Assessment of arthrogenic quadriceps muscle inhibition by physical examination in the supine position during isometric contraction is feasible as demonstrated by electromyography: a cross-sectional study.

Background: Preventing severe arthrogenic muscle inhibition (AMI) after knee injury is critical for better prognosis. The novel Sonnery-Cottet classification of AMI enables the evaluation of AMI severity but requires validation. This study aimed to investigate the electromyography (EMG) patterns of leg muscles in the examination position from the classification during isometric contraction to confirm its validity.

Clinical Feasibility of a Markerless Gait Analysis System.

Background: The gait analysis method that has been used in clinical practice to date is an optical tracking system (OTS) using a marker, but a markerless gait analysis (MGA) system is being developed because of the expensive cost and complicated examination of the OTS. To apply this MGA clinically, a comparative study of the MGA and OTS methods is necessary. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the compatibility between the OTS and the MGA methods and to evaluate the usefulness of the MGA system in actual clinical settings.

Comparative Interrupted Time Series Analysis of Long-term Direct Medical Costs in Patients With Hip Fractures and a Matched Cohort: A Large-database Study.

Background: Previous studies on medical costs in patients with hip fractures have focused on medical costs incurred for a short period after the injury. However, patients often had comorbidities before their hip fractures that would have affected medical costs even had they not sustained a fracture. Consequently, these studies may have overestimated the costs associated with hip fractures and did not characterize the duration of increased medical costs adequately.

Review on Basicervical Femoral Neck Fracture: Definition, Treatments, and Failures.

Basicervical femoral neck fracture is an uncommon fracture that accounts for only 1.8% of all proximal femoral fractures. Previous studies have recommended that the choice of implant to treat this fracture should be similar to that of intertrochanteric fracture.

Changes in Gait and Radiographic and Clinical Results of Calcaneal Lengthening Osteotomy in Children with Idiopathic Flexible Flatfoot.

Backgroud: In this study, we aimed to analyze kinematic and kinetic changes in gait and to assess radiographic and clinical improvement after calcaneal lengthening osteotomy (CLO) in children with idiopathic symptomatic flexible flatfoot deformities.

Methods: The study group consisted of 22 children (28 feet) with idiopathic symptomatic flexible flatfoot, which was treated by CLO as an index operation. We excluded patients with flatfoot that developed secondary to neuromuscular diseases.

Clinical and Radiological Outcomes after Various Treatments of Midshaft Clavicle Fractures in Adolescents.

Backgroud: Controversy exists about the optimal treatment of midshaft clavicle fractures in the presence of significant displacement, comminution, or shortening of the fracture in adolescents. The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical and radiological outcomes of 4 different treatments for midshaft clavicle fractures in adolescents: conservative treatment with a figure-of-8 (FO8) brace, open reduction and internal fixation with a plate (OPL), minimally invasive plate osteosynthesis (MIPO), and intramedullary nail fixation with a threaded Steinmann pin (TSP).

Methods: A total of 94 teenagers with midshaft clavicle fractures were divided into the FO8, OPL, MIPO, and TSP groups (n = 24, 33, 16, and 21, respectively).

The effect of surgery type on mortality in elderly patients with pertrochanteric femoral fracture: A Korean nationwide cohort study.

Background/objective: The purpose of this study is to analyze the effect of surgical methods on mortality and the relative risk of patients who underwent internal fixation (IF) or hemiarthroplasty (HA) after being diagnosed as a pertrochanteric fracture over 65 years old in a Korean nationwide cohort with a single insurance medical system.

Methods: The Korean National Health Insurance Service-Senior cohort (NHIS-Senior, NHIS-2018-2-111) was used in this study. The eligibility criteria for incident hip fracture patients were the following: (1) first-time admission to acute care hospitals (index admission) with pertrochanteric fracture (ICD-10 S721), (2) three years of hip fracture-free period, (3) recipients of typical surgeries including IF, HA, (4) age between 65 and 99.

Biomechanical Evaluation of Internal Fixation of Pauwels Type III Femoral Neck Fractures: A Systematic Review of Various Fixation Methods.

Background: The purpose of this systematic review was to investigate various fixation methods or implants used in the treatment of Pauwels type III femoral neck fractures.

Methods: PubMed Central, OVID Medline, Cochrane Collaboration Library, Web of Science, Embase, and AHRQ databases were searched to identify relevant studies published until August 2017 with English language restriction. Studies were selected on the basis of the following inclusion criteria: biomechanical study of Pauwels type III femoral neck fractures and the use of dynamic hip screw (DHS) or multiple screw fixation or other devices for fixation of the fracture.

Gait analysis after total hip arthroplasty using direct anterior approach versus anterolateral approach: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Comparative studies of total hip arthroplasty using the direct anterior approach (DAA) compared with the anterolateral approach (ALA) by gait analysis compared the results of the two groups, the damage to the abductor muscle, with objective and detailed kinematic as well as kinetic data of actual gait. The purpose of this systematic review was to analyze the differences in gait such as time-dependent parameters, kinetics, and kinematics after THA using the DAA compared with ALA.

Methods: PubMed Central, OVID Medline, Cochrane Collaboration Library, Web of Science, EMBASE and AHRQ carried out a comprehensive search for all relevant randomized controlled trials and comparative studies, up to December 2018.

Acute Cholecystitis in Elderly Patients after Hip Fracture: a Nationwide Cohort Study.

Background: Because acute cholecystitis in elderly hip fracture is not easily distinguishable from other gastrointestinal symptoms and involves atypical clinical behaviors, it may not be diagnosed in the early stage. However, the exact incidences could not be reported. We utilized data from a nationwide claims database and attempted to assess the incidence of acute cholecystitis in elderly hip fracture patients and how cholecystitis affects mortality rates after hip fracture.

Comparison between Cementless and Cemented Bipolar Hemiarthroplasty for Treatment of Unstable Intertrochanteric Fractures: Systematic Review and Meta-analysis.

Purpose: This study was conducted to compare cemented and cementless bipolar hemiarthroplasty in elderly patients with unstable intertrochanteric fractures via meta-analysis and systematic review of relevant studies.

Materials And Methods: Systematic review and meta-analysis were performed on 31 available clinical studies; 19 of these studies used cemented stems, 12 used cementless stems, one used both types of stems, and two studies involved a comparative analysis of both stem types.

Results: There were statistically significant differences in rates of leg length discrepancy (LLD) greater than 1 cm between the cemented (event rate, 0.

Femoral head wedge resection for the treatment of avascular necrosis of the femoral head after pediatric femoral neck fracture: a case report.

This research focuses on femoral head wedge resection for the treatment of avascular necrosis (AVN) of the femoral head. A 9-year-old girl presented to the emergency room complaining of right hip pain that occurred after a pedestrian car accident. After 8 months of internal fixation using cannulated screws for Delbet-type 2 fracture of the femoral neck, AVN of the femoral head developed in the patient.

A Minimum Ten Years of Follow-Up of Alumina Head on Delta Liner Total Hip Arthroplasty.

Background: In the early days when delta ceramics were developed, there was a period of using delta ceramic liner and alumina ceramic head. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the clinical and radiological outcomes of total hip arthroplasty using delta ceramic liner on alumina ceramic head after a minimum of 10 years of follow-up and to evaluate problems of early delta ceramic liner.

Methods: Alumina on delta cementless total hip arthroplasty was performed in 92 hips (85 patients) from August 2005 to March 2007 at our hospital.

Gait Analysis of Symptomatic Flatfoot in Children: An Observational Study.

Background: Flatfoot deformity is a lever arm disease that incurs kinetic inefficiency during gait. The purpose of this study was to measure the degree of kinetic inefficiency by comparing the gait analysis data of a flatfoot group with a normal control group.

Methods: The patient group consisted of 26 children (21 males and 5 females) with symptomatic flatfoot.

Correlation of the torsion values measured by rotational profile, kinematics, and CT study in CP patients.

Background: The purpose of study was to analyze correlations between bony torsions measured by Staheli's rotation profile, computed tomography (CT) torsional study, and gait analysis in patients with cerebral palsy (CP).

Materials & Method: The study group comprised of 26 children with CP (spastic diplegia, Gross Motor Function Classification System (GMFCS) 1-2, mean age 12.6 years) with torsional deformities.

Mobile bearing medial unicompartmental knee arthroplasty in patients whose lifestyles involve high degrees of knee flexion: A 10-14year follow-up study.

Background: Because Asian populations have different lifestyles, such as squatting and sitting on the floor, from those of Western populations, it is possible that the clinical results and survival rate of unicompartmental knee arthroplasty (UKA) for Asian patients may be different. This study described outcomes of mobile bearing medial UKA for Korean patients.

Methods: A total of the 164 knees treated with mobile bearing UKAs in 147 patients (14 males and 133 females) were reviewed.

Changes in gait parameters after femoral derotational osteotomy in cerebral palsy patients with medial femoral torsion.

Medial femoral torsion (MFT) is a common pathologic gait in cerebral palsy (CP) children that can be corrected by femoral derotational osteotomy (FDO). It is not clearly known as to how much various gait parameters change after FDO. The aim of this study was to quantify changes in gait parameters after FDO.

Spinal Cord Injury During Ultrasound-Guided C7 Cervical Medial Branch Block.

Ultrasound-guided cervical medial branch block (CMBB) is commonly performed to diagnose and treat head, neck, and shoulder pain. However, its use at the C7 level has been shown to be less accurate than at other levels, which may increase the chance of injury owing to the imprecision of needle site provided by the ultrasound guide. We report the first case of iatrogenic spinal cord injury from an ultrasound-guided C7 CMBB.

Three-Dimensional Scapular Kinematics in Patients with Reverse Total Shoulder Arthroplasty during Arm Motion.

Background: There have been few reports on altered kinematics of the shoulder after reverse total shoulder arthroplasty (RTSA). We investigated differences in 3-dimensional (3D) scapular motions assessed using an optical tracking system between RTSA treated shoulders and asymptomatic contralateral shoulders during arm motion.

Methods: Thirteen patients who underwent RTSA were assessed for active arm elevation in 2 distinct elevation planes (sagittal plane flexion and scapular plane abduction).

Comprehensive genetic exploration of skeletal dysplasia using targeted exome sequencing.

Purpose: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the clinical utility of targeted exome sequencing (TES) as a molecular diagnostic tool for patients with skeletal dysplasia.

Methods: A total of 185 patients either diagnosed with or suspected to have skeletal dysplasia were recruited over a period of 3 years. TES was performed for 255 genes associated with the pathogenesis of skeletal dysplasia, and candidate variants were selected using a bioinformatics analysis.

Screw-Home Movement of the Tibiofemoral Joint during Normal Gait: Three-Dimensional Analysis.

Background: The purpose of this study was to evaluate the screw-home movement at the tibiofemoral joint during normal gait by utilizing the 3-dimensional motion capture technique.

Methods: Fifteen young males and fifteen young females (total 60 knee joints) who had no history of musculoskeletal disease or a particular gait problem were included in this study. Two more markers were attached to the subject in addition to the Helen-Hayes marker set.

Modified Stoppa approach for surgical treatment of acetabular fracture.

Background: We analyzed the extent of the comminution in the acetabular weight-bearing area, the clinical and radiographic results, and the complications after a minimum 2-year follow-up of the modified Stoppa approach for the treatment of acetabular fractures, and we attempted to evaluate the efficacy of the operative technique.

Methods: All of the 22 patients, who needed the anterior approach for the treatment of acetabular fractures at our hospital from November 2007 to November 2010, were subjected to surgery via the modified Stoppa approach. Fracture pattern, operative time, blood loss during the operation, quality of reduction, number of bony fragments in the acetabular weight-bearing area, and postoperative complications were assessed by retrospectively analyzing the medical records and the radiographic examinations.

Anatomic Single Bundle Anterior Cruciate Ligament Reconstruction by Low Accessory Anteromedial Portal Technique: An In Vivo 3D CT Study.

Purpose: Proper femoral tunnel position is important for anatomical reconstruction of the anterior cruciate ligament (ACL). The purpose of this study was to evaluate the positions of femoral and tibial tunnels created using an accessory anteromedial portal technique in single bundle ACL reconstruction.

Materials And Methods: The femoral tunnel was targeted at the mid-portion of the ACL bundles.