Semiquantitative Evaluation of Muscle Repair by Diffusion Tensor Imaging in Mice.

Muscle injury is one of the most common traumas in orthopedic and sports medicine. However, there are only a few treatment options with marginal clinical benefits for this condition. Muscle repair after injury involves multiple and complex processes, such as the inflammation phase, regeneration phase, and remodeling phase.

Atypical Clinical Presentation of Crohn's Disease with Superior Mesenteric Vein Obstruction and Protein-losing Enteropathy.

We herein report a 44-year-old man suffering from systemic edema due to protein-losing enteropathy (PLE) with superior mesenteric vein (SMV) obstruction and development of collateral veins, which subsequently proved to be a chronic result of thrombosis and a complication of Crohn's disease (CD). PLE was supposedly induced by both intestinal erosion and thrombosis-related lymphangiectasia, which was histologically proven in his surgically-resected ileal stenosis. Elemental diet and anti-TNFα agent improved his hypoalbuminemia after surgery.

Hemorrhagic Sudden Onset of Spinal Epidural Angiolipoma.

Angiolipomas are relatively rare benign tumors. Spinal angiolipomas that generally induce slow progressive cord compression are most commonly found in the thoracic region. A 49-year-old female with obesity presented with a 1-week history of progressively worsening back pain, paresthesia of lower limbs, and gait disturbance.

Stiff-person Syndrome with Waldenström Macroglobulinemia.

We herein report the case of stiff-person syndrome in a 73-year-old woman. She experienced episodes of painful muscle spasms and was admitted to another hospital. She was diagnosed with Waldenström macroglobulinemia.

High-throughput screening with nucleosome substrate identifies small-molecule inhibitors of the human histone lysine methyltransferase NSD2.

The histone lysine methyltransferase nuclear receptor-binding SET domain protein 2 (NSD2, also known as WHSC1/MMSET) is an epigenetic modifier and is thought to play a driving role in oncogenesis. Both NSD2 overexpression and point mutations that increase its catalytic activity are associated with several human cancers. Although NSD2 is an attractive therapeutic target, no potent, selective, and bioactive small molecule inhibitors of NSD2 have been reported to date, possibly due to the challenges of developing high-throughput assays for NSD2.

Malignant Transformation of Nodular Hidradenoma in the Lower Leg.

Nodular hidradenoma (NH) is a benign adnexal tumor that arises from either eccrine or apocrine sweat glands. NH can originate from any cutaneous site, but the most common sites are the head and anterior surface of the trunk, with very rare cases in the extremities. Long-standing NH has been reported to undergo malignant transformation to malignant NH (MNH); however, its occurrence in the lower leg is extremely rare with only one other case reported to date.

Targeted ablation of p38α MAPK suppresses denervation-induced muscle atrophy.

The loss of skeletal muscle mass is a major cause of falls and fractures in the elderly, leading to compromised independence and a decrease in the quality of life. However, only a few therapeutic interventions leading to marginal clinical benefits in patients with this condition are currently available. Therefore, the demand to further understand the pathology of muscle atrophy and establish a treatment modality for patients with muscle atrophy is significant.

The RNA Methyltransferase Complex of WTAP, METTL3, and METTL14 Regulates Mitotic Clonal Expansion in Adipogenesis.

Adipocyte differentiation is regulated by various mechanisms, of which mitotic clonal expansion (MCE) is a key step. Although this process is known to be regulated by cell cycle modulators, the precise mechanism remains unclear. -Methyladenosine (mA) posttranscriptional RNA modification, whose methylation and demethylation are performed by respective enzyme molecules, has recently been suggested to be involved in the regulation of adipogenesis.

A Sialylated Voltage-Dependent Ca Channel Binds Hemagglutinin and Mediates Influenza A Virus Entry into Mammalian Cells.

Influenza A virus (IAV) infection is initiated by the attachment of the viral glycoprotein hemagglutinin (HA) to sialic acid on the host cell surface. However, the sialic acid-containing receptor crucial for IAV infection has remained unidentified. Here, we show that HA binds to the voltage-dependent Ca channel Ca1.

Impaired Spermatogenesis, Muscle, and Erythrocyte Function in U12 Intron Splicing-Defective Zrsr1 Mutant Mice.

The U2AF35-like ZRSR1 has been implicated in the recognition of 3' splice site during spliceosome assembly, but ZRSR1 knockout mice do not show abnormal phenotypes. To analyze ZRSR1 function and its precise role in RNA splicing, we generated ZRSR1 mutant mice containing truncating mutations within its RNA-recognition motif. Homozygous mutant mice exhibited severe defects in erythrocytes, muscle stretch, and spermatogenesis, along with germ cell sloughing and apoptosis, ultimately leading to azoospermia and male sterility.

Effect of pioglitazone on cardiometabolic profiles and safety in patients with type 2 diabetes undergoing percutaneous coronary artery intervention: a prospective, multicenter, randomized trial.

Pioglitazone has superior antiatherosclerotic effects compared with other classes of antidiabetic agents, and there is substantial evidence that pioglitazone improves cardiovascular (CV) outcomes. However, there is also a potential risk of worsening heart failure (HF). Therefore, it is clinically important to determine whether pioglitazone is safe in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) who require treatment for secondary prevention of CV disease, since they have an intrinsically higher risk of HF.

Inhibition of ADAM10 in satellite cells accelerates muscle regeneration following muscle injury.

Muscle injury is one of the most common orthopedic and sports disorders. For severe cases, surgical repair may be indicated; however, other than immobilization and the administration of anti-inflammatory drugs there is currently no effective conservative treatment for this condition. Satellite cells (SCs) are muscle-specific stem cells and are indispensable for muscle regeneration after muscle injury.

Prevalence and Geographic Distribution of Borrelia miyamotoi in Host-Seeking Ixodes pacificus (Acari: Ixodidae) Nymphs in Mendocino County, California.

Borrelia miyamotoi is an increasingly recognized human pathogen transmitted by Ixodes ticks in the Northern Hemisphere. In North America, infection prevalences of B. miyamotoi are characteristically low (<10%) in Ixodes scapularis (Say; Acari: Ixodidae) and Ixodes pacificus (Cooley & Kohls; Acari: Ixodidae), both of which readily bite humans.

High-resolution I bomb peak profile in an ice core from SE-Dome site, Greenland.

I in natural archives, such as ice cores, can be used as a proxy for human nuclear activities, age marker, and environmental tracer. Currently, there is only one published record of I in ice core (i.e.

Improved Human Pharmacokinetic Prediction of Hepatically Metabolized Drugs With Species-Specific Systemic Clearance.

Accurate prediction of human pharmacokinetics (PK) is important for the choice of promising compounds in humans. As the predictability of human PK by an empirical approach is low for drugs with species-specific PK, the utility of a physiologically based pharmacokinetic (PBPK) model was verified using 16 hepatically metabolized reference drugs. After the prediction method for total clearance (CL) and distribution volume at steady state (Vd) in the conventional PBPK model had been optimized, plasma concentrations following a single oral administration of each reference drug to healthy volunteers were simulated, and the prediction accuracy for human PK was compared between empirical approaches and the optimized PBPK model.

Wide-spread ignorance on the treatment of subcutaneous malignant tumors; a questionnaire-based study.

Background: Subcutaneous malignant tumors are often treated by non-specialized clinicians in musculoskeletal oncology. While the resection of subcutaneous tumors appears technically feasible, unplanned resection of malignant tumors can result in a devastating clinical outcome. The aim of this study was to evaluate the potential estrangement in the awareness of and the treatment strategy for the patients with subcutaneous soft tissue tumors between musculoskeletal oncologists and non-specialized clinicians.

A case of liver abscess co-infected with Desulfovibrio desulfuricans and Escherichia coli and review of the literature.

A 73-year-old woman was admitted with consciousness disturbance following a fever. Abdominal computed tomography revealed a large liver abscess with which the presence of Desulfovibrio desulfuricans and Escherichia coli was confirmed by thorough blood and abscess content culture. Empiric meropenem treatment was switched to cefoperazone/sulbactam, followed by ampicillin/sulbactam based on susceptibility testing.

Parathyroid carcinoma occurred in two glands in multiple endocrine neoplasia 1: a report on a rare case.

Primary hyperparathyroidism is the most common hormonal manifestation associated with multiple endocrine neoplasia 1 (MEN1). It is generally caused by parathyroid hyperplasia, and parathyroid carcinoma is rare. Here, we report a case of MEN1 with parathyroid carcinoma in two parathyroid glands causing primary hyperparathyroidism.

Characterization of clinically isolated thymidine-dependent small-colony variants of Escherichia coli producing extended-spectrum β-lactamase.

Purpose: Thymidine-dependent small-colony variants (TD-SCVs) are difficult to detect or test for antimicrobial susceptibility. We investigated the characteristics of clonal TD-SCVs of Escherichia coli, both with and without blaCTX-M-3, isolated from a patient.

Methodology: Mutation in the thyA gene was analysed by sequencing, and morphological abnormalities in the colonies and cells of the isolates were examined.

Rat Fall Surveillance Coupled with Vector Control and Community Education as a Plague Prevention Strategy in the West Nile Region, Uganda.

Plague, primarily a disease of rodents, is most frequently transmitted by fleas and causes potentially fatal infections in humans. In Uganda, plague is endemic to the West Nile region. Primary prevention for plague includes control of rodent hosts or flea vectors, but targeting these efforts is difficult given the sporadic nature of plague epizootics in the region and limited resource availability.

Impact of "Tailored" Parathyroidectomy for Treatment of Primary Hyperparathyroidism in Patients with Multiple Endocrine Neoplasia Type 1.

Background: Whether total parathyroidectomy (TPTX) or subtotal parathyroidectomy (SPTX) should be performed for primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) in patients with multiple endocrine neoplasia type 1 (MEN1) is controversial. At our institution, the parathyroidectomy strategy is based on the number of enlarged intraoperative parathyroid glands. We retrospectively analyzed our parathyroidectomy procedures.

Protective effects of the mechanistic target of rapamycin against excess iron and ferroptosis in cardiomyocytes.

Clinical studies have suggested that myocardial iron is a risk factor for left ventricular remodeling in patients after myocardial infarction. Ferroptosis has recently been reported as a mechanism of iron-dependent nonapoptotic cell death. However, ferroptosis in the heart is not well understood.