Muscle contractile properties and perceived fatigue in the general and diseased population.

Knowledge of muscle contractile properties, physical fitness, and their associations with perceived fatigue may provide insights into mechanisms inducing fatigue and treatment targets. We aimed to identify differences in contractile properties and physical fitness between populations, and examine associations with perceived fatigue. We pooled data on perceived fatigue, physical fitness, and contractile properties from six studies, including a control group (n = 90), cancer survivors (n = 27), patients with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD; n = 16), chronic myeloid leukemia (CML; n = 20), and statin users (n = 64).

Symptom's resolution and growth outcome of children with cow's milk protein allergy consuming two hydrolyzed formulas: A retrospective study in Mexico.

Background: Cow's milk protein allergy (CMPA) is the leading cause of food allergy in infants and young children. An extensively hydrolyzed formula (eHF) is the first choice of dietary management, however, not all of them have similar peptide profiles and degree of hydrolysis. The aim of this retrospective study was to investigate the use of two commercially available infant formulas in the clinical management of CMPA in Mexico in terms of symptoms' resolution and growth trajectories.

Prebiotic Galacto-Oligosaccharides Impact Stool Frequency and Fecal Microbiota in Self-Reported Constipated Adults: A Randomized Clinical Trial.

Constipation is a major issue for 10-20% of the global population. In a double-blind randomized placebo-controlled clinical trial, we aimed to determine a dose-response effect of galacto-oligosaccharides (GOS) on stool characteristics and fecal microbiota in 132 adults with self-reported constipation according to Rome IV criteria (including less than three bowel movements per week). Subjects (94% females, aged: 18-59 years) received either 11 g or 5.

Increasing Nitrate-Rich Vegetable Intake Lowers Ambulatory Blood Pressure in (pre)Hypertensive Middle-Aged and Older Adults: A 12-Wk Randomized Controlled Trial.

Background: Emerging evidence suggests that increasing dietary nitrate intake may be an effective approach to improve cardiovascular health. However, the effects of a prolonged elevation of nitrate intake through an increase in vegetable consumption are understudied.

Objective: Our primary aim was to determine the impact of 12 wk of increased daily consumption of nitrate-rich vegetables or nitrate supplementation on blood pressure (BP) in (pre)hypertensive middle-aged and older adults.

The Effect of Protein Supplementation versus Carbohydrate Supplementation on Muscle Damage Markers and Soreness Following a 15-km Road Race: A Double-Blind Randomized Controlled Trial.

We assessed whether a protein supplementation protocol could attenuate running-induced muscle soreness and other muscle damage markers compared to iso-caloric placebo supplementation. A double-blind randomized controlled trial was performed among 323 recreational runners (age 44 ± 11 years, 56% men) participating in a 15-km road race. Participants received milk protein or carbohydrate supplementation, for three consecutive days post-race.

Higher Levels of Physical Activity Are Associated with Greater Fruit and Vegetable intake in Older Adults.

Objective: High levels of physical activity (PA) and optimal nutrition independently improve healthy aging, but few data are available about how PA may influence food preferences in older populations. Therefore, the aim of our study was to establish if there is an association between habitual PA and intake of nutrient-dense foods (i.e.

Repeated prolonged moderate-intensity walking exercise does not appear to have harmful effects on inflammatory markers in patients with inflammatory bowel disease.

Background And Objectives: The role of exercise in the management of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is inconclusive as most research focused on short or low-intensity exercise bouts and subjective outcomes. We assessed the effects of repeated prolonged moderate-intensity exercise on objective inflammatory markers in IBD patients.

Methods: In this study, IBD patients (IBD walkers,  = 18), and a control group (non-IBD walkers,  = 19), completed a 30, 40 or 50 km walking exercise on four consecutive days.

Rising arsenic concentrations from dewatering a geothermally influenced aquifer in central Mexico.

This study identifies causes of rising arsenic (As) concentrations over 17 years in an inter-montane aquifer system located just north of the Trans-Mexican-Volcanic-Belt in the Mesa central physiographic region that is extensively developed by long-screened production wells. Arsenic concentrations increased by more than 10 µg/L in 14% (3/22) of re-sampled wells. Similarly, in a larger scale analysis wherein As concentrations measured in 137 wells in 2016 were compared to interpolated, baseline concentrations from 246 wells in 1999, As concentrations rose more than 10 µg/L in 30% of wells.

Relationship between intake and plasma concentrations of vitamin B12 and folate in 873 adults with a physically active lifestyle: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Vitamin B12 and folate function as co-factors in pathways used during physical activity. Physical activity may therefore increase vitamin requirements, leading to a risk of deficient plasma concentrations. We aimed to investigate the relationship between intake and plasma concentrations of vitamin B12 and folate in physically active adults, as well as identify other determinants of vitamin B12 and folate plasma concentrations.

The Impact of Protein Supplementation on Exercise-Induced Muscle Damage, Soreness and Fatigue Following Prolonged Walking Exercise in Vital Older Adults: A Randomized Double-Blind Placebo-Controlled Trial.

Background: It is unknown whether protein supplementation can enhance recovery of exercise-induced muscle damage in older adults who have a disturbed muscle protein synthetic response. We assessed whether protein supplementation could attenuate exercise-induced muscle damage and soreness after prolonged moderate-intensity walking exercise in older adults.

Methods: In a double-blind, placebo-controlled intervention study, 104 subjects (81% male, ≥65 years) used either a protein (n = 50) or placebo supplement (n = 54) during breakfast and directly after exercise.

Core Temperature and Sweating in Men and Women During a 15-km Race in Cool Conditions.

Purpose: Studies often assess the impact of sex on the relation between core body temperature (CBT), whole-body sweat rate (WBSR), and heat production during exercise in laboratory settings, but less is known in free-living conditions. Therefore, the authors compared the relation between CBT, WBSR, and heat production between sexes in a 15-km race under cool conditions.

Methods: During 3 editions of the Seven Hills Run (Nijmegen, the Netherlands) with similar ambient conditions (8-12°C, 80-95% relative humidity), CBT and WBSR were measured among 375 participants (52% male) before and immediately after the 15-km race.

Effectiveness of collagen supplementation on pain scores in healthy individuals with self-reported knee pain: a randomized controlled trial.

The purpose of this study was to examine the effects of 12 weeks collagen peptide (CP) supplementation on knee pain and function in individuals with self-reported knee pain. Healthy physically active individuals ( = 167; aged 63 [interquartile range = 56-68] years) with self-reported knee pain received 10 g/day of CP or placebo for 12 weeks. Knee pain and function were measured with the Visual Analog Scale (VAS), the Lysholm questionnaire, and the Knee injury and Osteoarthritis Outcome Score (KOOS).

Protein supplementation improves lean body mass in physically active older adults: a randomized placebo-controlled trial.

Background: An inadequate protein intake may offset the muscle protein synthetic response after physical activity, reducing the possible benefits of an active lifestyle for muscle mass. We examined the effects of 12 weeks of daily protein supplementation on lean body mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in physically active older adults with a low habitual protein intake (<1.0 g/kg/day).

Determinants of vitamin D status in physically active elderly in the Netherlands.

Purpose: Vitamin D deficiencies are common in elderly, which increases the risk for, e.g., bone fractures.

Effects of protein supplementation on lean body mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in nonfrail community-dwelling older adults: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Increasing protein intake has been suggested as an effective strategy to ameliorate age-related loss of muscle mass and strength. Current reviews assessing the effect of protein supplementation are strongly influenced by the inclusion of studies with frail older adults.

Objectives: We assessed the effect of protein supplementation on lean body mass, muscle strength, and physical performance in exclusively nonfrail community-dwelling older adults.

Insufficient Protein Intakes is Highly Prevalent among Physically Active Elderly.

Objectives: Sufficient protein intake and habitual physical activity are key factors in the prevention and treatment of sarcopenia. In the present study, we assessed habitual dietary protein intake and the contribution of animal proteins in male versus female physically active elderly and identified determinants of protein intake.

Design: a cross-sectional study.

Changes in iron metabolism during prolonged repeated walking exercise in middle-aged men and women.

Purpose: The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of prolonged and repeated exercise on iron metabolism in middle-aged adults and to compare differences between sexes.

Methods: 50 male (58.9 ± 9.

Protein Intake and Distribution in Relation to Physical Functioning and Quality of Life in Community-Dwelling Elderly People: Acknowledging the Role of Physical Activity.

Increasing total protein intake and a spread protein intake distribution are potential strategies to attenuate sarcopenia related loss of physical function and quality of life. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to investigate whether protein intake and protein intake distribution are associated with muscle strength, physical function and quality of life in community-dwelling elderly people with a wide range of physical activity. Dietary and physical activity data were obtained from two studies (N = 140, age 81 ± 6, 64% male), with the following outcome measures: physical functioning (Short Physical Performance Battery (SPPB), comprising balance, gait speed and chair rise tests), handgrip strength and quality of life (EQ-5D-5L).

First-Aid Treatment for Friction Blisters: "Walking Into the Right Direction?".

Objective: Blisters are common foot injuries during and after prolonged walking. However, the best treatment remains unclear. The aim of the study was to compare the effect of 2 different friction blister treatment regimens, wide area fixation dressing versus adhesive tape.

The Magnitude and Time Course of Muscle Cross-section Decrease in Intensive Care Unit Patients.

Objective: Bedriddenness and immobilization of patients at an intensive care unit may result in muscle atrophy and devaluation in quality of life. The exact effect of immobilization on intensive care unit patients is not known. The aim of this study was to investigate the magnitude and time course of muscle cross-section decrease in acute critically ill patients admitted to the intensive care unit.

Injuries in runners; a systematic review on risk factors and sex differences.

Background: The popularity of running continues to increase, which means that the incidence of running-related injuries will probably also continue to increase. Little is known about risk factors for running injuries and whether they are sex-specific.

Objectives: The aim of this study was to review information about risk factors and sex-specific differences for running-induced injuries in adults.

Nutritional indicators for gastrointestinal symptoms in female runners: the 'Marikenloop study'.

Objectives: Among runners the reported prevalence of exercise-induced gastrointestinal (GI) symptoms is high (25%-83%). We aimed to investigate the prevalence of GI symptoms in women during a 5-10 km run in general and to explore the association between nutritional intakes and GI symptoms.

Setting: As part of the Marikenloop-study (a cohort study to identify predictor variables of running injuries), a cross-sectional questionnaire was distributed in interested runners of the '2013 Marikenloop'.

Predicting discharge destination of stroke patients using a mathematical model based on six items from the Functional Independence Measure.

Objective: A mathematical model using selected items from the Functional Independence Measure (FIM) was developed to predict disposition of stroke patients from an acute care hospital.

Design: Case series of 279 acute stroke patients admitted to the hospital from 4/91 through 12/93. Data collection remains ongoing; a second series of patients will be analyzed to validate results and determine if the same 6 FIM items are significant.