Characteristics of incisor-premolar hypodontia in families.

Nonsyndromic tooth agenesis is a genetically and phenotypically heterogenous condition. It is generally assumed that different phenotypic forms are caused by different mutated genes. We analyzed inheritance and phenotype of hypodontia and dental anomalies in 214 family members in three generations of 11 probands collected for genetic linkage study on incisor-premolar hypodontia (IPH).

Orthopedic cervical headgear with an expanded inner bow in class II correction.

Forty consecutively referred children, 20 boys and 20 girls, with a Class II division I malocclusion and protrusive maxilla were treated with orthopedic cervical headgear with a 10 mm expanded inner bow and a long outer bow bent 15 degrees upwards. The mean age of the children at the beginning of treatment was 9.3 years (SD 1.

Dental maturity in Finns and the problem of missing teeth.

Development of teeth was studied from 2483 dental panoramic tomograms of 1651 healthy Finns ranging in age from 2 to 25 years. Dental maturity was assessed using a method based on developmental stages of 7 left mandibular teeth. We give sex-specific tables of maturity scores as a function of ages and of ages as a function of maturity scores.

Comparison between cephalometric classification methods for sagittal jaw relationships.

The present study evaluated how 2 widely used cephalometric sagittal analyses, ANB angle and WITS appraisal, classify skeletal classes I, II, and III in a random selection of 497 Finnish boys aged 4-20 years. This distribution was also compared with the visual inspection of cephalometric structures judged by 2 university instructors in orthodontics. The results showed remarkable differences and even sparked controversy concerning classification of the sagittal jaw relationships.

Changes in dental arch dimensions by use of an orthopedic cervical headgear in Class II correction.

Orthopedic cervical headgears are commonly used in Finland for early treatment of the Class II malocclusion, but there is a lack of follow-up studies on the effect of this treatment. We have evaluated the effects of the cervical headgear therapy with an expanded inner bow to treat Class II malocclusion and dental arches. Forty children, 20 boys and 20 girls, with Class II, Division 1 malocclusion, were treated with the orthopedic cervical headgear.

Age and skeletal type-related changes of some cephalometric parameters in Finnish girls.

The aim of the present study was to define some cephalometric standards in a group of 217 Finnish girls from 7.0 to 18.0 years of age and furthermore to estimate the influence of the skeletal classes on these standards.

Atherosclerosis precursors in Finnish children and adolescents. XIV. Zinc and copper concentrations in deciduous teeth.

Zinc and copper concentrations were analysed from cariesfree deciduous teeth of 125 Finnish children, 6-7- and 9-10-year-olds, from three cities. Enamel and dentine were separated and prepared into pills which were analysed individually with the proton induced x-ray emission spectrometry (PIXE) method. The total mean (+/- SD) zinc concentrations for enamel and dentine were 143 +/- 31 and 133 +/- 36 ppm, respectively, and are in agreement with the values reported recently.

Lead concentrations of enamel and dentine of deciduous teeth of children from two Finnish towns.

The proton-induced x-ray emission method was used to analyze lead concentrations in enamel and dentine of deciduous teeth of 105 6- and 9-yr-old children living in two Finnish towns. Helsinki, the capital city, was assumed to represent high lead exposure and Kuopio, a country town in the middle of Finland, low or moderate lead exposure. In all but two teeth the enamel contained higher lead concentrations than dentine.

Influence of the modified Milwaukee brace on the dentofacial complex.

The influence of the Milwaukee brace treatment in a material of 56 patients, mean age 13.9 +/- 2.1 years, was studied.

Evaluation of autotransplantations of completely developed maxillary canines.

Transplantation of 28 maxillary canines was followed up in 22 patients with an average age of 25.2 s.d.

Determination of the gonial angle from the orthopantomogram.

This study demonstrates that the size of the gonial angle can be determined from the orthopantomogram with the same degree of accuracy as from the generally used lateral cephalogram, the gonial angle being formed by the tangents of the lower border of the mandible and the distal border of the ascending ramus and the condyle on each side. It also shows that the right and left gonial angles can be quite easily determined individually from orthopantomograms, thus avoiding the disturbing influence of the superimposed images found on lateral cephalograms. It proves conclusively that the orthopantomogram is the more obvious choice for determination of the gonial angles.