Profile of snakebite cases admitted to the Poison Control Center of Bach Mai Hospital in northern Vietnam from 2008 to 2020.

Background: Vietnam harbours a high species richness of venomous snakes with >60 recognised species but snakebite pathology and treatment are still understudied, particularly in northern Vietnam.

Methods: A retrospective study from 2008 to 2020 was conducted, focusing on snakebite cases at the Poison Control Center of Bach Mai Hospital, a major centre in northern Vietnam for treating envenoming incidents.

Results: A total of 5805 snakebite cases were reported over 12 y.

Molecular basis of Spns1-mediated lysophospholipid transport from the lysosome.

Spns1 mediates the rate-limiting efflux of lysophospholipids from the lysosome to the cytosol. Deficiency of Spns1 is associated with embryonic senescence, as well as liver and skeletal muscle atrophy in animal models. However, the mechanisms by which Spns1 transports lysophospholipid and proton sensing remain unclear.

Ionic Diode-Based Drug Delivery System.

Drug delivery systems hold promise for delivering cytotoxic drugs by controlling the timing and location of the drug release. However, conventional delivery mechanisms often fall short of achieving spatiotemporally controlled yet sustained release, which is crucial for ensuring drug efficacy and minimizing impact on surrounding tissues. Here, an ionic diode-based drug delivery system is reported that is controlled by an electric potential and capable of releasing drugs at scales ranging from nanogram to microgram.

STABLE trial of spectacle provision and driving safety among myopic motorcycle users in Vietnam: study protocol for a stepped-wedge, cluster randomised trial.

Background: Traffic crashes are the leading cause of death globally for people aged 5-29 years, with 90% of mortality occurring in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs). The STABLE (Slashing Two-wheeled Accidents by Leveraging Eyecare) trial was designed to determine whether providing spectacles could reduce risk among young myopic motorcycle users in Vietnam.

Methods: This investigator-masked, stepped-wedge, cluster randomised naturalistic driving trial will recruit 625 students aged 18-23 years, driving ≥ 50 km/week, with ≥ 1-year driving experience and using motorcycles as their primary means of transport, in 25 clusters of 25 students in Ho Chi Minh City, Vietnam.

Evaluation of Aortic Diseases Using Four-Dimensional Flow Magnetic Resonance Imaging.

The complex hemodynamic environment within the aortic lumen plays a crucial role in the progression of aortic diseases such as aneurysms and dissections. Traditional imaging modalities often fail to provide comprehensive flow dynamics that are essential for precise risk assessment and timely intervention. The advent of time-resolved, three-dimensional (3D) phase-contrast magnetic resonance imaging (4D flow MRI) has revolutionized the evaluation of aortic diseases by allowing a detailed visualizations of flow patterns and quantification of hemodynamic parameters.

Unlocking Novel Functionality: Pseudocapacitive Sensing in MXene-Based Flexible Supercapacitors.

Extensively explored for their distinctive pseudocapacitance characteristics, MXenes, a distinguished group of 2D materials, have led to remarkable achievements, particularly in the realm of energy storage devices. This work presents an innovative Pseudocapacitive Sensor. The key lies in switching the energy storage kinetics from pseudocapacitor to electrical double layer capacitor by employing the change of local pH (-log[H]) in MXene-based flexible supercapacitors during bending.

Integrative taxonomy reveals two new species of karst-dwelling Hemiphyllodactylus Bleeker, 1860 (Squamata: Gekkonidae) from the border region of Laos and Vietnam.

An integrative taxonomic analysis of the gekkonid lizard genus Hemiphyllodactylus was conducted using molecular, morphological, color pattern, and ecological data on a clade of 19 species, including two new species from karst landscapes in northern Laos and Vietnam. Hemiphyllodactylus houaphanensis sp. nov.

Proximate analysis and profiles of amino acids, fatty acids, and minerals in insect-based foods for dogs.

Objective: To analyze crude protein, crude fat, crude ash, crude fiber, amino acids, fatty acids, and minerals in insect-based dog foods and to evaluate their compliance with nutritional guidelines.

Methods: Proximate analysis, mineral analysis, amino acid profiling, and fatty acid composition analysis were conducted from November 27, 2023, through February 2024 on 18 commercially available insect-based dog foods formulated for all-life-stage or adult dogs.

Results: Proximate analysis results revealed that all 18 pet foods met the Association of American Feed Control Officials guidelines.

Melittin - the main component of bee venom: a promising therapeutic agent for neuroprotection through keap1/Nrf2/HO-1 pathway activation.

The Nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor (Nrf2)/ Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) pathway, known for its significant role in regulating innate antioxidant defense mechanisms, is increasingly being recognized for its potential in neuroprotection studies. Derived from bee venom, melittin's neuroprotective effects have raised interest. This study confirmed that melittin specificity upregulated the weakened Nrf2/HO-1 signaling in mice brain.

Clinical Outcomes of Poly(ADP-Ribose) Polymerase Inhibitors as Maintenance Therapy in Patients with Ovarian Cancer in the Southeastern Region of Korea.

Purpose: In this study, we aimed to retrospectively investigate the real-world clinical efficacy and adverse events of poly(adenosine diphosphate [ADP]-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibitors in real-world clinical practice among patients with newly diagnosed epithelial ovarian cancer.

Methods: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records from hospitals. Patients with epithelial ovarian cancer treated with olaparib or niraparib as frontline maintenance treatment between 1 January 2014 and 31 December 2022 were included.

Emodin disrupts the KITENIN oncogenic complex by binding ErbB4 and suppresses colorectal cancer progression in dual blockade with KSRP-binding compound.

Background: The KITENIN/ErbB4 complex has been reported to participate in metastasis, which is the principal reason of death in most colorectal cancer patients.

Purpose: New therapeutics need to be developed to suppress the malignant effects of the KITENIN/ErbB4 complex, which is related to drug resistance. The present study aimed to evaluate changes in cancer cell invasion capacity, transcriptional regulators, and cellular bioenergetics after targeting the KITENIN/ErbB4 complex with emodin.

Comparative Analysis of Gait Speed Measurement Protocols: Static Start Versus Dynamic Start in a Cross-Sectional Study Using Light Detection and Ranging.

Background: There is currently no standardized protocol for the measurement of gait speed in older adults, particularly regarding the choice between static versus dynamic start.

Objectives: This study aimed to assess the impact of removing the initial phase on gait speed measurement and compare the correlation of different measurement methods with other physical performance metrics.

Design: A cross-sectional study.

Modified Kasai operation combined with autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell infusion for biliary atresia.

Aim: To evaluate the safety and outcomes of modified Kasai operation combined with autologous bone marrow mononuclear cell (BMMNC) infusion for biliary atresia (BA).

Methods: A matched control study was conducted between January 2015 and December 2021. Ten consecutive children with biliary atresia (BA) who underwent the modified Kasai operation combined with autologous BMMNC infusion (cell therapy group) and ten children who had only the modified Kasai operation (control group) were included in the study.

Water Extract of Nakai Inhibits Osteoclast Differentiation and Alleviates Ovariectomy-Induced Bone Loss.

Nakai () is a perennial herb traditionally used to treat malaria and fever. Although the pharmacological properties of have been explored in various contexts, its effects on bone diseases, such as osteoporosis, remain poorly studied. In this study, we investigated the effects of water extracts of (WEPK) on osteoclasts, which play a crucial role in bone remodeling, and an ovariectomized (OVX) mouse model, which mimics osteoporosis.

Impact of postoperative residual disease on survival in epithelial ovarian cancer with consideration of recent frontline treatment advances: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

Background: Current treatment strategies for primary epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) have significantly evolved, and the value of complete cytoreduction has not yet been reassessed. The study aimed to investigate the impact of residual disease after cytoreductive surgery for EOC on survival outcomes within the recent paradigm of frontline ovarian cancer treatment.

Methods: We searched relevant literature from the MEDLINE, Embase, and Cochrane Library databases to identify randomized controlled trials and prospective clinical trials of primary EOC published between 1 January 2000 and 22 September 2022.

Native Sinus Hemodynamics and Thrombosis in Transcatheter Heart Valve: Effect of Implant Depth and Coronary Flow.

Background: This study aimed to investigate the hemodynamic and anatomic factors associated with sinus thrombosis following transcatheter aortic valve replacement (TAVR), integrating in vivo patient data analysis and in vitro experiments.

Methods And Results: Postprocedural, 4-dimensional, multiphase computed tomography data from 211 patients enrolled in the ADAPT-TAVR (Anticoagulation Versus Dual Antiplatelet Therapy for Prevention of Leaflet Thrombosis and Cerebral Embolization After Transcatheter Aortic Valve Replacement) study were analyzed. The prevalence of native sinus thrombosis was examined in relation to valve type, implant depth, and anatomic features.

Impact of diabetes mellitus and hypertension on renal function during first-line targeted therapy for metastatic renal cell carcinoma: a retrospective multicenter study.

Background: Renal function deterioration during systemic therapy in patients with metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC) is a long-term concern in treatment planning. Although hypertension (HTN) and diabetes mellitus (DM) are the most common factors that affect chronic kidney disease (CKD) development and progression, their impact on renal function during targeted therapy is unclear. This study investigated whether DM and HTN were associated with a decline in renal function during first-line targeted therapy for mRCC.

Transcriptome-wide analysis for glucocorticoid receptor-mediated mRNA decay reveals various classes of target transcripts.

The glucocorticoid receptor (GR) can bind to DNA or RNA, eliciting transcriptional activation/repression or rapid messenger RNA (mRNA) degradation, respectively. Although GR-mediated transcriptional regulation has been well-characterized, the molecular details of rapid mRNA degradation induced by glucocorticoids are not yet fully understood. Here, we demonstrate that glucocorticoid-induced GR-mediated mRNA decay (GMD) takes place in the nucleus and the cytoplasm, acting on pre-mRNAs and mRNAs.

A new metric method for sex estimation using three-dimensional imaging of the nuchal crest.

In Walker's nonmetric method, the nuchal crest serves as the representative region for indicating sexual dimorphism in cranial bones. However, the accuracy of sex estimation using the nuchal crest is lower than that using other anatomical regions. Furthermore, because of the protruding processes and structurally challenging features characterized by uneven and rough surfaces, there is a lack of metric methods for sex estimation, making quantification challenging.

Isatidis Folium Represses Dextran Sulfate Sodium-Induced Colitis and Suppresses the Inflammatory Response by Inhibiting Inflammasome Activation.

Background/objectives: Isatidis Folium (IF) has been used in traditional medicine for various ailments, and recent research highlights its anti-inflammatory, antiviral, and detoxifying properties. This study investigated the anti-inflammatory effects of a hydroethanolic extract of IF (EIF) on inflammasomes and colitis.

Methods: Dextran sulfate sodium (DSS)-induced colitis model C57BL/6 mice were treated with DSS, mesalamine, or EIF (200 mg/kg).

Non-clinical safety evaluation of Yongdamsagan-tang water extract: A 13-week subchronic oral toxicity study in Sprague Dawley rats.

Despite the continued clinical application of traditional herbal medicines, scientific evidence such as toxicological safety profile of Yongdamsagan-tang water extract (YSTW) has not yet been established. The purpose of this study was to investigate the potential toxicity profile of YSTW following a 13-week repeated oral administration at various concentrations to Sprague Dawley rats. YSTW was administered orally to rats once daily at doses of 0, 1000, 2000, and 5000 mg/kg bw/day for 13 weeks.