt has yet been made to study these glands. We studied the mediastinal glands in proven tuberculous pericardial effusion patients and hypothesized that the findings may be of use in the etiological diagnosis of pericardial effusion.

Methods And Results: We studied 45 patients with large pericardial effusion or tamponade.

Life-saving balloon mitral valvuloplasty in patient with cardiogenic shock after cardiac arrest.

Balloon mitral valvuloplasty is the procedure of choice in a selected group of patients with significant mitral stenosis and suitable valve morphology. Experience in patients with cardiogenic shock is very limited. We report the case of a dying patient in cardiogenic shock, with pulmonary edema and severe hepatic damage after cardiac arrest caused by mitral restenosis.

Changes in the workplace with telemedicine.

The opinions of 110 emergency nurse practitioners (ENPs) practising telemedicine in 11 British minor injury units were sought using a questionnaire. There were 90 respondents (82%). The respondents thought that, since telemedicine had been introduced, they had become more open to change (96%) and more ready to grasp opportunities (93%).

Selective population chemotherapy among schoolchildren in Beheira governorate: the UNICEF/Arab Republic of Egypt/WHO Schistosomiasis Control Project.

Selective population chemotherapy using a single dose of praziquantel (40 mg per kg body weight), which was offered to 29,365 schoolchildren in Abu El Matameer and 40,241 in Abo Homos districts, Beheira governorate in the Nile delta, reduced the prevalence of schistosomiasis from 75.4% to 40.9% (reduction of 45.