Non-steroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Osteopathic Manipulative Treatment for Pain Management in Patients With Osteoarthritis: A Literature Review.

The pathophysiology of osteoarthritis (OA) involves the destruction of articular cartilage and the overgrowth of bone with lipping and spur formation. Nerve endings in the joint capsule and adjacent tissues play a major role in the pain mechanisms of osteoarthritis. This often requires patients to seek pain control measures beyond over-the-counter drugs, such as local anesthetics.

COVID-19 nightmare response and stress: A new Mexico sample based survey.

Studies conducted during the COVID-19 Pandemic have reported increased rates of mental illnesses including depression, anxiety, and post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD) [1]. A common symptom of mental illness is change in Rapid Eye Movement (REM) sleep, the phase of sleep associated with dreaming and nightmares. The COVID-19 pandemic offers a unique opportunity to evaluate the effects of systemic stress on nightmares.

Improving Sexual and Gender Minority Cancer Care: Patient and Caregiver Perspectives From a Multi-Methods Pilot Study.

Purpose: Up to 1 million lesbian, gay, bisexual, and transgender (i.e., sexual and gender minority, SGM) individuals in the United States have histories of cancer.

A Comprehensive COVID-19 Daily News and Medical Literature Briefing to Inform Health Care and Policy in New Mexico: Implementation Study.

Background: On March 11, 2020, the New Mexico Governor declared a public health emergency in response to the COVID-19 pandemic. The New Mexico medical advisory team contacted University of New Mexico (UNM) faculty to form a team to consolidate growing information on severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) and its disease to facilitate New Mexico's pandemic management. Thus, faculty, physicians, staff, graduate students, and medical students created the "UNM Global Health COVID-19 Intelligence Briefing.

Differences in Head Impact Exposures Between Youth Tackle and Flag Football Games and Practices: Potential Implications for Prevention Strategies.

Background: Interventions designed to reduce the risk for head impacts and concussion in youth football have increased over the past decade; however, understanding of the role of regular game play on head impact exposure among youth tackle and flag football athletes is currently limited.

Purpose: To explore head impact exposure among youth tackle and flag football athletes (age range, 6-14 years) during both practices and games.

Study Design: Cohort study; Level of evidence, 2.

CD8 T cell self-tolerance permits responsiveness but limits tissue damage.

Self-specific CD8T cells can escape clonal deletion, but the properties and capabilities of such cells in a physiological setting are unclear. We characterized polyclonal CD8 T cells specific for the melanocyte antigen tyrosinase-related protein 2 (Trp2) in mice expressing or lacking this enzyme (due to deficiency in , which encodes Trp2). Phenotypic and gene expression profiles of pre-immune Trp2/K-specific cells were similar; the size of this population was only slightly reduced in wild-type (WT) compared to -deficient () mice.

A Qualitative Study of Youth Football Coaches' Perception of Concussion Safety in American Youth Football and Their Experiences With Implementing Tackling Interventions.

Due in part to concern about the potential long-term effects of concussion and repetitive head injuries in football, some programs have implemented tackling interventions. This paper explores youth football coaches' perception of football safety and their experiences implementing these interventions aimed at athlete safety. Using a qualitative approach, coaches were interviewed by means of a semi-structured protocol that covered: (a) demographics; (b) background and experiences; (c) personal relevance risks, safety, and benefits of youth football; (d) experiences with tackling technique; (e) experiences with mouth guard sensors; and (f) opinions on disseminating information on football safety.

Conventional ICSI vs. physiological selection of spermatozoa for ICSI (picsi) in sibling oocytes.

Background: Physiological selection of spermatozoa for ICSI (PICSI) is a sperm selection method based on sperm binding to hyaluronic acid. Previous studies on the effect of hyaluronic acid binding assays on fertilization and embryo quality have shown inconsistent results. Previous sibling oocyte studies have not found a significant improvement in fertilization or embryo development with hyaluronic acid binding assays.

'Luckily, I don't believe in statistics': survey of women's understanding of chance of success with futile fertility treatments.

Research Question: Why are women who face poor prognoses for success in assisted reproductive technology (ART) treatment choosing to pursue procedures using their own eggs, despite receiving information that their chances of success are very low.

Design: Cross-sectional study based on an anonymous questionnaire distributed to women aged between 43 and 45 years, undergoing ART using their own oocytes, at six public outpatient fertility clinics and three public in-hospital IVF units in Israel between 2015 and 2016. The main outcome measure was personal estimation of chance to achieve a live birth after the current ART treatment cycle and the cumulative estimated rate after all the treatment cycles the patient intended to undergo.

DIRAS3 (ARHI) Blocks RAS/MAPK Signaling by Binding Directly to RAS and Disrupting RAS Clusters.

Oncogenic RAS mutations drive cancers at many sites. Recent reports suggest that RAS dimerization, multimerization, and clustering correlate strongly with activation of RAS signaling. We have found that re-expression of DIRAS3, a RAS-related small GTPase tumor suppressor that is downregulated in multiple cancers, inhibits RAS/mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling by interacting directly with RAS-forming heteromers, disrupting RAS clustering, inhibiting Raf kinase activation, and inhibiting transformation and growth of cancer cells and xenografts.

DIRAS3-Derived Peptide Inhibits Autophagy in Ovarian Cancer Cells by Binding to Beclin1.

Autophagy can protect cancer cells from acute starvation and enhance resistance to chemotherapy. Previously, we reported that autophagy plays a critical role in the survival of dormant, drug resistant ovarian cancer cells using human xenograft models and correlated the up-regulation of autophagy and DIRAS3 expression in clinical samples obtained during "second look" operations. DIRAS3 is an imprinted tumor suppressor gene that encodes a 26 kD GTPase with homology to RAS that inhibits cancer cell proliferation and motility.

Pediatric Provider Education and Use of Long-Acting Reversible Contraception in Adolescents.

Introduction: Pediatric primary care providers prescribe the majority of contraception to adolescents, but they often lack training in long-acting reversible contraception (LARC). Our objective was to assess whether a provider education initiative was associated with a change in LARC use for adolescents.

Method: Using electronic medical records, we examined LARC use for 7,331 women ages 15 to 21 years with an established primary care provider before and after a provider education initiative on LARC.

Providers Fear Immigration Proposals May Cause Some Patients to Nix Care.

With high-profile travel bans and well-publicized Immigration and Customs Enforcement (ICE) activities, frontline providers have noticed changes in the behavior of immigrant patients. Some emergency providers report there is more fear and a reluctance to share key information. Also, providers are concerned that worries about deportation will cause immigrant patients to refrain from accessing needed care.

Constitutive metanephric mesenchyme-specific expression of interferon-gamma causes renal dysplasia by regulating Sall1 expression.

Transplacental viral and parasitic infections have been shown to initiate an innate response in the mammalian embryo by increasing the expression of pro-inflammatory cytokines such as interferon-gamma (Ifng). However, the developmental consequences of an activated innate immunity and, in particular, the effects of induction of Ifng expression independent of infection have been largely overlooked. Here, we demonstrate in vivo that the conditional overexpression of Ifng in metanephric mesenchymal (MM) progenitors results in renal agenesis or hypoplasia.

Acquired Bleeding Disorders.

Emergency medicine practitioners treat bleeding patients on a regular basis. Disorders of hemostasis are an additional challenge in these patients but can be assessed and managed in a systematic fashion. Of particular importance to the emergency clinician are the iatrogenic causes of abnormal hemostasis.

Provider and Health System Factors Associated with Usage of Long-Acting Reversible Contraception in Adolescents.

Study Objective: Long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) is recommended as first-line contraception for adolescents. Surveys of primary care providers suggest that physician and clinic factors might influence LARC counseling, but their effect on usage is unknown. Our objective was to explore provider and clinic characteristics associated with LARC usage in adolescents.

Identification and Characterization of Single-Chain Antibodies that Specifically Bind GI Noroviruses.

Norovirus infections commonly lead to outbreaks of acute gastroenteritis and spread quickly, resulting in many health and economic challenges prior to diagnosis. Rapid and reliable diagnostic tests are therefore essential to identify infections and to guide the appropriate clinical responses at the point-of-care. Existing tools, including RT-PCR and enzyme immunoassays, pose several limitations based on the significant time, equipment and expertise required to elicit results.

Deep sequencing of phage-displayed peptide libraries reveals sequence motif that detects norovirus.

Norovirus infections are the leading cause of non-bacterial gastroenteritis and result in about 21 million new cases and $2 billion in costs per year in the United States. Existing diagnostics have limited feasibility for point-of-care applications, so there is a clear need for more reliable, rapid, and simple-to-use diagnostic tools in order to contain outbreaks and prevent inappropriate treatments. In this study, a combination of phage display technology, deep sequencing and computational analysis was used to identify 12-mer peptides with specific binding to norovirus genotype GI.

Elevated circulating micro-ribonucleic acid (miRNA)-200b and miRNA-429 levels in anovulatory women.

Objective: To study the role of micro-RNA (miRNA)-200b and miRNA-429 in human ovulation and to measure their expression levels in ovulatory and anovulatory patients.

Design: Micro-RNA-200b and miRNA-429 expression analysis in human serum and granulosa cells at different phases of the ovulation cycle in normal cycling women and women undergoing assisted reproductive technology cycles.

Setting: University-affiliated hospital and academic research laboratory.

CD4+ T Cell Help Selectively Enhances High-Avidity Tumor Antigen-Specific CD8+ T Cells.

Maintaining antitumor immunity remains a persistent impediment to cancer immunotherapy. We and others have previously reported that high-avidity CD8(+) T cells are more susceptible to tolerance induction in the tumor microenvironment. In the present study, we used a novel model where T cells derived from two independent TCR transgenic mouse lines recognize the same melanoma antigenic epitope but differ in their avidity.