Publications by authors named "Haas P"

Article Synopsis
  • The study aimed to standardize qPCR procedures for diagnosing Mucorales by examining factors that influence DNA extraction and PCR amplification efficiency.
  • Two panels of samples were distributed to 26 laboratories, and results showed that using larger serum volumes for DNA extraction and larger input volumes for PCR significantly improved detection sensitivity.
  • Findings highlight the importance of optimizing laboratory techniques to enhance diagnosis of Mucormycosis, a serious fungal infection, which is critical for timely treatment in vulnerable patients.
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Buckling instabilities driven by tissue growth underpin key developmental events such as the folding of the brain. Tissue growth is disordered due to cell-to-cell variability, but the effects of this variability on buckling are unknown. Here, we analyze what is perhaps the simplest setup of this problem: the buckling of an elastic rod with fixed ends driven by spatially varying, yet highly symmetric growth.

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Congenital ocular malformations originate from defective morphogenesis during early eye development and cause 25% of childhood blindness. Formation of the eye is a multi-step, dynamic process; it involves evagination of the optic vesicle, followed by distal and ventral invagination, leading to the formation of a two-layered optic cup with a transient optic fissure. These tissue folding events require extensive changes in cell shape and tissue growth mediated by cytoskeleton mechanics and intercellular adhesion.

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As social and economic conditions are key determinants of HIV, the United States 'National HIV/AIDS Strategy (NHAS)', in addition to care and treatment, aims to address mental health, unemployment, food insecurity, and housing instability, as part of its strategic plan for the 'Ending the HIV Epidemic' initiative. Although mechanistic models of HIV play a key role in evaluating intervention strategies, social conditions are typically not part of the modeling framework. Challenges include the unavailability of coherent statistical data for social conditions and behaviors.

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  • Intracranial schwannomas are rare tumors, with pure motor nerve schwannomas being the least common, and their location near the brainstem complicates diagnosis.
  • A case study reports on a 47-year-old man with a tumor initially appearing to be a glioma, leading to surgery which revealed it was actually an extra-axial schwannoma from the trochlear nerve.
  • The study highlights the importance of recognizing the challenges in diagnosing these rare tumors, as they can easily be mistaken for other types, affecting treatment choices.
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To analyze mortality from head and neck cancer (HNC) in the State of Santa Catarina from 1979 to 2023. Ecological study of data available in the Mortality Atlas of the National Cancer Institute and in the Mortality Information System. Approximately 13,309 deaths due to HNC were recorded in the Mortality Atlas, considering the period from 1979 to 2021 and 11,027 deaths recorded in SIM in the period from 1996 to 2023.

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Objective: The systematic review with meta-analysis aimed to verify the occurrence of a protective effect on hearing loss due to a higher intake of carotenoids, vitamins A, C, E, and folate present in diets.

Methods: The search for scientific articles was carried out by 2 independent researchers in electronic databases. Meta-analysis was performed by constructing summary risk measures for each vitamin or antioxidant, combining the risk ratios or adjusted odds ratios (OR) for the various variables observed in the highest categories of vitamin or antioxidant consumption.

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Introduction: The most common hearing losses in the population are associated with genetic conditions, use of ototoxic substances or medications, infectious diseases, metabolic diseases and chronic ear diseases and the association of exposure to occupational risks or the natural aging process.

Objective: Verify the association between hearing loss in workers and metabolic diseases.

Method: Retrospective cross-sectional study with analysis of secondary data of subjects exposed to occupational noise and undergoing drug treatment for metabolic disease, attended in two occupational health clinics (C1 and C2) from January 2020 to December 2022, considering the data of reference examinations from the year 2005.

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Background: There has been a global pursuit to improve the diagnosis of tuberculosis in young children by applying diagnostic methods on accessible biospecimens such as stool. We aimed to conduct a systematic review on the accuracy of stool-based molecular tests for tuberculosis diagnosis in children and to assess the impact of the available pre-processing methods and other design characteristics.

Methods: In this systematic review and meta-analysis, we evaluated studies in children younger than 16 years with presumptive tuberculosis that were published in English, Spanish, French, and Portuguese from Jan 1, 2000, to May 3, 2024, in MEDLINE, Embase, and Embase Classic, comparing the molecular detection of Mycobacterium tuberculosis DNA in stool with microbiological tests on other samples or a clinical diagnosis.

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Congenital ocular malformations originate from defective morphogenesis during early eye development and cause 25% of childhood blindness. Formation of the eye is a multi-step, dynamic process; it involves evagination of the optic vesicle, followed by distal and ventral invagination, leading to the formation of a two-layered optic cup with a transient optic fissure. These tissue folding events require extensive changes in cell shape and tissue growth mediated by cytoskeleton mechanics and intercellular adhesion.

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Article Synopsis
  • Starting a medical career involves more than just clinical knowledge; skills like communication, leadership, and career management are essential but often underrepresented in medical school training.!* -
  • A survey of 450 final-year medical students revealed that while they value these competencies, they feel inadequately prepared by their curriculum, particularly in leadership and career management skills.!* -
  • There is a strong interest among students (90.7%) for additional courses focused on these skills, suggesting a need for curriculum changes to better equip future physicians for their careers.!*
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  • Hearing is crucial for newborn development, and Brazil's Universal Neonatal Hearing Screening (UNHS) aims to detect hearing loss early to support children's hearing health, especially in relation to STIs like congenital syphilis and HIV.
  • A study from two maternity hospitals in Greater Florianópolis analyzed 1,211 newborns referred for hearing retests between 2018 and 2022, revealing that 283 had congenital syphilis or HIV, with congenital syphilis being the most common.
  • UNHS is effective in monitoring newborn hearing health, showing that most infants passed retests, underscoring the importance of retesting and public health initiatives in improving neonatal health outcomes.
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New results are presented on a high-statistics measurement of Collins and Sivers asymmetries of charged hadrons produced in deep inelastic scattering of muons on a transversely polarized ^{6}LiD target. The data were taken in 2022 with the COMPASS spectrometer using the 160 GeV muon beam at CERN, statistically balancing the existing data on transversely polarized proton targets. The first results from about two-thirds of the new data have total uncertainties smaller by up to a factor of three compared to the previous deuteron measurements.

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The COMPASS Collaboration performed measurements of the Drell-Yan process in 2015 and 2018 using a 190  GeV/c π^{-} beam impinging on a transversely polarized ammonia target. Combining the data of both years, we present final results on the amplitudes of five azimuthal modulations, which correspond to transverse-spin-dependent azimuthal asymmetries (TSAs) in the dimuon production cross section. Three of them probe the nucleon leading-twist Sivers, transversity, and pretzelosity transverse-momentum dependent (TMD) parton distribution functions (PDFs).

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  • The study compared three-dimensional (3D) reconstructions of median and ulnar nerves using high-resolution ultrasound (HRUS) and magnetic resonance microscopy (MRM) to evaluate their effectiveness in showing nerve anatomy.
  • Using three fresh-frozen specimens, researchers performed HRUS imaging and then MRM after nerve excision, leading to the estimation of nerve structure volumes and connections.
  • Results showed that MRM provided more detailed images, revealing more fascicles and interfascicular connections than HRUS, highlighting HRUS's limitations in assessing peripheral nerve anatomy fully.
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Smart wearables support continuous monitoring of vital signs for early detection of deteriorating health. However, the devices and sensors require sufficient quality to produce meaningful signals, in particular, if data is acquired in motion. In this study, we equipped 48 subjects with smart shirts recording one-lead electrocardiography (ECG), thoracic and abdominal respiratory inductance plethysmography, and three-axis acceleration.

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Prokaryotes have evolved a multitude of defense systems to protect against phage predation. Some of these resemble eukaryotic genes involved in antiviral responses. Here, we set out to systematically project the current knowledge of eukaryotic-like antiviral defense systems onto prokaryotic genomes, using Pseudomonas aeruginosa as a model organism.

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Before revascularization, moyamoya patients require hemodynamic evaluation. In this study, we evaluated the scoring system , (PIRAMID). We also devised a new scoring system, (MARS-MMA), and compared the scoring systems with respect to the capability to predict impaired [O]water PET cerebral perfusion reserve capacity (CPR).

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Histoplasmosis is a frequent cause of infections in people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA). This study introduces the application of a Histoplasma capsulatum urine antigen lateral flow assay (LFA) for diagnosing disseminated histoplasmosis in PLWHA in Suriname. The LFA's diagnostic accuracy was compared with the current diagnostic approach, aiming to assess whether this test resulted in improved early detection and management.

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Asteroids with diameters less than about 5 km have complex histories because they are small enough for radiative torques (that is, YORP, short for the Yarkovsky-O'Keefe-Radzievskii-Paddack effect) to be a notable factor in their evolution. (152830) Dinkinesh is a small asteroid orbiting the Sun near the inner edge of the main asteroid belt with a heliocentric semimajor axis of 2.19 AU; its S-type spectrum is typical of bodies in this part of the main belt.

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Moyamoya disease (MMD) is a rare stenoocclusive cerebral vasculopathy often treated by neurosurgical revascularization using extracranial-intracranial bypasses to prevent ischemic or hemorrhagic events. Little is known about the vascular risk profile of adult MMD patients compared to the general population. We therefore analyzed 133 adult MMD patients and compared them with data from more than 22,000 patients from the German Health Update database.

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Background: In Nigeria, most children with tuberculosis (TB) present at primary health clinics where there are limited personnel skilled in collecting appropriate respiratory specimens from those who cannot produce sputum. KNCV Nigeria, in collaboration with the National Tuberculosis Control Program, implemented a modified simple, one-step (SOS), stool-based Xpert MTB/RIF method for diagnosis of TB in children who cannot expectorate sputum. We evaluated the impact of its implementation on childhood TB diagnosis.

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Background: Childhood tuberculosis (TB) diagnosis remains challenging, partly because children cannot provide sputum. This study evaluated the diagnostic accuracy of the Simple One-Step (SOS) stool method with Xpert MTB/RIF Ultra (Xpert-Ultra) for childhood TB compared to culture and Xpert-Ultra on a respiratory sample (RS) and clinical diagnosis. It also assessed the feasibility and acceptability of stool testing according to laboratory staff, and caregivers' sample preference.

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One quarter of the world's population is estimated to be infected with Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Identifying recent TB infection (TBI) offers an avenue to targeted TB preventative therapy provision, and prevention to disease progression. However, detecting recent TBI remains challenging.

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Using proteomics and complexome profiling, we evaluated in a year-long study longitudinal variations in the plasma proteome of kidney failure patients, prior to and after a kidney transplantation. The post-transplant period was complicated by bacterial infections, resulting in dramatic changes in the proteome, attributed to an acute phase response (APR). As positive acute phase proteins (APPs), being elevated upon inflammation, we observed the well-described C-reactive protein and Serum Amyloid A (SAA), but also Fibrinogen, Haptoglobin, Leucine-rich alpha-2-glycoprotein, Lipopolysaccharide-binding protein, Alpha-1-antitrypsin, Alpha-1-antichymotrypsin, S100, and CD14.

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