[Teaching Concept Hanover : Digitally integrated teaching for medical students at the University Clinic for Ophthalmology of the Hanover Medical School].

Background: Challenges in practice-oriented teaching at university clinics are increasing. A lack of resources contrasts a growing number of students. Digital lectures, seminars, and blended-learning concepts enable resource-efficient and effective teaching in ophthalmology.

Economic evaluation of critically ill adult CAR-T cell recipients-analysis from a healthcare payer perspective.

Background: CAR-T cell (chimeric antigen receptor T) therapy is now part of standard of care treatment of B‑cell lineage malignancies. Although it is an effective treatment, it comes along with adverse side effects and toxicities that may require intensive care therapy. The costs related to critical care therapy in critically ill patients after CAR‑T administration have not been evaluated.

Optical coherence tomography angiography to assess for retinal vascular changes in Neuro-Sjögren.

Background: Sjögren's syndrome is an autoimmune disease characterized by sicca symptoms and various extraglandular manifestations including vasculitis. Neurological involvement occurs frequently (Neuro-Sjögren) and often mimics immune neuropathies such as chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP).

Objectives: We aim to assess relevant differences in vessel density (VD) in Optical Coherence Tomography Angiography (OCTA) in those diseases to use it as an easily available diagnostic tool.

Evaluating the accuracy and reliability of AI chatbots in disseminating the content of current resuscitation guidelines: a comparative analysis between the ERC 2021 guidelines and both ChatGPTs 3.5 and 4.

Aim Of The Study: Artificial intelligence (AI) chatbots are established as tools for answering medical questions worldwide. Healthcare trainees are increasingly using this cutting-edge technology, although its reliability and accuracy in the context of healthcare remain uncertain. This study evaluated the suitability of Chat-GPT versions 3.

Intensive care unit cardiac arrest among very elderly critically ill patients - is cardiopulmonary resuscitation justified?

Introduction: The proportion of very elderly patients in the intensive care unit (ICU) is expected to rise. Furthermore, patients are likely more prone to suffer a cardiac arrest (CA) event within the ICU. The occurrence of intensive care unit cardiac arrest (ICU-CA) is associated with high mortality.

Association of early changes in arterial carbon dioxide with acute brain injury in adult patients with extracorporeal membrane oxygenation: A ten-year retrospective study in a German tertiary care hospital.

Purpose: To assess the association between fluctuations of arterial carbon dioxide early after start of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) with intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) or ischemic stroke (IS).

Materials And Methods: This single-center retrospective study included patients who required ECMO for circulatory or respiratory failure between January 2011 and April 2021 and for whom a cerebral computed tomography (cCT) scan was available. Multivariable logistic regression models were fitted to evaluate the association between the relative change of arterial carbon dioxide (RelΔPaCO) and ICH, IS or a composite of ICH, IS, and mortality.

Late Onset of Primary Hemophagocytic Lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) with a Novel Constellation of Compound Heterozygosity Involving Two Missense Variants in the Gene.

Hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis (HLH) is a rare but in most cases life-threatening immune-mediated disease of the hematopoietic system frequently associated with hematologic neoplasms. Here, we report on a case in which we detected a novel constellation of two missense variants affecting the gene, leading to de novo primary HLH. Diagnostics included a comprehensive clinical work-up and standard methods of hematopathology as well as extended molecular genomics based on polymerase chain reaction (PCR) reactions and the calculation of three-dimensional molecule reconstructions of .

[Significance of natural language processing and chat-based generative language models].

Background: Natural language processing (NLP) has experienced significant growth in recent years and shows potential for broad impacts in scientific research and clinical practice.

Objective: This study comprises an exploration of the role of NLP in scientific research and its subsequent effects on traditional publication practices, as well as an evaluation of the opportunities and challenges offered by large language models (LLM) and a reflection on necessary paradigm shifts in research culture.

Materials And Methods: Current LLMs, such as ChatGPT, and their potential applications were compared and assessed.

[Artificial intelligence: How will ChatGPT and other AI applications change our everyday medical practice?].

Background: With the free provision of the chat robot "ChatGPT" by the company OpenAI in November 2022, an application of artificial intelligence (AI) became tangible for everyone.

Objectives: An explanation of the basic functionality of large language models (LLM) is given, followed by a presentation of application options of ChatGPT in medicine, and an outlook and discussion of possible dangers of AI applications.

Methods: Problem solving with ChatGPT using concrete examples.

Assessing the weak links - Necessity and impact of regional cardiac arrest awareness campaigns for laypersons.

Introduction: Public knowledge of out-of-hospital cardiac arrest (OHCA), and initiation of basic life support (BLS) is crucial to increase survival in OHCA.

Methods: The study analysed the knowledge and willingness to perform BLS of laypersons passing an AED at a public train station. Interviewees were recruited at two time points before and after a four year-long structured regional awareness campaign, which focused on , , in a mid-size European city (270,000 inhabitants).

Trigeminal Nerve Affection in Patients with Neuro-Sjögren Detected by Corneal Confocal Microscopy.

Background: Patients with Sjögren's syndrome and polyneuropathy more frequently develop cranial nerve affection when compared to patients with chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyneuropathy (CIDP). We therefore aimed to analyze trigeminal corneal nerve fibre characteristics in both patient groups.

Methods: A total of 26 patients with Sjögren's syndrome associated neuropathy and 29 patients with CIDP were recruited at our university hospital and compared to 6 healthy controls.

Thyroid function and IVF outcome for different indications of subfertility.

Abstract: Studies evaluating pregnancy outcomes after assisted reproductive treatment (ART) in women with high-normal (2.5-4.5 mIU/L) thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels are conflicting, possibly due to different patient charactistics and subfertility indications.

The influence of corneal density and thickness on tonometry measurement with goldmann applanation, non-contact and iCare tonometry methods.

Purpose: To evaluate the effect of corneal density and thickness on the accuracy of tonometry readings obtained via three most used techniques.

Method: Intraocular pressures of 45 patients' right eyes were measured using Goldmann Applanation, iCare, and non-contact tonometry methods. Corneal parameters were obtained using the Pentacam Camera System.

More Live Births in Primary Subfertile Intracytoplasmic Sperm Injection-Treated Women with High Normal TSH Levels.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to analyze the fertility outcome in intracytoplasmic sperm injection (ICSI)-treated women across normal range thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) levels. Published results are inconclusive about optimal TSH levels and fertility.

Design: This is a retrospective cohort study in 752 ICSI-treated women with predominantly severe male factor subfertility, starting treatment between the first of January 2008 and the first of March 2012 with a follow-up until 2014.

Saturation Mechanisms in Common LED Phosphors.

Commercial lighting for ambient and display applications is mostly based on blue light-emitting diodes (LEDs) combined with phosphor materials that convert some of the blue light into green, yellow, orange, and red. Not many phosphor materials can offer stable output under high incident light intensities for thousands of operating hours. Even the most promising LED phosphors saturate in high-power applications, that is, they show decreased light output.

Infective endocarditis - A review of current therapy and future challenges.

Etiological, microbiological and epidemiological factors changed over time, but mortality rates remain high in infective endocarditis (IE). Healthcare-associated IE is nowadays responsible for a significant proportion of cases due to increasing numbers of cardiac devices. Cardiac implantable electronic devices, transcatheter aortic valve replacement, and percutaneous valve repair are meanwhile used, especially in old and sick patients.

YAG:Ce Phosphor: From Micron-Sized Workhorse for General Lighting to a Bright Future on the Nanoscale.

The renowned yellow phosphor yttrium aluminum garnet (YAG) doped with trivalent cerium has found its way into applications in many forms: as powder of micron sized crystals, as a ceramic, and even as a single crystal. However, additional technological advancement requires providing this material in new form factors, especially in terms of particle size. Where many materials have been developed on the nanoscale with excellent optical properties (e.

Eu Sensitization via Nonradiative Interparticle Energy Transfer Using Inorganic Nanoparticles.

Phosphors have been used successfully for both research and commercial applications for decades. Eu-doped materials are especially promising, because of their extremely stable, efficient, and narrow red emission lines. Although these emission properties are ideal for lighting applications, weak absorption in the blue spectral range has until now prevented the use of Eu-based phosphors in applications based on blue light-emitting diodes.

Modelling cell-free RNA and protein synthesis with minimal systems.

DNA-guided cell-free protein synthesis using a minimal set of purified components has emerged as a versatile platform in constructive biology. The E. coli-based PURE (protein synthesis using recombinant elements) system offers the basic protein synthesis factory in a prospective minimal cell relying on extant molecules.

Shannon Entropy to Evaluate Substitution Rate Variation Among Viral Nucleotide Positions in Datasets of Viral siRNAs.

Next-generation sequencing has opened the door to the reconstruction of viral populations and examination of the composition of mutant spectra in infected cells, tissues, and host organisms. In this chapter we present details on the use of the Shannon entropy method to estimate the site-specific nucleotide relative variability of turnip crinkle virus, a positive (+) stranded RNA plant virus, in a large dataset of short RNAs of Cicer arietinum L., a natural reservoir of the virus.

Increasing Sense of Community in Higher Education Nutrition Courses Using Technology.

Sense of community is integral across education formats and can affect achievement, interactivity, and retention. Factors shown to engage students and foster sense of community include the instructor focusing and directing discussions, encouraging open expression of opinions, responding to communications and feedback in a timely way, and giving the opportunity to build relationships. Technology has tremendous potential to enhance these activities at all levels of higher education.

Nanoscopic control and quantification of enantioselective optical forces.

Circularly polarized light (CPL) exerts a force of different magnitude on left- and right-handed enantiomers, an effect that could be exploited for chiral resolution of chemical compounds as well as controlled assembly of chiral nanostructures. However, enantioselective optical forces are challenging to control and quantify because their magnitude is extremely small (sub-piconewton) and varies in space with sub-micrometre resolution. Here, we report a technique to both strengthen and visualize these forces, using a chiral atomic force microscope probe coupled to a plasmonic optical tweezer.

Array Analysis Manager-An automated DNA microarray analysis tool simplifying microarray data filtering, bias recognition, normalization, and expression analysis.

Desoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) microarray experiments generate big datasets. To successfully harness the potential information within, multiple filtering, normalization, and analysis methods need to be applied. An in-depth knowledge of underlying physical, chemical, and statistical processes is crucial to the success of this analysis.

Optimization of Cyanine Dye Stability and Analysis of FRET Interaction on DNA Microarrays.

The application of DNA microarrays for high throughput analysis of genetic regulation is often limited by the fluorophores used as markers. The implementation of multi-scan techniques is limited by the fluorophores' susceptibility to photobleaching when exposed to the scanner laser light. This paper presents combined mechanical and chemical strategies which enhance the photostability of cyanine 3 and cyanine 5 as part of solid state DNA microarrays.