Predictors of hypocalcemia among children admitted in the Emergency Pediatric Unit of the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria.

Objectives: To determine the prevalence and pattern of hypoglycemia among children admitted to the Emergency Pediatric Unit (EPU) at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Maiduguri, Nigeria.

Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted between February and September 2020. Blood glucose, along with other relevant laboratory investigations, was measured for each patient upon admission to the EPU using a point-of-care test glucometer (ACCU-CHEK with strips).

Hypothyroidism following sistrunk procedure: Thyroglossal duct cyst or ectopic thyroid?

Thyroglossal duct cyst is the most common cause of anterior midline neck swelling in children, but ectopic thyroid is an important but rare differential diagnosis. Establishing the orthotopic thyroid gland status is crucial as inadvertent removal of a lone functioning ectopic thyroid tissue in young children could lead to fluttering of growth and development if not identified early. We report the case of a 2 years 10-month-old boy who had Sistrunk's procedure for 'thyroglossal duct cyst': Diagnosed using USS, defaulted follow-up and presented subsequently with growth retardation from hypothyroidism.

Vitamin D and bone mineral status of newborn-maternal pair delivering at a tertiary hospital in Nigeria.

Background: Vitamin D plays a vital role in the maintenance of bone health. The fetuses and exclusively breastfed neonates depend on maternal vitamin D store to meet their need. Widespread vitamin D deficiency among pregnant women have been reported with adverse fetal outcome.

Prevalence and Pattern of Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Associated Nephropathy among Human Immunodeficiency Virus-Positive Children at the University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, Nigeria.

The kidney is an important target organ in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection, and a variety of renal disorders could occur throughout the course of the disease. HIV- associated nephropathy (HIVAN) is the most common form of kidney disease resulting directly from HIV infection. The true prevalence of HIVAN among infected African children is unknown largely due to lack of surveillance and reporting.

Urinary schistosomiasis in Boko Haram-related internally displaced Nigerian children.

We aimed to determine the prevalence of urinary schistosomiasis among internally displaced children in Maiduguri, Nigeria. Data on the children's sociodemographic characteristics and risk factors for schistosomiasis were collected, over a period of six months, using an interview-based questionnaire. Ten milliliter of urine sample was collected from each child and investigated for hematuria and ova of Schistosoma haematobium.

Neonatal Tetanus Immunity in Nigeria: The Effect of HIV Infection on Serum Levels and Transplacental Transfer of Antibodies.

Background. Tetanus toxoid immunisation of pregnant mother has remained the most effective strategy in eliminating neonatal tetanus. Impaired production and/or transplacental transfer of antibodies may affect the effectiveness of this strategy.

Uncomplicated malaria in children: The place of rapid diagnostic test.

Background: Malaria has remained a major cause of morbidity and mortality among the under-five children in Nigeria. Prompt and accurate diagnosis of malaria is necessary in controlling this high burden and preventing unnecessary use of anti-malarial drugs. Malaria rapid diagnostic test (MRDT) offers the hope of achieving this goal.

Transplacental transfer of macromolecules: proving the efficiency of placental transfer of maternal measles antibodies in mother: infant pairs.

Background: Smaller substances <600 Daltons (Da) can transit human placenta while larger ones >1000 Da may not. This may not be consistent because maternal measles antibodies (MMA) are large immunoglobulin G molecules with molecular weight of 150,000 Da, could cross the placenta in mother-infant pairs.

Aim: The objective was to assess the efficiency of placental transfer of MMA in mother-infant pairs at birth.

A review of neonatal tetanus in University of Maiduguri Teaching Hospital, North-eastern Nigeria.

Background: Neonatal tetanus is a vaccine preventable disease and is a leading cause of neonatal mortality in developing countries. The effectiveness of immunization and hygienic umbilical cord care practices in the prevention of the disease has been established.

Objective: The objective of this study was to audit the scourge of neonatal tetanus in a tertiary health facility in a resource-limited setting.

Clinical staging of HIV infection as a surrogate for CD4 count in HIV-infected children.

Background: Human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection is a major cause of infant and childhood mortality and morbidity; without treatment about 50% of them will succumb to HIV/AIDS before the age of two years.

Objective: to evaluate the usefulness of clinical manifestations of HIV infection as a surrogate for CD4 counts in antiretroviral-naive HIV-infected children.

Methods: newly diagnosed HIV-infected children, antiretroviral-naive attending a paediatric infectious diseases unit were enrolled.