[Pituitary apoplexy after injection of pituitary-hormone releasing hormones].

Pituitary apoplexy often occurs spontaneously in adenomas. A few cases have been reported after testing anterior pituitary function by means of intravenous injections of a mixture of gonadotropin-releasing hormone and thyrotropin-releasing hormone, or gonadotropin-releasing hormone alone. In these cases the development of visual field defects has necessitated surgical intervention, which confirmed pituitary apoplexy.

Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII), multiple injections (MI) and conventional insulin therapy (CT) in self-selecting insulin-dependent diabetic patients. A comparison of metabolic control, acute complications and patient preferences.

Continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) and multiple injections (MI) have been shown to have metabolic advantages in highly-selected insulin-dependent diabetics (IDDs), but there have been few comparative studies in self-selected IDDs. With MI, the optimal insulin preparation for overnight insulin delivery has not been defined. We compared conventional 2-3 injection therapy (CT), CSII and MI with human isophane insulin (MI/human isophane) and human ultralente insulin (MI/human ultralente), respectively, at bedtime in self-selected IDDs.

Early morning glycaemia and the metabolic consequences of delaying breakfast/morning insulin. A comparison of continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion and multiple injection therapy with human isophane or human ultralente insulin at bedtime in insulin-dependent diabetics.

We studied morning glycaemia and metabolic consequences of delaying morning insulin/breakfast in insulin-dependent diabetics on (i) continuous subcutaneous insulin infusion (CSII) (n = 27), (ii) multiple-injection therapy (MI) with human isophane insulin at bedtime (MI/human isophane) (n = 23) and (iii) MI with human ultralente insulin at bedtime (MI/human ultralente) (n = 14). After an overnight fast, food and insulin (except for the basal infusion on CSII) were withheld, and blood glucose, serum free insulin and serum betahydroxybutyrate were followed from 0800 hours to 1300 hours. At all times blood glucose was lowest on CSII, intermediate on MI/human isophane and highest on MI/human ultralente; serum free insulin was highest on CSII, intermediate on MI/human ultralente and lowest on MI/human isophane; serum betahydroxybutyrate was lowest on CSII, intermediate on MI/human ultralente and highest on MI/human isophane.

Transient proliferative diabetic retinopathy during intensified insulin treatment.

Two women aged 22 and 19 years who had had diabetes for 11 and four years, respectively, developed proliferative retinopathy after five to seven months of significantly improved metabolic control. They were participants in two separate prospective studies including 97 insulin-dependent patients. At inclusion, one patient showed minimal background retinopathy and the other showed no retinopathy.